The fate of form in the Humboldtian tradition:The Formungstrieb of Georg von der Gabelentz

The multifaceted concept of ‘form’ plays a central tole in the linguistic work of Wilhelm von Humboldt (1767–1835), where it is deeply entwined with aesthetic questions. H. Steinthal’s (1823–1899) interpretation of linguistic form, however, made it the servant of psychology. The Formungstrieb (drive to formation) of Georg von der Gabelentz (1840–1893) challenged Steinthal’s conception and placed a renewed emphasis on aesthetics. In this endeavour, Gabelentz drew on the work of such figures as August Friedrich Pott (1802–1887), Hans Conon von der Gabelentz (1807–1874) and William Dwight Whitney (1827–1894). In this paper, we examine Gabelentz’ Formungstrieb and place it in its historical context

Einleitung in die Psychologie und Sprachwissenschaft

First published 187

Exploring the role of CD248/endosialin/TEM-1 on lymphoid stromal cells in secondary lymphoid organs

CD248 is a pericyte-associated, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) marker that is highly expressed during embryological life. This expression is down regulated during development, becoming restricted on lymphoid stroma to the capsule, but reappearing during inflammation, as well as in a number of disease states (Lax et al., 2007). CD248 has been shown to play a role in controlling the differentiation ofMSC to osteoblasts, both in vitro and in vivo, achieving this effect by modulating PDGFRsignalling, as treatment with the PDGFRinhibitor imatinib mesylate phenocopies the effects seen in the CD248·;. mouse (Naylor et al., 2012). Here we present evidence that CD248 is involved in the differentiation of MSC, via PDGFRsignalling, into lymphoid stroma progenitors both in vitro and in vivo. In adult mice expression of CD248 is detected on FDCs following immunisation. Using CD248·1- mice, we observe that FDC networks in CD248·1- mice do not form normally and lack the reticular, dendrite-like structure typical ofFDCs. This defect associates with a reduction in the functionality of the germinal centres. Embryonic development of lymph node stroma occurs in a stepwise manner with progressive upregulation of VCAM and ICAM on resident mesenchyme. In the adult stroma, recent work has established links between different stromal cell subtypes; Jarjour eta/. (2014) used a fate mapping technique to discover that marginal reticular cells are able to differentiate to follicular dendritic cells in response to immune challenge. Contrasting evidence shows that FDC in the spleen derive from ubiquitous perivascular precursors, likely to be pericytes (Krautler et al., 2012

Hahn-Steinthal fracture: a case report

Isolated fracture of the capitellum is rare. We present clinical and radiological data on a single case of a fracture of capitellum. We came across a 31 year old woman who sustained an isolated Hahn Steinthal type of fracture. It was treated operatively by open reduction and internal fixation using mini fragment screws. The elbow was immobilized for 4 weeks. The patient regained full range of movement at 12 weeks post operatively. We reiterate that anatomical reduction and fixation is the right way to treat this injury

Bimodal Expansion of the Lymphatic Vessels Is Regulated by the Sequential Expression of IL-7 and Lymphotoxin α1β2 in Newly Formed Tertiary Lymphoid Structures.

Lymphangiogenesis associated with tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS) has been reported in numerous studies. However, the kinetics and dynamic changes occurring to the lymphatic vascular network during TLS development have not been studied. Using a viral-induced, resolving model of TLS formation in the salivary glands of adult mice we demonstrate that the expansion of the lymphatic vascular network is tightly regulated. Lymphatic vessel expansion occurs in two distinct phases. The first wave of expansion is dependent on IL-7. The second phase, responsible for leukocyte exit from the glands, is regulated by lymphotoxin (LT)βR signaling. These findings, while highlighting the tight regulation of the lymphatic response to inflammation, suggest that targeting the LTα1β2/LTβR pathway in TLS-associated pathologies might impair a natural proresolving mechanism for lymphocyte exit from the tissues and account for the failure of therapeutic strategies that target these molecules in diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis

Tree Planting in Prince George’s County, Maryland: Case Studies and Benefits Assessment in Four Parks

Final project for LARC452: Green Infrastructure and Community Greening (Fall 2019). University of Maryland, College Park.The benefits of trees and forests and the ecosystems services that they provide is well documented. Ecosystems services include carbon sequestration, stormwater retention, water pollution reduction, air pollution retention and others. In addition, tree planting efforts provide numerous social benefits including improvement of community cohesion, increase in social capital, and environmental stewardship and education. In order to provide a greater understanding of tree planting efforts and assessing tree benefits locally, two major project components were undertaken: 1) the research and documentation using case studies of individual tree planting efforts, and 2) assessment of benefits of recent and proposed trees for four selected parks in Prince George’s county.Prince George's Count

Some early cases of aphasia and the capacity to sing

This chapter examines early cases of aphasia that include observations of the capacity to sing. Although the majority of these cases were published in the late nineteenth century, earlier reports exist and provide insights into the early thinking about the capacity to sing in aphasia, a topic that continues to the present day. The observation that some patients with aphasia and limited speech output were able to sing the texts of songs inspired scholars to examine the relationship between music and language. Early ideas about the capacity to sing were provided by well-known neurologists, such as John Hughlings Jackson and Adolf Kussmaul. The work of Herbert Spencer about the origins and function of music heavily influenced Jackson and others in their thinking about aphasia. This work also led to an increased interest in understanding music abilities in persons with aphasia and, later, in the brain mechanisms of music. The chapter provides a background as to why there was an interest in the capacity to sing in persons with aphasia and what influenced early thinking on this topic