Career Starts and the Male-Female Wage Gap

The paper focuses on the early career patterns of young male and female workers. It investigates potential dynamic links between statistical discrimination, mobility, tenure and wage profiles. The model assumes that it is more costly for an employer to assess female workers' productivity and that the noise/signal ratio tapers off more rapidly for male workers. These two assumptions yield numerous theoretical predictions pertaining to gender wage gaps. These are tested using French data. It turns out most predictions are supported by the data. Dans ce travail, nous nous intéressons à l'évolution des carrières des jeunes travailleurs masculins et féminins au cours des premières années de vie active. Nous étudions dans un contexte dynamique les liens pouvant exister entre la discrimination statistique, la mobilité professionnelle, l'ancienneté en entreprise et les profils salariaux. Le modèle théorique postule qu'il est plus coûteux pour les employeurs d'évaluer la productivité des travailleurs féminins. On postule également que l'erreur de mesure portant sur la productivité disparaît plus rapidement pour les travailleurs masculins. Ces deux hypothèses génèrent de nombreuses prédictions théoriques falsifiables concernant les écarts salariaux hommes/femmes en début de carrière. Ces prédictions sont confrontées à des données françaises. Nous trouvons que la plupart des prédictions théoriques sont cohérentes avec les données.gender wage gap, job transitions, mover-stayer model, Écarts salariaux hommes/femmes, mobilité professionnelle, modèle mover-stayer

Why do women's wages increase so slowly throughout their career? A dynamic model of statistical discrimination

The aim of this paper is to explain the growing wage differentials between men and womenduring their working careers. We provide a dynamic model of statistical discrimination, whichintegrates specific human capital decisions: on-the-job training investment and wages areendogenously determined. We reveal a small wage differential at the beginning of women'scareer, followed by a larger wage differential; this is partly due to a lower level of human capitalinvestment by women and partly because firms smooth training costs between different periods.Statistical discrimination, careers, male/female differentials, gender wage gap, specific human capital.

Does Home ownership Harm Labour Market Performances? A Survey

While many countries have implemented various incentives to promote homeownership, this paper investigates the literature on the relationship between this residential status and the labour market performances. Since the rather negative original contribution by Oswald (1996), the literature has been extending the analyses to more precise measures of labor markets performances, to more subtle descriptions of residential status and to more sophisticated econometric techniques on individual data. Overall, the Oswald's hypothesis finds little support.housing tenure choice ; Oswald's hypothesis ; labour market transitions ; wages

Finding an induced subdivision of a digraph

We consider the following problem for oriented graphs and digraphs: Given an oriented graph (digraph) $G$, does it contain an induced subdivision of a prescribed digraph $D$? The complexity of this problem depends on $D$ and on whether $G$ must be an oriented graph or is allowed to contain 2-cycles. We give a number of examples of polynomial instances as well as several NP-completeness proofs