Linking institutional investors to communities

Public pension funds, insurance companies, foundations, and universities increasingly pursue community investments because they deliver on twin goals: high financial returns and economic growth in underserved areas. Since 2000, mission-related investments have grown at a 19.5 percent compound annual rate.Investments ; Community development ; Community development - New England

Using new markets tax credits to mitigate the impact of foreclosures on communities

The author presents an overview of what is being done and offers community development practitioners’ ideas about how to refine and strengthen the federal program. One example: change the program to allow a separate, additional allocation of tax credits for the purchase and resale of foreclosed property in low-income areas.Foreclosure

The role of community partners in urban investments

Institutional investors seeking to deploy capital to underserved areas do not have either the time or the expertise to actively manage these specialized investments. Investment vehicles intervene by using their financial expertise to pool assets and lower transaction costs. Community partners, in turn, link the investment vehicle to the neighborhood. This paper develops a typology of community partners and their unique characteristics that enable them to overcome information asymmetries in certain markets. The paper also discusses the business models that establish the relationship between the investment vehicle and community partner to highlight strengths of the different models for delivering community transformation.Community development

Explaining the mental health consequences of internalized racism: The mediating roles of family resilience and collective action

apresentada no Ispa – Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Clínica.ABSTRACT: Racial oppression’s institutional and interpersonal levels have had a substantial amount of empirical attention. Little is known, however, about internalized racism and the paths through which it has such negative effects on mental health. In this study with 226 participants who self identify as Black we focus on internalized racism’s effect on depression and propose explanatory processes through which this effect is carried out. We argued that this detrimental effect happens though internalized racism’s limiting power over positive identity mechanisms. Specifically, when exploring family resilience and collective action’s role in this association, results showed that internalized racism’s effect on depression was mediated by family communication and problem solving dimension of family resilience. The support for the Black Lives Matter movement was also a significant mediator, but was, however, positively associated with depression. Clinical implications are discussed.Os níveis institucional e interpessoal da opressão racial têm recebido uma quantidade substancial de atenção empírica. Pouco se sabe, no entanto, sobre o racismo internalizado e os caminhos pelos quais ele tem efeitos tão negativos na saúde mental. Neste estudo com 226 participantes que se autocategorizaram como Negros, nos debruçamos sobre o efeito do racimo internalizado na depressão e propomos processos explicativos pelos quais esse efeito acontece. Argumentamos que esse efeito prejudicial acontece através da limitação que a internalização do racismo impõe sobre a mobilização de mecanismos identitários positivos. Especificamente, ao explorar a resiliência familiar e o papel da ação coletiva nessa associação, os resultados mostraram que o efeito do racismo internalizado na depressão foi mediado pela dimensão da “comunicação resolução de problemas” da resiliência familiar. O suporte ao movimento do Black Lives Matter também mediou significativamente esta relação, no entanto, mostrou-se positivamente associada à depressão. As implicações clínicas desses resultados são discutidas

Psychosoziale Auswirkungen von Brandverletzungen bei Erwachsenen : Assessmentinstrumente und pflegerische Interventionen im stationären Setting

Darstellung Thema: Brandverletzungen hinterlassen bleibende physische Veränderungen und verursachen ausserdem psychosoziale Veränderungen. Pflegefachpersonen müssen psychosoziale Auswirkungen kennen, um diese im Alltag zu erkennen und geeignete pflegerische Interventionen ergreifen zu können. Fragestellung/ Zielsetzung: Diese Bachelorarbeit beschäftigt sich mit folgender Fragestellung: Mit welchen psychosozialen Auswirkungen sind erwachsene Brandverletzte konfrontiert und wie können Pflegefachpersonen diese im stationären Setting erkennen? Ziel ist eine Auflistung von psychosozialen Auswirkungen, Beobachtungsschwerpunkten und möglichen pflegerischen Interventionen. Methode: Eine systematisierte Literaturrecherche wurde in fünf Datenbanken durchgeführt. Die eingeschlossene Literatur wurde zusammengefasst, gewürdigt und die Güte und Evidenz eingeschätzt. Informationen aus der Praxis wurden ebenfalls mit eingeschlossen, alle Resultate synthetisiert und ein Merkblatt erstellt. Ergebnisse: Die psychosozialen Auswirkungen von Brandverletzungen liessen sich in Probleme (Schmerzen, Fatigue, Körperbildstörungen, Verminderungen von Selbstwert und Wohlbefinden, Schlafstörungen, negative Emotionen, Verschlechterungen zwischenmenschlicher Beziehungen, Sexualität und Arbeitsstatus), Bewältigungsstrategien (Spiritualität/ Religion, Reframing, Schuldzuweisungen, Erzählen, Humor) und positive Auswirkungen (Hoffnung, Selbstreflexion, posttraumatisches Wachstum) aufteilen. Beobachtungsschwerpunkte wurden keine erwähnt, dafür eine Übersicht an Assessmentinstrumenten erstellt. Schlussfolgerungen: Brandverletzte sind mit diversen psychosozialen Auswirkungen konfrontiert. Es besteht noch Forschungsbedarf im Gebiet psychosozialer Auswirkungen von Brandverletzungen, vor allem im Bereich der Isolation aufgrund einer Infektion, Sexualität, posttraumatisches Wachstum, Beobachtungsschwerpunkten und Interventionen

Intermittent Reduction in Ocean Heat Transport Into the Getz Ice Shelf Cavity During Strong Wind Events

The flow of warm water toward the western Getz Ice Shelf along the Siple Trough, West Antarctica, is intermittently disrupted during short events of Winter Water deepening. Here we show, using mooring records, that these 5–10 days-long events reduced the heat transport toward the ice shelf cavity by 25% in the winter of 2016. The events coincide with strong easterly winds and polynya opening in the region, but the Winter Water deepening is controlled by non-local coastal Ekman downwelling rather than polynya-related surface fluxes. The thermocline depth anomalies are forced by Ekman downwelling at the northern coast of Siple Island and propagate to the ice front as a coastal trapped wave. During the events, the flow at depth does no longer continue along isobaths into the ice shelf cavity but aligns with the ice front.publishedVersio

Equivalence of Narcissistic Personality Inventory constructs and correlates across scoring approaches and response formats

The prevalent scoring practice for the Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI) ignores the forced-choice nature of the items. The aim of this study was to investigate whether findings based on NPI scores reported in previous research can be confirmed when the forced-choice nature of the NPI’s original response format is appropriately modeled, and when NPI items are presented in different response formats (true/false or rating scale). The relationships between NPI facets and various criteria were robust across scoring approaches (mean score vs. model-based), but were only partly robust across response formats. In addition, the scoring approaches and response formats achieved equivalent measurements of the vanity facet and in part of the leadership facet, but differed with respect to the entitlement facet

Elevated microsatellite instability at selected tetranucleotide (EMAST) repeats in gastric cancer: a distinct microsatellite instability type with potential clinical impact?

We investigated the clinical impact of elevated microsatellite instability at selected tetranucleotide (EMAST) repeats in the context of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (CTx) in gastric/gastro-oesophageal adenocarcinomas. We analysed 583 resected tumours (272 without and 311 after CTx) and 142 tumour biopsies before CTx. If at least two or three of the five tetranucleotide repeat markers tested showed instability, the tumours were defined as EMAST (2+) or EMAST (3+), respectively. Expression of mismatch repair proteins including MSH3 was analysed using immunohistochemistry. Microsatellite instability (MSI) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) positivity were determined using standard assays. EMAST (2+) and (3+) were detected in 17.8 and 11.5% of the tumours, respectively. The frequency of EMAST (2+) or (3+) in MSI-high (MSI-H) tumours was 96.2 or 92.5%, respectively, demonstrating a high overlap with this molecular subtype, and the association of EMAST and MSI status was significant (each overall p < 0.001). EMAST (2+ or 3+) alone in MSI-H and EBV-negative tumours demonstrated only a statistically significant association of EMAST (2+) positivity and negative lymph node status (42.3% in EMAST (2+) and 28.8% in EMAST negative, p = 0.045). EMAST alone by neither definition was significantly associated with overall survival (OS) of the patients. The median OS for EMAST (2+) patients was 40.0 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 16.4-63.6) compared with 38.7 months (95% CI 26.3-51.1) for the EMAST-negative group (p = 0.880). The median OS for EMAST (3+) patients was 46.7 months (95% CI 18.2-75.2) and 38.7 months (95% CI 26.2-51.2) for the negative group (p = 0.879). No statistically significant association with response to neoadjuvant CTx was observed (p = 0.992 and p = 0.433 for EMAST (2+) and (3+), respectively). In conclusion, our results demonstrate a nearly complete intersection between MSI-H and EMAST and they indicate that EMAST alone is not a distinct instability type associated with noticeable clinico-pathological characteristics of gastric carcinoma patients

Diminished nap effects on memory consolidation are seen under oral contraceptive use

Item does not contain fulltextMany young females take exogenous hormones as oral contraceptive (OC), a condition rarely controlled for in studies on sleep and memory consolidation even though sex hormones influence consolidation. This study investigated the effects of OCs on sleep-related consolidation of a motor and declarative task, utilizing a daytime nap protocol. Fifteen healthy, young females taking OCs came to the sleep lab for three different conditions: nap with previous learning, wake with previous learning and nap without learning. They underwent each condition twice, once during the "pill-active" weeks and once during the "pill-free" week, resulting in 6 visits. In all conditions, participants showed a significant off-line consolidation effect, independent of pill week or nap/wake condition. There were no significant differences in sleep stage duration, spindle activity or spectral EEG frequency bands between naps with or without the learning condition. The present data showed a significant off-line enhancement in memory irrespective of potential beneficial effects of a nap. In comparison to previous studies, this may suggest that the use of OCs may enhance off-line memory consolidation in motor and verbal tasks per se. These results stress the importance to control for the use of OCs in studies focusing on memory performance