Salud de los trabajadores

Actividad física y su relación con los factores de riesgo cardiovascular de carteros chilenosAnálisis de resultados: riesgos psicosociales en el trabajo Suceso-Istas 21 en Cesfam QuellónAusentismo laboral por enfermedades oftalmológicas, Chile 2009Brote de diarreas por norovirus, posterremoto-tsunami, Constitución, Región del MauleCalidad de vida en profesionales de la salud pública chilenaCaracterización del reposo laboral en personal del SSMN durante el primer semestre de 2010Concentración de nicotina en pelo en trabajadores no fumadores expuestos a humo de tabaco ambientalCondiciones de trabajo y bienestar/malestar docente en profesores de enseñanza media de SantiagoDisfunción auditiva inducida por exposición a xilenoErgonomía aplicada al estudio del síndrome de dolor lumbar en el trabajoEstimación de la frecuencia de factores de riesgo cardiovascular en trabajadores de una empresa mineraExposición a plaguicidas inhibidores de la acetilcolinesterasa en Colombia, 2006-2009Factores de riesgo y daños de salud en conductores de una empresa peruana de transporte terrestre, 2009Las consecuencias de la cultura en salud y seguridad ocupacional en una empresa mineraPercepción de cambios en la práctica médica y estrategias de afrontamientoPercepción de la calidad de vida en la Universidad del BiobíoPesos máximos aceptables para tareas de levantamiento manual de carga en población laboral femeninaRiesgo coronario en trabajadores mineros según la función de Framingham adaptada para la población chilenaTrastornos emocionales y riesgo cardiovascular en trabajadores de la salu

Accumulation of polybrominated diphenyl ethers and microbiome response in the great pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis with exposure to nylon (polyamide) microplastics

Microplastics attract widespread attention, including for their potential to transport toxic chemicals in the form of plasticisers and associated hydrophobic organic chemicals, such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). The aims of this study were to investigate how nylon (polyamide) microplastics may affect PBDE accumulation in snails, and the acute effects of nylon particles and PBDEs on survival, weight change and inherent microbiome diversity and community composition of the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis. Snails were exposed for 96 hours to BDEs-47, 99, 100 and 153 in the presence and absence of 1% w/w nylon microplastics in quartz sand sediment. No mortality was observed over the exposure period. Snails not exposed to microplastics lost significantly more weight compared to those exposed to microplastics. Increasing PBDE concentration in the sediment resulted in an increased PBDE body burden in the snails, however microplastics did not significantly influence total PBDE uptake. Based on individual congeners, uptake of BDE 47 by snails was significantly reduced in the presence of microplastics. The diversity and composition of the snail microbiome was not significantly altered by the presence of PBDEs nor by the microplastics, singly or combined. Significant effects on a few individual operational taxonomic units (OTUs) occurred when comparing the highest PBDE concentration with the control treatment, but in the absence of microplastics only. Overall within these acute experiments, only subtle effects on weight loss and slight microbiome alterations occurred. These results therefore highlight that L. stagnalis are resilient to acute exposures to microplastics and PBDEs, and that microplastics are unlikely to influence HOC accumulation or the microbiome of this species over short timescales

Disease modification and biomarker development in Parkinson disease: Revision or reconstruction?

A fundamental question in advancing Parkinson disease (PD) research is whether it represents one disorder or many. Does each genetic PD inform a common pathobiology or represent a unique entity? Do the similarities between genetic and idiopathic forms of PD outweigh the differences? If aggregates of α-synuclein in Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites are present in most (α-synucleinopathies), are they also etiopathogenically significant in each (α-synuclein pathogenesis)? Does it matter that postmortem studies in PD have demonstrated that mixed protein-aggregate pathology is the rule and pure α-synucleinopathy the exception? Should we continue to pursue convergent biomarkers that are representative of the diverse whole of PD or subtype-specific, divergent biomarkers, present in some but absent in most? Have clinical trials that failed to demonstrate efficacy of putative disease-modifying interventions been true failures (shortcomings of the hypotheses, which should be rejected) or false failures (shortcomings of the trials; hypotheses should be preserved)? Each of these questions reflects a nosologic struggle between the lumper's clinicopathologic model that embraces heterogeneity of one disease and the splitter's focus on a pathobiology-specific set of diseases. Most important, even if PD is not a single disorder, can advances in biomarkers and disease modification be revised to concentrate on pathologic commonalities in large, clinically defined populations? Or should our efforts be reconstructed to focus on smaller subgroups of patients, distinguished by well-defined molecular characteristics, regardless of their phenotypic classification? Will our clinical trial constructs be revised to target larger and earlier, possibly even prodromal, cohorts? Or should our trials efforts be reconstructed to target smaller but molecularly defined presymptomatic or postsymptomatic cohorts? At the Krembil Knowledge Gaps in Parkinson's Disease Symposium, the tentative answers to these questions were discussed, informed by the failures and successes of the fields of breast cancer and cystic fibrosis.A.J. Espay has received grant support from the NIH and the Michael J Fox Foundation; personal compensation as a consultant/scientific advisory board member for Abbvie, Adamas, Acadia, Acorda, Neuroderm, Impax, Sunovion, Lundbeck, Osmotica Pharmaceutical, and USWorldMeds; publishing royalties from Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Cambridge University Press, and Springer; and honoraria from USWorldMeds, Lundbeck, Acadia, Sunovion, the AmericanAcademy of Neurology, and the Movement Disorders Society. L.V. Kalia holds a Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Clinician-Scientist Award, receives research support from CIHR, Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), Ontario Brain Institute, Parkinson Canada, and Toronto General & Western Hospital Foundation, holds contracts with ApoPharma, and received educational grants from Allergan and honoraria from Pfizer, Shire, and National Institutes of Health (NIH). Z. Gan-Or has served as an advisor for Lysosomal Therapeutics Inc. (LTI), Idorsia, Prevail Therapeutics, Inception Sciences (now Ventus) and Denali; received grants from the Michael J. Fox Foundation, the Canadian Consortium on Neurodegeneration in Aging (CCNA), the Canadian Glycomics Network (GlycoNet), the Canada First Research Excellence Fund (CFREF), awarded to McGill University for the Healthy Brains for Healthy Lives (HBHL) 6 program and the Fonds d’accélération des collaborations en santé (FACS), granted by MESI/CQDM; supported by Fonds de recherche du Québec - Santé (FRQS) Chercheursboursiers award with Parkinson’s Quebec, and by the Young Investigator Award by Parkinson’s Canada. C. H. Williams-Gray holds a Clinician Scientist Fellowship from the Medical Research Council; she has received grants from the Michael J Fox Foundation, the Rosetrees Trust, the Evelyn Trust, Addenbrooke’s Charitable Trust, Parkinson’s UK, the Academy of Medical Sciences UK, the Stevenage Biosciences Catalyst, and the Patrick Berhoud Trust; and is supported by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre (the views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care); she has received honoraria from Lundbeck and consultancy fees from Modus Outcomes. P. L. Bedard has received grant support (to his institution) from Bristol-Myers Squibb, Sanofi, AstraZeneca, Genentech/Roche, Servier, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, SignalChem, PTC Therapeutics, Nektar, Merck, Seattle Genetics, Mersana, Immunomedics, and Lilly S. M. Rowe has received grant support from the NIH, the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation, Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated, Bayer, Forest Research Institute, AstraZeneca, N30/Nivalis, Novartis, Galapagos/AbbVie, Proteostasis, Eloxx, Celtaxsys, PTC Therapeutics, and Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated; and personal honoraria from Bayer, Novartis, Renovion, Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated. 7 F. Morgante received honararia from UCB Pharma, BIAL, Chiesi, Medtronic, Zambon, Chiesi, Abbvie, Merz; she receives royalties from Springer for the book “Disorders of Movement”. A. Fasano received honoraria for consultancies from Abbvie, Abbott, BrainLab, Boston Scientific, Chiesi farmaceutici, Ipsen, Medtronic, Sunovion, and UCB; honaria for participation in advisory boards from Abbvie, Boston Scientific, and Ipsen; research grants from Abbvie, Boston Scientific, Cummings Foundation, Dystonia Medical Research Foundation Canada, Michael J. Fox Foundation, Medtronic, University of Toronto, and Weston foundation. B. Stecher is a patient and Parkinson’s advocate. He writes on https://tmrwedition.com/. He has received honoraria from Zambon, Biogen, Abbvie, Roche, the Buck Institute, McGill, and the Tanenbaum Open Science Institute. M. Kauffman is an employee of the CONICET. He has received grant support from Ministry of Science and Technology of Argentina and Ministry of Health of Buenos Aires. He has received honoraria payments for educational activities from Janssen Pharmaceuticals and Bago Pharmaceuticals. M. J. Farrer has received research grant support from the Canadian Federal Government, British Columbia (Leadership Fund - Life Labs, Genome BC & the Province) and the Weston foundation. He has intellectual property rights including US patent WO 2005/004794 A2 & JP 2011-30292 International Publication Number WO 2006/045392 A2. Method of treating 8 neurodegenerative diseases. International Publication Number WO 2006/068492 A1, US publication Number US-2008-0009454-A1, Norwegian patent 323175 Identification of LRRK2 in parkinsonism, including mutation c.6055G>A (p.G2019S) and mouse models. He has received royalties from Mayo Foundation, Athena Diagnostics & H.Lundbeck A/S. C. S. Coffey has received grant funding from the Michael J. Fox Foundation, NHLBI, and NINDS and consulting funds from Michael J. Fox Foundation. M. A. Schwarzschild is an employee of Massachusetts General Hospital and a member of the faculty of Harvard Medical School and is supported by research funding (from the National Institutes of Health, Michael J Fox Foundation, the Parkinson Foundation, Target ALS, The Maximilian E. & Marion O. Hoffman Foundation Biotie/Accorda and the US Depertment of Defense), clinical practice compensation, an endowment and University funds. He serves on the scientific advisory boards of the Michael J Fox Foundation, CBD Solutions, and Cure Parkinson’s Trust. He has served as a consultant for New ß Innovation. He has received royalties from MGH for licensing of adenosine A2A receptor knockout mice. T. Sherer is the CEO of the Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson’s Research. R. B. Postuma reports grants and personal fees from Fonds de la Recherche en Sante, the Canadian Institute of Health Research, Parkinson Canada, the Weston‐Garfield Foundation, the Michael J. Fox Foundation, the Webster Foundation, and personal fees from Takeda, Roche/Prothena, Teva Neurosciences, Novartis Canada, Biogen, Boehringer Ingelheim, 9 Theranexus, GE HealthCare, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, AbbVie, Janssen, and Otsuko, outside the submitted work. A. P. Strafella has received funding from Canada Research Chair Program (CRC), Canadian Institute Health Research (CIHR), National Parkinson Foundation (NPF), Parkinson Disease Foundation (PDF), Parkinson Canada, Ontario Gambling Association, Tourette Syndrome Association (TSA), Brain Canada, Weston Brain Institute, and honoraria from GE Healthcare Canada LTD. A. B. Singleton has nothing to disclose. R. A. Barker has served as an advisor to UCB; Cellino; Sana Biotherapeutics; BlueRock Therapeutics; Oxford Biomedica; LCT; Novo Nordisk, Fujifilm Cellular Dynamics International. He has received grant support from the MRC, Wellcome Trust; Parkinson’s UK; Cure Parkinson’s Trust; Rosetrees Trust;, EU; Evelyn Trust; John Black Charitable Trust; CHDI , and is supported by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre (the views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care) He has received royalties from Wiley and Springer-Nature. K. Kieburtz has received support as Consultant from Clintrex LLC, Roche/Genentech, Novartis, Blackfynn; grant Support from NIH (NINDS, NCATS), Michael J Fox Foundation; and from ownership of Clintrex LLC, Hoover Brown LLC, and Safe Therapeutics LLC. 10 C. W. Olanow has served as a consultant to Fuji, Lundbeck, Newron, Teva, UCB, and Zambon. He owns stock in Clintrex, which provides consulting services for AstraZeneca, Acorda/Civitas/Biotie, Blackthorne, Britannia, Cynapsus, Dart, Denali, EMD Serono, Inhibikase, Intec, Ipsen, Jazz, Kyowa‐Kirin, Lundbeck, Michael J Fox Foundation, Monosol, Neuraly, Neurocrine, Neuroderm, Otsuka/INC, Pfizer, Pharma Two B, PhotoPharmics, Sanofi/Genzyme, Sarepta, Serina, Sunovion, SynAgile, Takeda, Teva, Ultragenyx, US WorldMeds, Vaccinex, Voyager, vTv, and Weston Foundation. He has served on the boards of the Michael J Fox Foundation, the National Space Biomedical Research Institute, UCB, and Zambon. A. Lozano is consultant for Medtronic, Boston Scientific and Abbott. J. H. Kordower is a paid consultant to Clintrex inc, NsGeneinc, Axovant inc, Fuji-CDI inc, Inhibikase inc, Abbvie, and The Michael J. Fox Foundation. J. M. Cedarbaum is an independent consultant. He is former employee of and shareholder in Biogen. P. Brundin has received commercial support as a consultant from Axial Biotherapeutics, CuraSen, Fujifilm-Cellular Dynamics International, IOS Press Partners, LifeSci Capital LLC, Lundbeck A/S and Living Cell Technologies LTD. He has received commercial support for grants/research from Lundbeck A/S and Roche. He has ownership interests in Acousort AB and Axial Biotherapeutics and is on the steering committee of the NILO-PD trial. 11 D. G. Standaert is a member of the faculty of the University of Alabama at Birmingham and is supported by endowment and University funds. Dr. Standaert is an investigator in studies funded by Abbvie, Inc., Avid Radiopharmaceuticals, the American Parkinson Disease Association, the Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson Research, Alabama Department of Commerce, the Department of Defense, and NIH grants P01NS087997, P50NS108675, R25NS079188, P2CHD086851, P30NS047466, and T32NS095775. He has a clinical practice and is compensated for these activities through the University of Alabama Health Services Foundation. In addition, since January 1, 2019 he has served as a consultant for or received honoraria from Axovant Sciences, Inc., Censa Pharmaceuticals, Abbvie Inc., Grey Matter Technologies, Theravance Inc., the Kennedy Krieger Institute, McGraw Hill Publishers, Sanofi- Aventis, RTI Consultants, Cerevance Inc., Yale University and Michigan State University. A. E. Lang has served as an advisor for Abbvie, Allon Therapeutics, Avanir Pharmaceuticals, Biogen Idec, Boerhinger-Ingelheim, Ceregene, Lilly, Medtronic, Merck, Novartis, NeuroPhage Pharmaceuticals, Teva and UCB; received honoraria from Medtronic, Teva, UCB, AbbVie; received grants from Brain Canada, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Edmond J Safra Philanthropic Foundation, Michael J. Fox Foundation, the Ontario Brain Institute, National Parkinson Foundation, Parkinson Society Canada, Tourette Syndrome Association, W. Garfield Weston Foundation; received publishing royalties from Saunders, Wiley-Blackwell, Johns Hopkins Press, and Cambridge University Press; and has served as an expert witness in cases related to the welding industry

Salud de los trabajadores

Actividad física y su relación con los factores de riesgo cardiovascular de carteros chilenosAnálisis de resultados: riesgos psicosociales en el trabajo Suceso-Istas 21 en Cesfam QuellónAusentismo laboral por enfermedades oftalmológicas, Chile 2009Brote de diarreas por norovirus, posterremoto-tsunami, Constitución, Región del MauleCalidad de vida en profesionales de la salud pública chilenaCaracterización del reposo laboral en personal del SSMN durante el primer semestre de 2010Concentración de nicotina en pelo en trabajadores no fumadores expuestos a humo de tabaco ambientalCondiciones de trabajo y bienestar/malestar docente en profesores de enseñanza media de SantiagoDisfunción auditiva inducida por exposición a xilenoErgonomía aplicada al estudio del síndrome de dolor lumbar en el trabajoEstimación de la frecuencia de factores de riesgo cardiovascular en trabajadores de una empresa mineraExposición a plaguicidas inhibidores de la acetilcolinesterasa en Colombia, 2006-2009Factores de riesgo y daños de salud en conductores de una empresa peruana de transporte terrestre, 2009Las consecuencias de la cultura en salud y seguridad ocupacional en una empresa mineraPercepción de cambios en la práctica médica y estrategias de afrontamientoPercepción de la calidad de vida en la Universidad del BiobíoPesos máximos aceptables para tareas de levantamiento manual de carga en población laboral femeninaRiesgo coronario en trabajadores mineros según la función de Framingham adaptada para la población chilenaTrastornos emocionales y riesgo cardiovascular en trabajadores de la salu