A syndrome of altered cardiovascular, craniofacial, neurocognitive and skeletal development caused by mutations in TGFBR1 or TGFBR2

A

QCD and strongly coupled gauge theories : challenges and perspectives

We highlight the progress, current status, and open challenges of QCD-driven physics, in theory and in experiment. We discuss how the strong interaction is intimately connected to a broad sweep of physical problems, in settings ranging from astrophysics and cosmology to strongly coupled, complex systems in particle and condensed-matter physics, as well as to searches for physics beyond the Standard Model. We also discuss how success in describing the strong interaction impacts other fields, and, in turn, how such subjects can impact studies of the strong interaction. In the course of the work we offer a perspective on the many research streams which flow into and out of QCD, as well as a vision for future developments.Peer reviewe

Familial thoracic aortic dilation and bicommissural aortic valve: A prospective analysis of natural history and inheritance

10.1002/ajmg.a.31872American Journal of Medical Genetics, Part A143171960-1967AJMG

Cardiovascular CT angiography in neonates and children:Image quality and potential for radiation dose reduction with iterative image reconstruction techniques

<p>To evaluate image quality (IQ) of low-radiation-dose paediatric cardiovascular CT angiography (CTA), comparing iterative reconstruction in image space (IRIS) and sinogram-affirmed iterative reconstruction (SAFIRE) with filtered back-projection (FBP) and estimate the potential for further dose reductions.</p><p>Forty neonates and children underwent low radiation CTA with or without ECG synchronisation. Data were reconstructed with FBP, IRIS and SAFIRE. For ECG-synchronised studies, half-dose image acquisitions were simulated. Signal noise was measured and IQ graded. Effective dose (ED) was estimated.</p><p>Mean absolute and relative image noise with IRIS and full-dose SAFIRE was lower than with FBP (P <0.001), while SNR and CNR were higher (P <0.001). Image noise was also lower and SNR and CNR higher in half-dose SAFIRE studies compared with full-and half-dose FBP studies (P <0.001). IQ scores were higher for IRIS, full-dose SAFIRE and half-dose SAFIRE than for full-dose FBP and higher for half-dose SAFIRE than for half-dose FBP (P <0.05). Median weight-specific ED was 0.3 mSv without and 1.36 mSv with ECG synchronisation. The estimated ED of half-dose SAFIRE studies was 0.68 mSv.</p><p>IR improves image noise, SNR, CNR and subjective IQ compared with FBP in low-radiation-dose paediatric CTA and allows further dose reductions without compromising diagnostic IQ.</p><p>aEuro cent Iterative reconstruction techniques significantly improve non-invasive cardiovascular CT in children.</p><p>aEuro cent Using half traditional radiation dose image quality is higher with iterative reconstruction.</p><p>aEuro cent Iterative reconstruction techniques may allow further radiation reductions in paediatric cardiovascular CT.</p>