CONSUMO DE EDULCORANTES ARTIFICIAIS POR GESTANTES E NUTRIZES DO TOCANTINS

The current scenario of human food indicates an increasing increase in the consumption of industrialized and ultra-processed products, as well as artificially sweetened products that, initially formulated to meet the needs of the diabetic population, today meet the population's tendency to reduce and control the consumption of calories. Despite being considered safe by health authorities, they are contraindicated during pregnancy and lactation. In order to know the use and quantify the total daily consumption of artificial sweeteners by pregnant women and lactating mothers, data were collected on food consumption, evaluating which products contained sweeteners in their composition and their respective levels in relation to individual daily consumption. and analysis with acceptable daily intake (ADI). Of the 161 food records collected, 89 were pregnant women and 72 nursing mothers, and it was possible to quantify the consumption of sweeteners by 9 of the pregnant women and 15 of the nursing mothers. No consumption was found above the acceptable daily intake for any of the participants. In view of the above, the importance of nutritional monitoring with conscious guidance and recommendations is emphasized.El escenario actual de la alimentación humana indica un consumo creciente de productos industrializados y ultraprocesados, así como de productos endulzados artificialmente que, inicialmente formulados para satisfacer las necesidades de la población diabética, hoy responden a la tendencia de la población a reducir y controlar el consumo de calorías. . Aunque las autoridades sanitarias las consideran seguras, están contraindicadas en el embarazo y la lactancia. Para conocer el uso y cuantificar el consumo diario total de edulcorantes artificiales por parte de mujeres embarazadas y lactantes, se recogieron datos sobre el consumo de alimentos, evaluando qué productos contenían edulcorantes en su composición y sus respectivos niveles en relación al consumo diario individual y análisis con ingesta diaria aceptable (IDA). De los 161 retiros recogidos, 89 eran embarazadas y 72 lactantes, y fue posible cuantificar el consumo de edulcorantes por 9 de las embarazadas y 15 de las lactantes. No se encontró un consumo por encima de la ingesta diaria aceptable para ninguno de los participantes. En vista de lo anterior, se destaca la importancia del seguimiento nutricional con orientación y recomendaciones conscientes.O cenário atual da alimentação humana indica um aumento crescente do consumo de produtos industrializados e ultraprocessados, bem como produtos artificialmente adoçados que, inicialmente formulados para suprir às necessidades da população diabética, hoje atendem a tendência da população em reduzir e controlar o consumo de calorias. Apesar de consideradas seguras pelas autoridades de saúde, são contraindicadas na gestação e lactação. Com o objetivo de conhecer a utilização e quantificar o consumo diário total de edulcorantes artificiais por gestantes e lactantes, foi realizada a coleta de dados sobre o consumo alimentar, avaliando quais produtos continham edulcorantes em sua composição e seus, respectivos teores diante do consumo diário individual e análise com a ingestão diária aceitável (IDA). Dos 161 recordatórios coletados, 89 eram gestantes e 72 nutrizes, sendo possível quantificar o consumo de edulcorantes por 9 das gestantes e 15 das nutrizes. Não foi encontrado consumo acima da ingestão diária aceitável para nenhuma das participantes. Em face do exposto, ressalta-se a importância do acompanhamento nutricional com orientações e recomendações conscientes.&nbsp

Regulação em saúde e epistemologia política: contribuições da Ciência Pós-Normal para enfrentar as incertezas

Este estudo teórico-conceitual considera a regulação em saúde como uma ação complexa que lida com uma pluralidade de perspectivas em situações com inúmeras incertezas existentes. A regulação em saúde possui finalidade de proteger a saúde da população na defesa do interesse público, sendo a dimensão da qualidade do conhecimento central para a tomada de decisões. Nessa perspectiva, o artigo possui como objetivo discutir as contribuições teórico-metodológicas da Ciência Pós-Normal para tal regulação, abordagem que aprofunda e propõe estratégias de gestão de temas complexos relacionados à interface ciência-política. Destaca aspectos que a ciência tradicional tende a desconsiderar como as incertezas, o peso dos valores e a pluralidade de perspectivas legítimas frente à qualidade dos tomadas de decisão, justificando a relevância dos processos participativos em uma perspectiva democrática e epistemológica. Conclui-se que a incorporação das estratégias metodológicas da Ciência Pós-Normal pode contribuir para a atividade regulatória em saúde por integrar epistemologia e política, ampliando a qualidade das decisões regulatórias

Identificação de cultivares de batata por marcadores moleculares

The objective of this work was to evaluate a set of microsatellite markers for varietal identification and characterization of the most widespread potato cultivars in Brazil. The DNA from 14 potato cultivars was genotyped using microsatellite markers and the alleles were scored in silver-stained polyacrylamide gel. Twenty-four microsatellite markers were evaluated, and only one locus was monomorphic. Based on band patterns, a set of two microsatellites that were able to identify and differentiate all examined cultivars was obtained.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar um conjunto de marcadores microssatélites para identificação e caracterização varietal das cultivares de batata mais amplamente utilizadas no Brasil. O DNA das 14 variedades de batata foi genotipado com marcadores microssatélites, e os alelos foram visualizados em gel de poliacrilamida corado com prata. Vinte e quatro marcadores foram avaliados e apenas um loco foi monomórfico. Com base no padrão de bandas, foi obtido um conjunto com dois microssatélites capazes de identificar e diferenciar todas as cultivares analisadas.11011

Genetic diversity analysis among pigeonpea genotypes adapted to South American regions based on microsatellite markers

The pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L) Millspaugh] is one of the most important perennial legume crops utilized in the food, fodder, soil conservation, crop-livestock integrated systems, reclaiming of degraded pastures and symbiotic nitrogen fixation. Microsatellite markers were used to estimate the genetic diversity of 77 pigeonpea genotypes selected from the germplasm collections at Embrapa Cattle-Southeast and, to evaluate their transferability to Phaseolus vulgaris and Vigna unguiculata species. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to12, with an average of 5.1 alleles. The PIC values ranged from 0.11 to 0.80 (average 0.49) and the D values from 0.23 to 0.91 (average 0.58). The averages of observed and expected heterozygosity were 0.25 and 0.47, respectively, showing a deficit in heterozygosity. A model-based Bayesian approach implemented in the software STRUCTURE was used to assign genotypes into clusters. A dendrogram was constructed based on the modified Roger's genetic distances using a neighbor-joining method (NJ). A total of four clusters were assembled by STRUCTURE and a strong tendency of correspondence between the Bayesian clusters in the NJ tree was observed. The genetic distance ranged from 0.09 to 0.62 (average 0.37), showing a low genetic diversity in the pigeonpea genotypes. Transferability of pigeonpea-specific microsatellites revealed a cross-amplification and the presence of polymorphic alleles in P. vulgaris and V. unguiculata

Desempenho motor de crianças HIV positivas

Evidence indicates that HIV-positive children have a lower motor performance compared to uninfected children. The analysis of the factors that determine these changes is very important for the implementation of rehabilitation strategies. Objective: To analyze the motor development of seropositive children and compare it to the performance of healthy children with normal neuropsycomotor development. Materials and Methods: Eight children were evaluated, aged between four and six years, divided into two groups: Group I (n = 4) composed of HIV-positive children without any secondary disease and Group II (n = 4) composed of healthy children, matched to Group I by sex and age. The Peabody Developmental Motor Scales (PDMS-2) for gross motor function and fine motor function were used to evaluate motor performance. Results: In both groups, most of the children presented an average or above average motor performance, according to normal data of PDMS-2. The analysis indicated no inter-group differences in the gross scores (p > 0,05, Mann-Whitney test) or motor quotients (p> 0.05, Mann-Whitney test). However, intra-group analysis indicated a marginally significant difference between motor quotients (p = 0,07, Wilcoxon test), with higher fine motor quotient in both groups. Conclusion: The data suggest no significant difference between the motor performance of HIV-positive children and healthy children. These results contribute to the analysis of motor development of HIV-positive children, raising questions about factors that may influence the motor development of these children2916170Evidências indicam que crianças soropositivas apresentam um desempenho motor inferior ao de crianças não infectadas. A análise dos fatores que determinam essas alterações é de extrema importância para a implementação de estratégias de reabilitação. Objetivo: Analisar o desempenho motor de crianças soropositivas e compará-lo ao desempenho de crianças saudáveis, com desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor normal. Materiais e Métodos: Foram avaliadas 08 crianças, com idade entre 4 e 6 anos, divididas em dois grupos: Grupo I (n = 04) composto por indivíduos HIV positivo sem presença de qualquer tipo de doença secundária e o Grupo II ( n = 04) composto por crianças saudáveis, pareadas ao Grupo I quanto ao sexo e idade. As escalas de função motora grossa e função motora fina da Peabody Developmental Motor Scales (PDMS-2) foram utilizadas para avaliação do desempenho motor. Resultados: Em ambos os grupos, a maioria das crianças, apresentou desempenho motor na média ou acima da média, segundo os dados normativos da PDMS-2. A análise inter-grupos não indicou diferenças quanto aos escores brutos (p > 0,05; teste de Mann-Whitney) ou quocientes motores(p > 0,05; teste de Mann-Whitney). Entretanto, a análise intra-grupos indicou uma diferença marginalmente significativa entre os quocientes motores (p = 0,07; teste Wilcoxon), com valores mais elevados do quociente motor fino em ambos os grupos. Conclusão: Os dados sugerem que pode não haver diferença significativa entre o desempenho motor de crianças HIV positivo e crianças saudáveis. Estes resultados contribuem para a análise do desenvolvimento motor de crianças soropositivas, levantando questões sobre fatores que podem influenciar o desenvolvimento motor destas criança

An institutional framework for Bioinputs in Brazilian agriculture based on Ecological Economics

In search of sustainability, new patterns for production or consumption have been created in opposition to conventional products, such as biological inputs or "bioinputs". They are products, processes or technologies of animal, plant or microbial origin which can positively affect agricultural production. The adherence of rural producers to sustainable and economic agricultural practices, which use bioinputs, is growing in Brazil. They have been encouraged to adopt these products because of the existence of the National Bioinputs Program, created in 2020. The results show that several benefits have been associated with their use. However, inadequate handling can bring negative externalities that could be avoided. It requires an institutional framework to guide the country's production and use of bioinputs. This article proposes a new institutional framework based on ecological economics and institutionalism, considering Brazil's sociopolitical and environmental situation.In search of sustainability, new patterns for production or consumption have been created in opposition to conventional products, such as biological inputs or "bioinputs". They are products, processes or technologies of animal, plant or microbial origin which can positively affect agricultural production. The adherence of rural producers to sustainable and economic agricultural practices, which use bioinputs, is growing in Brazil. They have been encouraged to adopt these products because of the existence of the National Bioinputs Program, created in 2020. The results show that several benefits have been associated with their use. However, inadequate handling can bring negative externalities that could be avoided. It requires an institutional framework to guide the country's production and use of bioinputs. This article proposes a new institutional framework based on ecological economics and institutionalism, considering Brazil's sociopolitical and environmental situation.In search of sustainability, new patterns for production or consumption have been created in opposition to conventional products, such as biological inputs or "bioinputs". They are products, processes or technologies of animal, plant or microbial origin which can positively affect agricultural production. The adherence of rural producers to sustainable and economic agricultural practices, which use bioinputs, is growing in Brazil. They have been encouraged to adopt these products because of the existence of the National Bioinputs Program, created in 2020. The results show that several benefits have been associated with their use. However, inadequate handling can bring negative externalities that could be avoided. It requires an institutional framework to guide the country's production and use of bioinputs. This article proposes a new institutional framework based on ecological economics and institutionalism, considering Brazil's sociopolitical and environmental situation.In search of sustainability, new patterns for production or consumption have been created in opposition to conventional products, such as biological inputs or "bioinputs". They are products, processes or technologies of animal, plant or microbial origin which can positively affect agricultural production. The adherence of rural producers to sustainable and economic agricultural practices, which use bioinputs, is growing in Brazil. They have been encouraged to adopt these products because of the existence of the National Bioinputs Program, created in 2020. The results show that several benefits have been associated with their use. However, inadequate handling can bring negative externalities that could be avoided. It requires an institutional framework to guide the country's production and use of bioinputs. This article proposes a new institutional framework based on ecological economics and institutionalism, considering Brazil's sociopolitical and environmental situation

A New Complex of Palladium(II) With 2-Furoic Hydrazide: Synthesis, Characterization, Theoretical Calculations and Biological Studies

A new complex of palladium was isolated with 2-furoic hydrazide (FH) and characterized by spectroscopic methods. The results show that the ligand is coordinated to palladium by the basic nitrogen of NH2 group and has a general structure of type cis-[Pd(FH)2Cl2]. The structure of palladium(II) complex was optimized and theoretical data show good agreement with the experimental results. The cytotoxic activity was evaluated in a chronic myelogenous leukemia cell line, which revealed that the compound is less active than cisplatin or carboplatin. At 300 g mL−1, the complex presented antimicrobial activity more efficient than ampicillin, chloranfenicol and kanamicyn. (doi: 10.5562/cca2151

CARBON AND PHOSPHORUS BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES IN NATIVE FOREST AND HORTICULTURAL AREAS IN THE METROPOLITAN REGION OF CURITIBA, BRAZIL

This study was carried out to verify if the different phosphate fractions in the soil affect the soil microbial biomass. Soil samples were collected from native forest and horticultural areas, in four municipalities in the Metropolitan Region of Curitiba, Brazil, and evaluated for: carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) of microbial biomass (MBC, MBN and MBP, respectively), total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), inorganic phosphorus (iP), organic phosphorus (oP) and available phosphorus (aP. Soil suspensions diluted at 10-4 were spread on plates and phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) were counted. The analyses showed that horticultural areas soils accumulated 43% more TP whereas they lost 23% of TOC and 19% of TN comparing to native areas. 69% of TP in the native areas was organic (oP) whereas 59% of TP in the horticultural areas was inorganic (iP). Horticultural areas had lower numbers of colony forming unities of PSB than native areas.  PSB was positively correlated with the ratio of MBC to TOC (qMic), which in turn, was negatively correlated with TOC and TN. Changes in the soil oP fraction suggested a shift in the soil community bacterial structure and in the values of soil microbial biomass, which may have contributed to lower soil organic matter in the horticultural areas.Este estudo foi conduzido para verificar se as diferentes frações de fosfato do solo afetam a biomassa microbiana do solo Amostras de solo foram coletadas em áreas de floresta nativa e horticultura, em quatro municípios da Região Metropolitana de Curitiba, Brasil, e avaliadas quanto a: carbono (C), nitrogênio (N) e fósforo (P) da biomassa microbiana (MBC , MBN e MBP, respectivamente), carbono orgânico total (TOC), nitrogênio total (TN), fósforo total (TP), fósforo inorgânico (iP), fósforo orgânico (oP) e fósforo disponível (aP), As suspensões de solo diluídas em 10-4 foram espalhadas em placas e as bactérias solubilizadoras de fosfato (PSB) foram contadas. As análises mostraram que os solos das áreas de horticultura acumularam 43% a mais de TP enquanto perderam 23% de TOC e 19% de TN em comparação com as áreas nativas. 69% do TP nas áreas nativas era orgânico (oP) enquanto 59% do TP nas áreas de horticultura era inorgânico (iP). As áreas de horticultura apresentaram menor número de unidades formadoras de colônias de PSB do que as áreas nativas. PSB foi positivamente correlacionado com a razão de MBC para TOC (qMic), que por sua vez, foi negativamente correlacionado com TOC e TN. Mudanças na fração de oP do solo sugeriram uma mudança na estrutura bacteriana da comunidade do solo e nos valores de biomassa microbiana do solo, o que pode ter contribuído para reduzir a material orgânica do solo nas áreas de horticultura