15 research outputs found
Effect of Erythrina mulungu on anxiety during extraction of third molars
Objectives: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of
Erythrina mulungu
on the control of dental
anxiety in patients who had under gone bilateral extraction of asymptomatic, impacted mandibular third molars.
Material and Methods: In a randomized, double-blind, crossover study, 30 healthy volunteers (5 men and 25 wom
-
en, over 18 years of age), received either 500mg of
E.mulungu
(Mulungu Matusa®) or 500 mg of placebo, p.o., one
hour before surgical procedure. The level ofanxiety was assessed through questionnaire sand physical parameters,
such as blood pressure, heart rate andoxygen saturation. Data were analyzed by Chi-square test, ANOVA (Tukey
test) and Friedman with significance level of 5%.
Results: A higher preference (Chi-square,
p
= 0.0062) for
E. mulungu
was observed for both genders. Volunteers
with higher anxiety levels tended to to prefer
E. mulungu
. No statistically significant differences were verified in
blood pressure (one-way ANOVA,
p
= 0.1259), heart rate (Friedman,
p
> 0.05) and oxygen saturation (Friedman,
p
= 0.7664) among periods and types of treatments.
Conclusions:
E. mulungu
showed an anxiolytic effect without significant changes in physiological parameters. It
could be considered as an alternative to control the anxiety in adult patients undergoing mandibular thirdmolars
su rger
Comparative study of two anaesthetic protocols involving conventional and Vazirani-Akinosi alveolar inferior nerve block for lower third molar extraction
INTRODUCTION: The inferior alveolar nerve block has a high percentage of failure in dentistry. To improve this ratio, has been studied different alternatives, as different techniques, as well as anesthetics.OBJECTIVE:Evaluate two different techniques (conventional technique and Vazirani-Akinosi) for inferior alveolar nerve block, and compare them regarding their effectiveness and quantify the percentage of positive aspirations in both techniques.MATERIAL AND METHOD: 160 patients were evaluated for both sex, with 80 undergoing Vazirani-Akinosi technique plus buccal nerve block (G1), and 80 to conventional inferior alveolar nerve block plus buccal nerve block (G2), both groups using a combination of 4% articaine with 1:100.000 epinephrine to buccal nerve block and 2% lidocaine with 1:100.000 epinephrine to inferior alveolar nerve block. We evaluated the amount of positive aspirations, the effectiveness or not of anesthesia (pain) and when it occurred during the surgical procedure.RESULT:There were no statistically significant differences (p = 0.2453) between G1 and G2 observing the positive aspiration. It was obtained efficiency of 90% for both techniques.CONCLUSION: No significant difference between the conventional alveolar inferior nerve block technique and Vazirani-Akinosi alveolar nerve block technique considering the amount of positive aspirations and efficacy, and the use of 4% articaine with 1:100.000 epinephrine in buccal nerve block possibly increased the anesthetic efficacy of both techniques.O bloqueio do nervo alveolar inferior (BNAI) apresenta alta porcentagem de falha na Odontologia. A fim de melhorar esse índice, vêm-se estudando diferentes alternativas, como diferentes técnicas e soluções anestésicas. Avaliar duas diferentes técnicas - técnica convencional e de Vazirani-Akinosi - para o bloqueio do nervo alveolar inferior, bem como compará-las quanto à sua efetividade e quantificar o percentual de aspirações positivas nas duas diferentes técnicas. Foram avaliados 160 pacientes de ambos os sexos, sendo 80 submetidos ao bloqueio do nervo alveolar inferior de Vazirani-Akinosi e bloqueio do nervo bucal (G1), e 80 submetidos ao bloqueio do nervo alveolar inferior convencional e ao bloqueio do nervo bucal (G2). Em ambos os grupos, utilizou-se a combinação de articaína 4% com epinefrina 1:100.000 para bloqueio do nervo bucal, e lidocaína 2% com epinefrina 1:100.000 para bloqueio do nervo alveolar inferior. Foram avaliados: a quantidade de aspirações positivas, a eficácia da anestesia e o momento em que ocorreu a falha anestésica durante o procedimento cirúrgico. Não houve diferenças estatisticamente significantes (p = 0,2453) entre os grupos G1 e G2 observando-se a eficácia e o índice de aspirações positivas, e o momento em que ocorreu a falha anestésica, observando-se uma maior eficácia de ambas as técnicas, quando comparadas com a literatura (90%). Não houve diferença significativa entre o BNAI pela técnica convencional e o BNAI pela técnica de Vazirani-Akinosi quanto a quantidade de aspirações positivas e eficácia, sendo que o uso da articaína 4% com epinefrina 1:100.000 no bloqueio do nervo bucal possivelmente aumentou a eficácia anestésica de ambas as técnicas4312429The inferior alveolar nerve block has a high percentage of failure in dentistry. To improve this ratio, has been studied different alternatives, as different techniques, as well as anesthetics. Evaluate two different techniques (conventional technique and Vazirani-Akinosi) for inferior alveolar nerve block, and compare them regarding their effectiveness and quantify the percentage of positive aspirations in both techniques. 160 patients were evaluated for both sex, with 80 undergoing Vazirani-Akinosi technique plus buccal nerve block (G1), and 80 to conventional inferior alveolar nerve block plus buccal nerve block (G2), both groups using a combination of 4% articaine with 1:100.000 epinephrine to buccal nerve block and 2% lidocaine with 1:100.000 epinephrine to inferior alveolar nerve block. We evaluated the amount of positive aspirations, the effectiveness or not of anesthesia (pain) and when it occurred during the surgical procedure. There were no statistically significant differences (p = 0.2453) between G1 and G2 observing the positive aspiration. It was obtained efficiency of 90% for both techniques. No significant difference between the conventional alveolar inferior nerve block technique and Vazirani-Akinosi alveolar nerve block technique considering the amount of positive aspirations and efficacy, and the use of 4% articaine with 1:100.000 epinephrine in buccal nerve block possibly increased the anesthetic efficacy of both technique
Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research
Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4
While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge
of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In
the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of
Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus
crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced
environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian
Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by
2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status,
much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research
Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost
Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research
Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost
Cost-effectiveness of smoking cessation therapy in smokers with periodontitis
Fumantes possuem maior prevalência e severidade da periodontite e, consequentemente, maior perda dentária. A cessação do tabagismo melhora a resposta ao tratamento periodontal e reduz a perda dentária. Diante disso, o objetivo desse estudo é avaliar a custo-efetividade da implementação da terapia de cessação de tabagismo em pacientes com periodontite na prevenção de perda dentária, quando comparada a não implementação. Foi adotada a perspectiva do sistema público de saúde do Brasil. Um modelo de Markov com 30 ciclos anuais foi conduzido para analise de custo-efetividade e a Razão de Custo-Efetividade Incremental foi calculada. Os custos da terapia de cessação (terapia cognitiva, terapia de reposição de nicotina e bupropiona 150mg), do tratamento periodontal, da terapia de manutenção e da reabilitação protética foram avaliados em relação a efetividade (perda dentária) e utilidade (escores 0 a 1). Além disso, uma análise de sensibilidade determinística e simulações de Monte-Carlo foram conduzidas. A implementação da terapia de cessação foi dominante sobre a não implementação em ambas as análises (efetividade e utilidade). A Razão de Custo-efetividade Incremental para a análise de custo-efetividade foi U 60,63 por ano de vida ajustado pela qualidade. A análise de sensibilidade comprovou a robustez dos resultados. As análises sugerem que a não implementação da terapia de cessação é dominada pela implementação, o que significa maiores ganhos de saúde e menores custos. Sendo assim, a implementação da terapia de cessação no sistema público é custo-efetiva e deve ser considerada.Smokers present higher prevalence and severity of periodontitis and, consequently, greater tooth loss. Quitting smoking is beneficial to periodontal treatment and in the reduction of tooth loss. The objective of this study was to evaluate the costeffectiveness of the implementation of smoking cessation therapy in periodontitis patients in the prevention of tooth loss, when compared to the non-implementation. The perspective of Brazilian public health system was adopted. Markov model for costeffectiveness analysis of the implementation or not of smoking cessation therapy was carried over 30 annual cycles and the Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratio was calculated. Costs of smoking cessation therapy (cognitive therapy, nicotine replacement therapy and bupropion 150mg), periodontal treatment, maintenance therapy and prosthetic treatment were evaluated in relation of effectiveness (tooth loss) and utility (score 0 to 1). In addition, deterministic and Monte-Carlo simulations were conducted for sensitivity analysis. Implementation of smoking cessation therapy was dominant over the non-implementation in both analyses (effectiveness and utility). The Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratio for cost-effectiveness analysis was U60.63 per QALY. Sensitivity analyses showed the robustness of these findings. This analysis suggests that the implementation of smoking cessation therapies is a dominant intervention over the non-implementation, meaning both greater health gains and greater costs saved. Therefore, it should be considered as a standard option for the public system
Lesões maxilofaciais: um levantamento de 762 casos da Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Brasil
Introdução : A pesquisa epidemiológica de lesões maxilofaciais em determinada região estabelece as necessidades populacionais e orienta os profissionais da saúde na definição de ações preventivas e tratamento adequado. Objetivo: Analisar os laudos histopatológicos de lesões maxilofaciais do período de 1996 a 2011 do Laboratório de Patologia Oral do Departamento de Odontologia da Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS), Brasil. Material e método: Estudo retrospectivo das biópsias realizadas de 1996 a 2011, recuperando-se os dados referentes ao gênero e à idade dos pacientes, à localização das lesões e ao diagnóstico histopatológico. As lesões foram agrupadas em: neoplasias benignas, lesões potencialmente malignas, neoplasias malignas, lesões inflamatórias, lesões odontogênicas, lesões ósseas, lesões de glândulas salivares e anomalias de desenvolvimento. Resultado: Foram analisados 762 laudos, havendo maior prevalência das lesões inflamatórias (n=205, 26,9%). O diagnóstico mais comum entre as neoplasias benignas foi a lesão periférica de células gigantes (n=15); entre as lesões potencialmente malignas, foi a displasia epitelial (n=80), e entre as neoplasias malignas, foi o carcinoma de células escamosas (n=29). Dentre as lesões inflamatórias, a lesão mais prevalente foi a hiperplasia fibrosa inflamatória (n=74). O granuloma periapical (n=62) foi a lesão mais comum dentre as lesões odontogênicas. A lesão mais prevalente dentre as lesões ósseas foi o fibroma ossificante central (n=08); entre as lesões de glândulas salivares, foi o fenômeno de retenção de muco (n=64), e entre as anomalias de desenvolvimento, foi a mácula melanocítica (n=04). Conclusão: Os achados deste levantamento salientam a importância de planos de tratamento e medidas educativas que diminuam e previnam a exposição dos pacientes a fatores de risco
Estudo comparativo entre dois protocolos anestésicos envolvendo bloqueio do nervo alveolar inferior convencional e de Vazirani-Akinosi para exodontia de terceiro molar inferior
INTRODUÇÃO: O bloqueio do nervo alveolar inferior (BNAI) apresenta alta porcentagem de falha na Odontologia. A fim de melhorar esse índice, vêm-se estudando diferentes alternativas, como diferentes técnicas e soluções anestésicas. OBJETIVO: Avaliar duas diferentes técnicas - técnica convencional e de Vazirani-Akinosi - para o bloqueio do nervo alveolar inferior, bem como compará-las quanto à sua efetividade e quantificar o percentual de aspirações positivas nas duas diferentes técnicas. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Foram avaliados 160 pacientes de ambos os sexos, sendo 80 submetidos ao bloqueio do nervo alveolar inferior de Vazirani-Akinosi e bloqueio do nervo bucal (G1), e 80 submetidos ao bloqueio do nervo alveolar inferior convencional e ao bloqueio do nervo bucal (G2). Em ambos os grupos, utilizou-se a combinação de articaína 4% com epinefrina 1:100.000 para bloqueio do nervo bucal, e lidocaína 2% com epinefrina 1:100.000 para bloqueio do nervo alveolar inferior. Foram avaliados: a quantidade de aspirações positivas, a eficácia da anestesia e o momento em que ocorreu a falha anestésica durante o procedimento cirúrgico. RESULTADO: Não houve diferenças estatisticamente significantes (p = 0,2453) entre os grupos G1 e G2 observando-se a eficácia e o índice de aspirações positivas, e o momento em que ocorreu a falha anestésica, observando-se uma maior eficácia de ambas as técnicas, quando comparadas com a literatura (90%) CONCLUSÃO: Não houve diferença significativa entre o BNAI pela técnica convencional e o BNAI pela técnica de Vazirani-Akinosi quanto a quantidade de aspirações positivas e eficácia, sendo que o uso da articaína 4% com epinefrina 1:100.000 no bloqueio do nervo bucal possivelmente aumentou a eficácia anestésica de ambas as técnicas