Elaboração e validação de escala diagramática para quantificação da mancha de isariopsis da videira Elaboration and validation o f a diagrammatic scale to quantify isariopsis leaf spot on grape

A falta de um método-padrão de quantificação visual para doenças foliares pode levar a estimativas imprecisas da severidade destas, provocando conclusões erradas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver uma escala diagramática para avaliação da mancha de isariopsis em videira causada por Isariopsis clavispora. Uma escala diagramática com seis níveis (1,60; 3,20; 6,60; 13,00; 24,10 e 40,24%) foi desenvolvida e validada para quantificar a severidade da mancha de isariopsis em videira. A validação da escala foi realizada por oito avaliadores, que estimaram a severidade de 30 folhas com diferentes intensidades de doença. Por meio de regressão linear, confrontando valores de severidade reais e estimados, foram analisadas a acurácia e a precisão dos avaliadores que utilizaram a escala diagramática. Foram constadas acurácia e precisão das estimativas visuais efetuadas com o auxílio da escala diagramática. O coeficiente de determinação das regressões foi em média superior a 0,89, e os erros absolutos foram concentrados dentro de limites aceitáveis. Os níveis de acurácia, precisão e reprodutibilidade das mensurações da severidade da mancha de isariopsis da videira melhoraram com o uso da escala diagramática. A escala proposta mostrou-se adequada para avaliação da severidade da mancha de isariopsis da videira.<br>The lack of a standardized visual method may lead to inaccurate severity estimative and wrong conclusions. The objective of this research was to develop a diagrammatic scale to assess the severity of grape isariopsis leaf spot on grape, caused by Isariopsis clavispora. A diagrammatic scale with six levels of disease severity (1.60; 3.20; 6.60; 13.00; 24.10 e 40.24%) was developed and validated to assess grape isariopsis leaf spot. For validation, the severity of 30 leaves presenting different intensities of the disease was estimated by eight raters. Accuracy and precision were determined by linear regression and by the actual severity scale. This one provided good levels of accuracy and accuracy of visual estimation. The coefficient determination average was higher than 0.89, and absolute errors were lower than acceptable limits. The levels of accuracy, precision and reproducibility measurements of isariopsis leaf spot severity on grape significantly improved with the use of diagrammatic scale. The proposed diagrammatic scale proved to be adequate for severity assessments of grape isariopsis leaf spot

Erratum: Antimicrobials: A global alliance for optimizing their rational use in intra-abdominal infections (AGORA). [World J Emerg Surg. 11, (2016) (33)] DOI: 10.1186/s13017-016-0089-y

The original article [1] contains an error whereby a co-author, Boris Sakakushev has their family name spelt incorrectly as &apos;Sakakhushev&apos;. The authors would therefore like it known that the correct spelling of the family name is &apos;Sakakushev&apos;. © The Author(s)

Observation of triple J/ψ meson production in proton-proton collisions

Protons consist of three valence quarks, two up-quarks and one down-quark, held together by gluons and a sea of quark-antiquark pairs. Collectively, quarks and gluons are referred to as partons. In a proton-proton collision, typically only one parton of each proton undergoes a hard scattering – referred to as single-parton scattering – leaving the remainder of each proton only slightly disturbed. Here, we report the study of double- and triple-parton scatterings through the simultaneous production of three J/ψ mesons, which consist of a charm quark-antiquark pair, in proton-proton collisions recorded with the CMS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. We observed this process – reconstructed through the decays of J/ψ mesons into pairs of oppositely charged muons – with a statistical significance above five standard deviations. We measured the inclusive fiducial cross-section to be 272−104+141(stat)±17(syst)fb, and compared it to theoretical expectations for triple-J/ψ meson production in single-, double- and triple-parton scattering scenarios. Assuming factorization of multiple hard-scattering probabilities in terms of single-parton scattering cross-sections, double- and triple-parton scattering are the dominant contributions for the measured process

Search for new heavy resonances decaying to WW, WZ, ZZ, WH, or ZH boson pairs in the all-jets final state in proton-proton collisions at s=13TeV

A search for new heavy resonances decaying to WW, WZ, ZZ, WH, or ZH boson pairs in the all-jets final state is presented. The analysis is based on proton-proton collision data recorded by the CMS detector in 2016–2018 at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV at the CERN LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138fb−1. The search is sensitive to resonances with masses between 1.3 and 6TeV, decaying to bosons that are highly Lorentz-boosted such that each of the bosons forms a single large-radius jet. Machine learning techniques are employed to identify such jets. No significant excess over the estimated standard model background is observed. A maximum local significance of 3.6 standard deviations, corresponding to a global significance of 2.3 standard deviations, is observed at masses of 2.1 and 2.9 TeV. In a heavy vector triplet model, spin-1 Z′ and W′ resonances with masses below 4.8TeV are excluded at the 95% confidence level (CL). These limits are the most stringent to date. In a bulk graviton model, spin-2 gravitons and spin-0 radions with masses below 1.4 and 2.7TeV, respectively, are excluded at 95% CL. Production of heavy resonances through vector boson fusion is constrained with upper cross section limits at 95% CL as low as 0.1fb

Measurement of the tt¯ charge asymmetry in events with highly Lorentz-boosted top quarks in pp collisions at s=13 TeV

The measurement of the charge asymmetry in top quark pair events with highly Lorentz-boosted top quarks decaying to a single lepton and jets is presented. The analysis is performed using proton-proton collisions at s=13TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb−1. The selection is optimized for top quarks produced with large Lorentz boosts, resulting in nonisolated leptons and overlapping jets. The top quark charge asymmetry is measured for events with a tt¯ invariant mass larger than 750 GeV and corrected for detector and acceptance effects using a binned maximum likelihood fit. The measured top quark charge asymmetry of (0.42−0.69+0.64)% is in good agreement with the standard model prediction at next-to-next-to-leading order in quantum chromodynamic perturbation theory with next-to-leading-order electroweak corrections. The result is also presented for two invariant mass ranges, 750–900 and >900GeV

Study of azimuthal anisotropy of ϒ(1S) mesons in pPb collisions at sNN = 8.16 TeV

The azimuthal anisotropy of Image 1 mesons in high-multiplicity proton-lead collisions is studied using data collected by the CMS experiment at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 8.16TeV. The Image 1 mesons are reconstructed using their dimuon decay channel. The anisotropy is characterized by the second Fourier harmonic coefficients, found using a two-particle correlation technique, in which the Image 1 mesons are correlated with charged hadrons. A large pseudorapidity gap is used to suppress short-range correlations. Nonflow contamination from the dijet background is removed using a low-multiplicity subtraction method, and the results are presented as a function of Image 1 transverse momentum. The azimuthal anisotropies are smaller than those found for charmonia in proton-lead collisions at the same collision energy, but are consistent with values found for Image 1 mesons in lead-lead interactions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV

Measurement of the Bs0→μ+μ− decay properties and search for the B0 → μ+μ− decay in proton-proton collisions at s=13TeV

Measurements are presented of the Bs0→μ+μ− branching fraction and effective lifetime, as well as results of a search for the B0→μ+μ− decay in proton-proton collisions at s=13TeV at the LHC. The analysis is based on data collected with the CMS detector in 2016–2018 corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 140fb−1. The branching fraction of the Bs0→μ+μ− decay and the effective Bs0 meson lifetime are the most precise single measurements to date. No evidence for the B0→μ+μ− decay has been found. All results are found to be consistent with the standard model predictions and previous measurements