Final version of the software running operationally for the demonstration

This report includes the description and the manuals (both at User and Administrator level) for the OSPAC service and its application

CMEMS downscaled circulation operational forecast system

This document describes the numerical modelling work done in task 5.2 needed to implement OSPA

Copernicus Ocean State Report, issue 6

The 6th issue of the Copernicus OSR incorporates a large range of topics for the blue, white and green ocean for all European regional seas, and the global ocean over 1993–2020 with a special focus on 2020

Hyperoxemia and excess oxygen use in early acute respiratory distress syndrome : Insights from the LUNG SAFE study

Publisher Copyright: © 2020 The Author(s). Copyright: Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Background: Concerns exist regarding the prevalence and impact of unnecessary oxygen use in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We examined this issue in patients with ARDS enrolled in the Large observational study to UNderstand the Global impact of Severe Acute respiratory FailurE (LUNG SAFE) study. Methods: In this secondary analysis of the LUNG SAFE study, we wished to determine the prevalence and the outcomes associated with hyperoxemia on day 1, sustained hyperoxemia, and excessive oxygen use in patients with early ARDS. Patients who fulfilled criteria of ARDS on day 1 and day 2 of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure were categorized based on the presence of hyperoxemia (PaO2 > 100 mmHg) on day 1, sustained (i.e., present on day 1 and day 2) hyperoxemia, or excessive oxygen use (FIO2 ≥ 0.60 during hyperoxemia). Results: Of 2005 patients that met the inclusion criteria, 131 (6.5%) were hypoxemic (PaO2 < 55 mmHg), 607 (30%) had hyperoxemia on day 1, and 250 (12%) had sustained hyperoxemia. Excess FIO2 use occurred in 400 (66%) out of 607 patients with hyperoxemia. Excess FIO2 use decreased from day 1 to day 2 of ARDS, with most hyperoxemic patients on day 2 receiving relatively low FIO2. Multivariate analyses found no independent relationship between day 1 hyperoxemia, sustained hyperoxemia, or excess FIO2 use and adverse clinical outcomes. Mortality was 42% in patients with excess FIO2 use, compared to 39% in a propensity-matched sample of normoxemic (PaO2 55-100 mmHg) patients (P = 0.47). Conclusions: Hyperoxemia and excess oxygen use are both prevalent in early ARDS but are most often non-sustained. No relationship was found between hyperoxemia or excessive oxygen use and patient outcome in this cohort. Trial registration: LUNG-SAFE is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02010073publishersversionPeer reviewe

Using instant messaging for collaborative learning: A case study

In the spring of 2003, I became intrigued by the use of instant messaging (IM) when one of my English as a Second Language (ESL) students urged me to buy a webcam and sign up for Yahoo! Messenger so that we could chat and see each other during her night shift at work where she processed orders online. Encouraged by studies in corporate settings that showed the extensive use of IM for quick task-related consultations among co-workers (Poe 2001), and as a means of manipulating social distance between subordinates and superiors (Quan-Haase, Cothrel, and Wellman 2005), I spent time learning how to communicate effectively with colleagues and students using the text, video, and audio components of various IM applications. I soon realized the potential pedagogical benefits of the various modalities of IM for ESL and foreign language learning by enabling instructors to interact with and provide immediate feedback to students in the second language. In this article, I describe the results of a pilot study involving the provision of corrective feedback to ESL learners through collaborative work utilizing the text-based chat and audio features of Yahoo! Messenger (Yahoo IM), a form of synchronous desktop videoconferencing (DVC). I also discuss the implications of such studies for enhancing language learning outside of traditional contexts and possibly encouraging connectivity and informal collaboration with colleagues and students. Second Language Acquisition and Computer-Mediated Communication Principles and Strategies of Second Language Acquisition Second language acquisition (SLA) research in the past two decades has shown that the negotiation of linguistic input between learner and interlocutor facilitates the acquisition of a second or foreign language. In negotiated interaction, interlocutors and second language (L2) learners focus primarily on the meaning of messages; that is, they try to reach mutual understanding of a message through lexical, phonological, semantic, or morphosyntactic modifications by utilizing clarification requests, repetitions, and elaborations. Thus language learners need meaningful linguistic input and ample opportunities to negotiate both linguistic form (e.g., morphosyntax, vocabulary) and message meaning contextually with native-speakers or more advanced learners of the target language (Pica 1998). In turn, the process of negotiated interaction may entail two forms of evidence provided to learners so that they may subsequently correct their L2 errors: positive evidence and negative evidence. Positive evidence consists of direct information that shows which strings of words are grammatical or possible in the target language, whereas negative evidence consists of direct or indirect information about what is not grammatical or possible in the target language. While some researchers such as Pinker Focus-on-form (FonF) studies of second-and foreign-language classrooms have shown that teachers provide negative evidence to learners that fosters uptake or student response in meaning-focused lessons or activities Adapting Computer-Mediated Communication to Language Learning Context