Neotropical termite microbiomes as sources of novel plant cell wall degrading enzymes

Romero Victorica, Matías. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO). Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina.Soria, Marcelo Abel. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Biología Aplicada y Alimentos. Cátedra de Microbiología Agrícola. Buenos Aires, Argentina.Batista García, Ramón Alberto. Universidad Autónoma del Estado Morelos. Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas. Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular. Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.Ceja Navarro, Javier A. Biological Systems and Engineering Division. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. Berkeley, California, USA.Vikram, Surendra. Department Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology. Centre for Microbial Ecology and Genomics. University of Pretoria. Pretoria, South Africa.Ortiz, Maximiliano. University of Pretoria. Centre for Microbial Ecology and Genomics. Genetics and Microbiology. Pretoria, South Africa.Ontañon, Ornella. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO). Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina.Ghio, Silvina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO). Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina.14In this study, we used shotgun metagenomic sequencing to characterise the microbial metabolic potential for lignocellulose transformation in the gut of two colonies of Argentine higher termite species with diferent feeding habits, Cortaritermes fulviceps and Nasutitermes aquilinus. Our goal was to assess the microbial community compositions and metabolic capacity, and to identify genes involved in lignocellulose degradation. Individuals from both termite species contained the same fve dominant bacterial phyla (Spirochaetes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Fibrobacteres and Bacteroidetes) although with diferent relative abundances. However, detected functional capacity varied, with C. fulviceps (a grass-wood-feeder) gut microbiome samples containing more genes related to amino acid metabolism, whereas N. aquilinus (a wood-feeder) gut microbiome samples were enriched in genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism and cellulose degradation. The C. fulviceps gut microbiome was enriched specifcally in genes coding for debranching- and oligosaccharide-degrading enzymes. These fndings suggest an association between the primary food source and the predicted categories of the enzymes present in the gut microbiomes of each species. To further investigate the termite microbiomes as sources of biotechnologically relevant glycosyl hydrolases, a putative GH10 endo-β-1,4- xylanase, Xyl10E, was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. Functional analysis of the recombinant metagenome-derived enzyme showed high specifcity towards beechwood xylan (288.1 IU/mg), with the optimum activity at 50°C and a pH-activity range from 5 to 10. These characteristics suggest that Xy110E may be a promising candidate for further development in lignocellulose deconstruction applications

On the Assessment of Information Quality in Spanish Wikipedia

Featured Articles (FA) are considered to be the best articles that Wikipedia has to offer and in the last years, researchers have found interesting to analyze whether and how they can be distinguished from “ordinary” articles. Likewise, identifying what issues have to be enhanced or fixed in ordinary articles in order to improve their quality is a recent key research trend. Most of the approaches developed in these research trends have been proposed for the English Wikipedia. However, few efforts have been accomplished in Spanish Wikipedia, despite being Spanish, one of the most spoken languages in the world by native speakers. In this respect, we present a first breakdown of Spanish Wikipedia’s quality flaw structure. Besides, we carry out a study to automatically assess information quality in Spanish Wikipedia, where FA identification is evaluated as a binary classification task. The results obtained show that FA identification can be performed with an F1 score of 0.81, using a document model consisting of only twenty six features and AdaBoosted C4.5 decision trees as classification algorithm.XIII Workshop Bases de datos y Minería de Datos (WBDMD)Red de Universidades con Carreras en Informática (RedUNCI

Towards Information Quality Assurance in Spanish: Wikipedia

Featured Articles (FA) are considered to be the best articles that Wikipedia has to offer and in the last years, researchers have found interesting to analyze whether and how they can be distinguished from “ordinary” articles. Likewise, identifying what issues have to be enhanced or fixed in ordinary articles in order to improve their quality is a recent key research trend. Most of the approaches developed to face these information quality problems have been proposed for the English Wikipedia. However, few efforts have been accomplished in Spanish Wikipedia, despite being Spanish, one of the most spoken languages in the world by native speakers. In this respect, we present a breakdown of Spanish Wikipedia’s quality flaw structure. Besides, we carry out studies with three different corpora to automatically assess information quality in Spanish Wikipedia, where FA identification is evaluated as a binary classification task. Our evaluation on a unified setting allows to compare with the English version, the performance achieved by our approach on the Spanish version. The best results obtained show that FA identification in Spanish, can be performed with an F1 score of 0.88 using a document model consisting of only twenty six features and Support Vector Machine as classification algorithm.Facultad de Informátic

Agricultura de precisión en el cultivo de maíz

Trabajo Final Integrador (Área de Consolidación Métodos Cuantitativos para la Investigación Agropecuaria) -- UNC- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, 2018A partir de datos de rendimiento recabados por productores argentinos y estadounidenses mediante herramientas de agricultura de precisión, se puede llevar a cabo un manejo óptimo de los recursos escasos de la producción agropecuaria. Vincular datos de rendimiento geoposicionados al tipo de suelo y análisis de fertilidad de cada una de las unidades de producción; permiten al momento de la siembra ajustar la dosis de fertilizante nitrogenado y densidad de siembra en función de la aptitud micro ambiental de cada lote. A través de Modelos Lineales Mixtos se evaluó la respuesta del cultivo de maíz frente a los cambios de dosis de fertilizante nitrogenado y densidad de siembra. Para obtener la ecuación de rendimiento y realizar los cálculos económicos que determinan el margen bruto para cada situación, se ajustaron regresiones. Los resultados obtenidos indican que la generación del rendimiento en maíz depende de la interacción entre la densidad de siembra y dosis de fertilización nitrogenada. Alcanzar el óptimo de rendimiento físico, no coincide con el rendimiento que genera el mayor margen bruto; esto muestra que la importancia de conocer el óptimo económico para evitar incorporar fertilizantes en excesos que aumenten el riesgo económico y ambiental

Efficacy Studies of a Trivalent Vaccine Containing PCV-2a, PCV-2b Genotypes and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae When Administered at 3 Days of Age and 3 Weeks Later against Porcine Circovirus 2 (PCV-2) Infection

Four studies under preclinical and clinical conditions were performed to evaluate the efficacy of a new trivalent vaccine against Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV-2) infection. The product contained inactivated PCV-1/PCV-2a (cPCV-2a) and PCV-1/PCV-2b (cPCV-2b) chimeras, plus M. hyopneumoniae inactivated cell-free antigens, which was administered to piglets in a two-dose regime at 3 days of age and 3 weeks later. The overall results of preclinical and clinical studies show a significant reduction in PCV-2 viraemia and faecal excretion, and lower histopathological lymphoid lesions and PCV-2 immunohistochemistry scores in vaccinated pigs when compared to non-vaccinated ones. Furthermore, in field trial A, a statistically significant reduction in the incidence of PCV-2-subclinical infection, an increase in body weight from 16 weeks of age to slaughterhouse and an average daily weight gain over the whole period (from 3 days of age to slaughterhouse) was detected in the vaccinated group when compared to the non-vaccinated one. Circulation of PCV-2a in field trial A, and PCV-2b plus PCV-2d in field trial B was confirmed by virus sequencing. In conclusion, a double immunization with a cPCV-2a/cPCV-2b/M. hyopneumoniae vaccine was efficacious against PCV-2 infection by reducing the number of histopathological lymphoid lesions and PCV-2 detection in tissues, serum, and faeces, as well as reducing losses in productive parameters.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Efficacy Studies of a Trivalent Vaccine Containing PCV-2a, PCV-2b Genotypes and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae When Administered at 3 Days of Age and 3 Weeks Later against Porcine Circovirus 2 (PCV-2) Infection

Four studies under preclinical and clinical conditions were performed to evaluate the efficacy of a new trivalent vaccine against Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV-2) infection. The product contained inactivated PCV-1/PCV-2a (cPCV-2a) and PCV-1/PCV-2b (cPCV-2b) chimeras, plus M. hyopneumoniae inactivated cell-free antigens, which was administered to piglets in a two-dose regime at 3 days of age and 3 weeks later. The overall results of preclinical and clinical studies show a significant reduction in PCV-2 viraemia and faecal excretion, and lower histopathological lymphoid lesions and PCV-2 immunohistochemistry scores in vaccinated pigs when compared to non-vaccinated ones. Furthermore, in field trial A, a statistically significant reduction in the incidence of PCV-2-subclinical infection, an increase in body weight from 16 weeks of age to slaughterhouse and an average daily weight gain over the whole period (from 3 days of age to slaughterhouse) was detected in the vaccinated group when compared to the non-vaccinated one. Circulation of PCV-2a in field trial A, and PCV-2b plus PCV-2d in field trial B was confirmed by virus sequencing. In conclusion, a double immunization with a cPCV-2a/cPCV-2b/ M. hyopneumoniae vaccine was efficacious against PCV-2 infection by reducing the number of histopathological lymphoid lesions and PCV-2 detection in tissues, serum, and faeces, as well as reducing losses in productive parameters

La filosofía y su enseñanza

Este libro recoge cinco propuestas disciplinares para llevar adelante en las clases de Filosofía en la Enseñanza Media, presentadas en diversos cursos-talleres, realizados durante el año 2015 en Montevideo, Colonia, Maldonado, Rivera y Salto, cuya organización estuvo a cargo del Departamento de Filosofía del Consejo de Formación en Educación. Los responsables de los cursos-talleres, autores del presente libro y docentes integrantes del Departamento de Filosofía del CFE, se proponen, con esta publicación, difundir el contenido de dichas actividades, con la ampliación de la información y los ajustes adecuados a la presentación en el medio escrito. No pretendemos realizar nada parecido a un tratado de Didáctica ni de Metodología de la enseñanza en general, sino proponer a los docentes de Filosofía y a aquellos que están realizando su práctica docente – a quienes está especialmente dirigido este libro - una serie de recursos teórico-prácticos. El objetivo es que ellos sirvan en el desarrollo práctico de su tarea para propiciar un tipo de trabajo reflexivo que despierte el interés de los estudiantes sin restar en exigencia y rigor de análisis...Presentación Lógica y Argumentación. Tres miradas sobre Lógica viva: Guillermo Nigro, Ignacio Vilaró, Anibal Corti Física y Filosofía. Una oportunidad interdisciplinaria: Martín Irisarri, Matías Osta Presupuestos normativos y debates prácticos en la Filosofía Política: Jaen Motta, Daniel Malvasio, Luciana Soria La definibilidad del arte en el siglo XX: vanguardia y posmodernidad. Las teorías de vanguardia en el Uruguay: Figari y Torres García: Inés Moreno, Fernando Suárez Problemas del devenir y el relativismo en el Teetetos: Alejandro Nogara, Daniel Calcagno

Effect of acid oxidation treatment on adsorption properties of arc-discharge synthesized multiwall carbon nanotubes

The effect of nitric/sulfuric acid oxidation treatment on commercial arc-discharge multiwall carbon nanotubes was studied. Purification and structure modifications were assessed via Transmission Electron Microscopy and Thermogravimetric Analysis; while changes in adsorption properties were monitored by nitrogen and methane adsorption isotherms. After treatment, nitrogen isotherms present hysteresis loop and an increased BET surface area; while adsorption energies obtained from isosteric heat profiles revealed a marked decrease. We propose an explanation for these findings and use macroscopic experimental data to gain insight on acid oxidation effect on the material.Se estudió el efecto de la oxidación ácida por medio de mezclas sulfúrico/nítrico, de nanotubos comerciales de pared múltiple sintetizados por el método de la descarga de arco. Para evaluar el grado de pureza y las modificaciones estructurales se utilizaron las técnicas de Microscopía Electrónica de Transmisión y Termogravimetría; mientras que los cambios en las propiedades de adsorción fueron monitoreados por medio de la realización de isotermas a distintas temperaturas utilizando gases simples como Nitrógeno y Metano. Luego del tratamiento oxidativo, se observó la aparición de ciclos de histéresis en las isotermas al mismo tiempo que el área superficial según BET se incrementó. Por otro lado, los calores isostéricos obtenidos evidenciaron una disminución importante. Proponemos una explicación posible para estos hallazgos y hacemos uso de la información experimental obtenida para revelar detalles del mecanismo de oxidación de los Nanotubos.Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y AplicadasCentro de Química Inorgánic

Trazos de memorias: colectivizando la memoria y recuerdos de lxs compañerxs desaparecidxs y asesinadxs de la UNS en el último genocidio

Compartimos este libro que es el resultado de un espacio de Memoria Colectiva generado desde el proyecto de investigación “Pedagogías críticas y derechos humanos: un abordaje desde las metodologías cualitativas, la enografía y la Historia Oral”. La finalidad del mismo fue trabajar en torno a las historias y relatos de vida de estudiantxs y trabajadorxs de la Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS) desaparecidxs o asesinadxs por el último genocidio en nuestro país, considerados colectivamente como sujeto de la educación. Participaron por un lado, en su diseño y coordinación, estudiantes, graduados, docentes, familiares y amigos de los compañerxs desaparecidxs; y por el otro, recordando, familiares y amigxs de lxs compeñerxs desaparecidxs.Fil: Aure, Marita. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Humanidades. Centro de Estudios Regionales; ArgentinaFil: Ortiz, Carmen. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Humanidades. Centro de Estudios Regionales; ArgentinaFil: Colaiani, Mónica. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Humanidades. Centro de Estudios Regionales; ArgentinaFil: Martín, Lucio Emmanuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Humanidades. Centro de Estudios Regionales; ArgentinaFil: Serafini, Pablo Julian. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Humanidades. Centro de Estudios Regionales; ArgentinaFil: Petralanda, Carlos. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Humanidades. Centro de Estudios Regionales; ArgentinaFil: Colla, Luciana Soledad. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Humanidades. Centro de Estudios Regionales; ArgentinaFil: Messiga Farizano, Juan Martín. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Humanidades. Centro de Estudios Regionales; ArgentinaFil: Soria, Juan. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Humanidades. Centro de Estudios Regionales; ArgentinaFil: Vitelli, Federico Martín. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Humanidades. Centro de Estudios Regionales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca; ArgentinaFil: Servidio, Antonela. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Humanidades. Centro de Estudios Regionales; ArgentinaFil: Marinozzi, Matías. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Humanidades. Centro de Estudios Regionales; ArgentinaFil: Patiño Fernández, Nicolás. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Humanidades. Centro de Estudios Regionales; ArgentinaFil: Carro, Gonzalo. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Humanidades. Centro de Estudios Regionales; Argentin

A 2-Step Strategy Combining FIB-4 With Transient Elastography and Ultrasound Predicted Liver Cancer After HCV Cure

[Introduction] Despite the direct-acting antiviral therapy has dramatically decreased the likelihood of having liver-related complications and extrahepatic outcomes, the risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is not totally eliminated after sustained virological response (SVR). We aimed to develop an easy-to-apply strategy to be adopted in clinical practice for accurately classifying the HCC risk in hepatitis C virus patients after SVR.[Methods] Prospective and multicenter study enrolling hepatitis C virus patients with advanced fibrosis (transient elastography [TE] > 10 kPa) or cirrhosis by ultrasound showing SVR. They were followed up until HCC, liver transplantation, death, or until October 2020, which occurred first, with a minimum follow-up period of 6 months after SVR (follow-up: 49 [interquartile range 28–59] months).[Results] Patients with cirrhosis by ultrasound represented 58% (611/1,054) of the overall cohort. During the study, HCC occurrence was 5.3% (56/1,054). Multivariate analyses revealed that Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) > 3.25 (hazard ratio [HR] 2.26 [1.08–4.73]; P = 0.030), TE (HR 1.02 [1.00–1.04]; P = 0.045) and cirrhosis by ultrasound (HR 3.15 [1.36–7.27]; P = 0.007) predicted HCC occurrence. Baseline HCC screening criteria (TE > 10 kPa or cirrhosis) identified patients at higher risk of HCC occurrence in presence of FIB-4 > 3.25 (8.8%; 44/498) vs FIB-4 3.25 had no HCC (0%; 0/50) (logRank 22.129; P = 0.0001). A combination of baseline FIB-4 > 3.25 and HCC screening criteria had an annual incidence >1.5 cases per 100 person-years, while the rest of the groups remained 3.25 and HCC screening criteria remained at the highest risk of HCC occurrence (13.7% [21/153] vs 4.9% [9/184]; logRank 7.396, P = 0.007).[Discussion] We demonstrated that a two-step strategy combining FIB-4, TE, and ultrasound could help stratify HCC incidence risk after SVR.Peer reviewe