intervenção do enfermeiro especialista em saúde mental e psiquiátrica

Os Comportamentos Auto-Lesivos (CAL) afirmam-se como uma problemática séria de saúde pública e mental que em 2018 afetou cerca de 20% dos adolescentes portugueses. Descrito como comportamento deliberado realizado por uma pessoa que tem intenção de provocar lesões a si mesmo, podendo existir ou não, intenção suicida, os CAL parecem ser uma estratégia adotada pelos adolescentes para regulação emocional, por existirem pensamentos e sentimentos negativos, associados à incapacidade e imaturidade de gerir as emoções e controlar os impulsos, comuns na adolescência. As abordagens terapêuticas descritas na literatura evidenciam a importância de desenvolver com os adolescentes, estratégias de identificação de emoções, sentimentos e reações comportamentais a processos intra e interpessoais, que por serem vivenciados de forma desajustada causam sofrimento mental. Para o desenvolvimento de competências do Enfermeiro Especialista em Saúde Mental e Psiquiátrica (EESMP) foi realizado um estágio com vertente hospitalar e comunitária. O estágio hospitalar teve como objetivo desenvolver técnicas psicoterapêuticas e socioterapêuticas, promotoras do desenvolvimento de competências de gestão emocional; sociais e de resolução de problemas em adolescentes que adotam CAL. As intervenções de enfermagem especializadas a esta população foram suportadas pela Teoria das Relações Interpessoais de Hildegard Peplau. A avaliação do risco clínico; a promoção do milieu therapy e o desenvolvimento de intervenções especializadas de enfermagem promoveram a diminuição do sofrimento associado, resultando na diminuição do risco de CAL. O estágio em contexto comunitário permitiu desenvolver competências de enfermagem no âmbito da promoção de saúde mental na primeira infância. Este relatório dá conta do percurso desenvolvido e agrega um conjunto de propostas de intervenção do EESMP no âmbito dos Comportamentos Auto-Lesivos na Adolescência

Localizadores electrónicos do ápice : Estudo in vitro de três aparelhos de terceira geração

Dissertação de Mestrado em Medicina Dentária Conservadora, área da Endodontia, apresentada à Faculdade de Medicina Dentária da Universidade do Port

Physician burnout in primary care during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study in Portugal

Primary care physicians have been present on the frontline during the ongoing pandemic, adding new tasks to already high workloads. Our aim was to evaluate burnout in primary care physicians during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as associated contributing factors. Cross-sectional study with an online questionnaire disseminated through social media, applying the snowball technique. The target population was primary care physicians working in Portugal during the first outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition to sociodemographic data, the questionnaire collected responses to the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI), the Resilience Scale and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales (DASS-21). Data were collected from May 9 to June 8, 2020, a period comprising the declaration of a national calamity and then state of emergency, and the subsequent ease of lockdown measures. Levels of burnout in 3 different dimensions (personal, work, and patient-related), resilience, stress, depression, and anxiety were assessed. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with burnout levels. Results: Among the 214 physician respondents, burnout levels were high in the 3 dimensions. A strong association was found between gender, years of professional experience, depression and anxiety, and burnout levels. Physician burnout in primary care is high and has increased during the pandemic. More studies are needed in the long term to provide a comprehensive assessment of COVID-19’simpact on burnout levels and how to best approach and mitigate it during such unprecedented times.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Presenting Cidehus

The Booklet presents CIDEHUS Research Center which is a history center of medium dimension, created in 1994 in the area of Sociology. The Unit was then called Research Centre for Development in Human and Social Sciences. In 2001, History was assumed as its core field. Its name became interdisciplinary Centre for History, Culture and Societies, while keeping the same acronym (CIDEHUS). Since 2007, CIDEHUS has increasinlgy focused its interest on Southern Europe in itself as well as on its interrelationships

Bottom-trawling fisheries influence on standing stocks, composition, diversity and trophic redundancy of macrofaunal assemblages from the West Iberian Margin

Bottom-trawling fisheries operating in Portugal (West Iberian Margin) impose one of the largest footprints per unit of biomass landed in European waters at depths greater than 200 m, affecting the seafloor integrity and the associated benthic fauna. To investigate how trawling pressure is affecting the macrofaunal assemblages, we compared the standing stock (abundance and biomass), community structure and taxonomical and trophic diversity in areas subjected to varying trawling pressure along the SW Portuguese upper slope, between 200 and 600 m. In addition to trawling pressure, several environmental variables, namely depth, grain size and organic matter, were correlated with the biological component, which suggest that the longstanding trawling pressure presents cumulative effects to the habitat heterogeneity known to characterise the West Iberian Margin fauna. Furthermore, our results showed a depletion of macro-infaunal abundances in both the fishing ground and the adjacent area (up to 3 times lower), when compared to the area not trawled. The observed decrease in abundance with increasing trawling pressure was also associated with a loss of species and trophic richness, but univariate diversity indices related with community structure (i.e. Shannon-Wiener index, Pielou's evenness) failed to detect consistent differences across areas. Also observed was a decrease in the number of taxa – trophic guilds combinations of the core assemblage (i.e. characteristic, dominant or frequent taxa) with increasing trawling pressure. We suggest that, in disturbed sediments, the lower functional redundancy resulting from the loss of species within most feeding guilds increases the vulnerability of trophic interactions and therefore of the whole assemblage to further increases in natural and anthropogenic disturbance or their synergistic effects.publishe

Experimental analysis of niti alloy during strain-controlled low-cycle fatigue

PTDC/CTM-CTM/29101/2017- POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029101 UIDB/EMS/00285/2020 UIDB/50025/2020-2023The interaction between the stress-induced martensitic transformation and resistivity behavior of superelastic NiTi shape memory alloy (SMA) was studied. Strain-controlled low-cycle fatigue up to 6% was monitored by in situ electrical resistivity measurements. The experimental results show that a great motion of martensite fronts results in a significant accumulation of defects, as evidenced by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), before and after the tensile cycles. This gives rise to an overall increase of the resistivity values up to the maximum deformation. Therefore, the research suggests that shape memory alloy wire has great potential as a stress sensor inside bulk materials.publishersversionpublishe

CENÁ RIO ATUAL DA BIOSSEGURANÇA EM ODONTOLOGIA APÓS O SURGIMENTO DA COVID-19: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA

A COVID-19 é uma doença viral que surgiu na china e se disseminou rapidamente por todo o mundo. Em Janeiro de 2020 a Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) decretou pandemia, onde vários planos e estratégias foram elaborados para conter a propagação do vírus, bem como novas medidas preventivas e de biossegurança. Este trabalho tem como objetivo revisar a literatura acerca do cenário atual da biossegurança em odontologia após o surgimento da COVID-19 e ressaltar a sua importância dentro do consultório odontológico. Para a busca bibliográfica utilizou-se a base de dados PubMed e Scielo, com os descritores “Biosatefy”, “Dentistry” e “COVID-19”, cadastrados no MeSh e DeCS, combinados entre si pelo operador boleano “AND”, no período de publicação entre 31 de Dezembro de 2019 à 09 de Janeiro de 2021. Foram encontrados um total de 20 estudos, sendo 10 na plataforma PubMed e 10 no Scielo, que após estabelecer os critérios de inclusão: estudos in vitro, revisões sistemáticas e estudos epidemiológicos exploratórios, e como critério de exclusão: revisões de literatura descritivas, capítulos de livro, estudos indisponíveis ou que não abordavam o objetivo do estudo, foi realizada uma leitura criteriosa de títulos e resumos chegando-se a um total de 7 artigos. Os resultados mostraram que que barreiras físicas são fundamentais para conter a dispersão de gotículas dentro do consultório odontológico. Profissionais e acadêmicos ainda possuem medo de se infectar durante o atendimento e reconhecem a importância das novas medidas de biossegurança, porém, a capacitação precisa ser reforçada

Helicobacter pylori prophages: screening, detection, induction and potential therapeutic use

Helicobacter pylori is a microaerophilic bacterium that chronically infects the human gastric mucosa. Infections caused by this pathogen are difficult to treat, mainly due to the increased resistance of this species to conventional antibiotics. Therefore, it is important to develop antibiotic alternative or complementary approaches to tackle H. pylori infections. Bacterio(phages) have proven to be efficient antibacterial agents, however it is very difficult to isolate strictly lytic phages infecting H. pylori. Nevertheless, this bacterial species presents prophages in their genomes and although strictly lytic phages have been consensually preferred for phage therapy purposes, temperate prophages holds a great but an exploited potential. In the present work, we developed a new PCR-based screening method to detect the presence of prophages genes in a set of H. pylori Portuguese clinical strains. The genomes of selected strains were then sequenced using a combined Illumina platform and MinION nanopore-based sequencing strategy. Prophages content was then analysed using the PHASTER tool. After sequencing analysis, UV light was used to induce phages, from which one was further characterized in terms of morphology, host range, stability on an in vitro gastric model, genome analysis and efficacy against a H. pylori culture. The complementarity between Illumina and Nanopore results, allowed us to identify a total of 10 intact, 7 questionable and 47 incomplete prophages on the 14 sequenced strains. One predicted intact prophage was induced successfully, and presents a genome length of 31 162 bp with 37.1 % G+C content. Interestingly, this new podovirus infects five H. pylori strains, and in the gastric in vitro model only a small loss of phage titer was observed in the gastric phase, suggesting that this phage could be adapted to the stomach environment. Farther, this phage demonstrated to be capable of maintaining the H. pylori population at low levels for up to 24 h post-infection with MOIs of 0.01, 0.1 and 1. Overall, a new PCR screening method was developed to detect prophages on H. pylori and positive correlations with sequencing results were observed. Moreover, this new isolated phage seems to have therapeutic potential to treat H. pylori gastric infections.This work was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology – Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) under the scope of the strategic funding of UIDB/04469/2020 unit, and Project PTDC/SAU-PUB/29182/2017 [POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029182]. Rute Ferreira is recipient of a FCT PhD grant with the reference SFRH/BD/146496/2019info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Screening and in silico characterization of prophages in Helicobacter pylori genomes

Temperate bacterio(phages) play an important role on the evolution of pathogenic bacteria. Nevertheless, information on their role in Helicobacter pylori (an important gastric pathogen bacterium) is scarce. The present study developed a workflow for the identification of prophages in Portuguese H. pylori clinical strains, proposing the use of a new PCR-based screening method. The genome of strains with different PCR profiles were then sequenced. In the fourteen genomes analysed, nine intact prophages were identified by PHASTER. These prophages were annotated by analogy with other identified phages, where seven contained the integrase gene, corroborating the results obtained in the PCR screening, with only one exception. Still, in PCR screening, the holin gene was identified in 75 % of the strains containing intact phages, but BLASTp homologies only recognized this gene in one of the prophages. Fifty-six percent are podovirus, while in 44 % it was not possible to assign any family, according to the VirFam tool. Using the Resistance Gene Identifier of CARD it was identified the Acinetobacter mutant Lpx gene conferring resistance to colistin in two intact prophages. The BLASTp search identified a putative ABC binding cassette transporter in one of the intact prophages. On the bacterial genomes, 71 % have the CRISPR-Cas system classified as evidence level 1 by CRISPRCasFinder, which typically indicate potentially invalid CRISPR arrays. The use of an initial PCR screening method increased the identification of intact prophage-containing strains from 20 % to 57 %. Furthermore, the few virulence factors identified in prophages, and the possible inactivity of CRISPR-Cas in the bacterial genomes, allow the choice of strains for the isolation of phages for future studies. Overall, our results represent a significant contribution to the knowledge of prophages in H. pylori, and provide valuable insights into their potential use in phage therapy.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio