Relação dos modelos DuPont com o retorno das ações no mercado brasileiro

This paper investigates the relation between the ratios resulting from the two different possibilities of ROE decomposition (known in literature as DuPont and modified DuPont analysis) and Brazilian firms' stock returns. Differently from traditional DuPont analysis, the modified DuPont analysis explicitly splits operating and financial performance. To put in practice our analysis, we consider Brazilian firms listed from 1995 to 2008. Our results suggest that ROA (derived from traditional DuPont analysis) has higher explanatory power than operational ROA (derived from modified DuPont analysis) regarding stock returns. Further results show that operating components better explain stock returns than financial components.Este artigo tem como objetivo comparar os dois modelos de decomposição do ROE, amplamente conhecidos na literatura como modelo DuPont e modelo DuPont modificado, identificando qual dos fatores componentes de cada modelo melhor explica o desempenho das ações de empresas brasileiras negociadas na Bovespa. Diferentemente do modelo DuPont tradicional, o modelo DuPont modificado separa, explicitamente, os resultados operacionais dos resultados financeiros das empresas. Para a avaliação, a análise considera todas as empresas listadas na Bovespa no período de 1995 a 2008. Os resultados encontrados sugerem que o ROA (componente do modelo DuPont tradicional) possui maior poder explicativo, quanto à geração de valor para as ações das empresas do que o ROA operacional (modelo DuPont modificado). Resultados adicionais demonstram que os fatores operacionais explicam melhor o retorno das ações do que os fatores financeiros

Occurrence of Gasterophilus spp. in Weanling Foals in Southern Brazil

Background: The occurrence of gastrointestinal myiasis caused by Gasterophilus spp. larvae (Diptera: Oestridae) in adult horses has been widely characterized, however data on natural infestation in young foals have been lacking. This observation may be related to the absence of conclusive diagnosis in these individuals, most likely due to logistical or financial constraints. Gastric ulceration is a problem and a significant cause of morbidity in foals, particularly during the weaning stage; therefore, gasterophilosis should be included in the differential diagnosis. The primary purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of gasterophilosis in 4- to 6-month-old weanling foals.Material, Methods & Results: Seventy-one healthy weanling foals were enrolled in the study. Physical assessment blood sampling and was completed in all foals before the commencement of the experiment. Gastroscopy examinations were performed under sedation (Detomidine 0.01 - 0.02 mg/kg) with a flexible endoscope inserted through nasogastric via. The lumen of the stomach was examined in order to search for botflies’ larvae. Following gastroscopy, foals were classified into 2 groups based on the presence of Gasterophilus spp. larvae in their stomachs: 1) Infected and 2) Not Infected. Infected foals received a single dose of commercial trichlorfon and albendazole equine oral gel and were stalled for 24 h. The passed feces were thoroughly examined, searching for elimination of larvae. A Total of 64% of the foals (n=45/71) harbored Gasterophilus spp. larvae in the stomach. Mild hyperemia in the gastric mucosa was observed in the attachment sites of the parasites. Physical assessment and hematological parameters’ data were analyzed with Shapiro-Wilk normality test. Comparison between groups for clinical signs, hematological parameters and Gasterophilus spp. infection rates were evaluated using the Kruskal-Wallis test or Student's t-test. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. There were no statistically significant variations in physical and hematological parameters between foals that were affected and those that were not infected. The larvae found in the feces were subjected to morphological examination, which confirmed the diagnosis of Gasterophilus intestinalis.Discussion: No systemic clinical indications compatible with Gasterophilus infestation were seen, as described in previous studies of horses infected with the parasite. No botfly eggs were observed in the hair of evaluated foals. During gastroscopy, mild hyperemic lesions in the gastric mucosa were observed in the larvae fixation sites. Although no changes in clinical or hematological parameters were noted, the confirmation of parasite presence is a cause for concern due to horses' tolerance for low infestation levels and poor diagnosis. Additionally, the presence of this myiasis in foals may be a significant stressor during the weaning period and should be included in the differential diagnosis of recurring abdominal pain. Furthermore, infected foals might be a reservoir for the parasite and, contribute to the elimination and spread of the larvae in the environment. Thus, inclusion of young horses in deworming protocols targeted to botfly larvae is needed. This is the first report of Gasterophilus intestinalis myiasis in foals in Brazil. Further research is necessary to fully understand the epidemiology and prevalence of this condition in young horses in Brazil, based on the findings of this study. Keywords: Gasterophilus intestinalis, cavity myiasis, gastroscopy, Oestridae

Sobrecarga em familiares de indivíduos com transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo

BACKGROUND: The burden present in family members caretakers that results of the care given, could jeopardize their health, provoke the decay of relationships, as well as maintain or worsen the patient's condition. OBJECTIVES: Evaluate the levels of objective and subjective burden in family members of individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in samples from the public and private network. METHODS: This is a descriptive-analytical study that characterizes the individual with OCD (N = 30) and their family caretakers (N = 30), in samples of public net (N = 30) and private net (N = 30), with use of standardized socio-demographic data questionnaire; diagnosis confirmation (OCD) by using Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI); the Family Burden Interview Schedule (FBIS-BR) was applied. RESULTS: A statistical significance has been detected among the samples through an objective point of view, with higher levels of burden in the sample of public net; the significance through a subjective point of view was only perceived regarding "doing housework", with higher levels in the private practice. DISCUSSION: The study has verified different levels of burden in family members of individuals with OCD under treatment in samples from the public and private network of psychiatric assistance.CONTEXTO: A presença de sobrecarga em familiares cuidadores resultante do auxílio/cuidado prestado pode comprometer a saúde deles, implicar deterioração de relacionamentos e manutenção ou agravamento do quadro do enfermo. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar graus de sobrecarga, objetiva e subjetiva, de familiares de indivíduos com transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo (TOC) em amostras na rede pública e privada. MÉTODOS: Estudo descritivo-analítico constituído de: caracterização do sujeito com TOC (N = 30) e de seu familiar cuidador (N = 30), em amostras da rede pública (N = 30) e privada (N = 30), por meio de questionários sociodemográficos; confirmação diagnóstica (TOC) com uso do Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI); aplicação da Escala de Avaliação da Sobrecarga de Familiares (FBIS-BR). RESULTADOS: Foram detectadas significância estatística entre as amostras na dimensão objetiva, com maiores graus de sobrecarga na amostra da rede pública, e significância na dimensão subjetiva apenas na questão relativa à "realização de tarefas de casa", com maiores graus na amostra da clínica privada. CONCLUSÃO: O estudo constatou graus de sobrecarga diferentes em familiares de sujeitos com TOC em tratamento, em amostras na rede pública e privada de assistência em psiquiatria

Effects of experimental bleaching agents on the mineral content of sound and demineralized enamels

High concentrations of hydrogen peroxide can cause adverse effects on composition and structure of teeth. However, the addition of calcium and fluoride in bleaching agents may reduce enamel demineralization. Objective: To evaluate chemical changes of sound and demineralized enamels submitted to high concentrations of hydrogen peroxide containing fluoride (F) or calcium (Ca). Material and Methods: Enamel blocks of bovine incisors with standard dimensions were obtained and half of them were submitted to pH-cycling to promote initial enamel caries lesions. Sound and demineralized enamel samples were divided into (n=10): (C) Control (no whitening treatment); (HP) 35% hydrogen peroxide; and two experimental groups: (HPF) 35% HP+0.2% F and (HPC) 35% HP+0.2% Ca. Experimental groups were submitted to two in-office bleaching sessions and agents were applied 3 times for 15 min to each session. The control group was kept in remineralizing solution at 37°C during the bleaching treatment. The surface mineral content of sound and demineralized enamels was determined through Fourier Transform Raman spectroscopy (FT-Raman), Energy dispersive Micro X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (μ-EDXRF); and the subsurface, through cross-sectional microhardness (CSMH). In addition, polarized light microscopy (PLM) images of enamel subsurface were observed. Results: According to three-way (FT-Raman and μ-EDXRF analyses) or two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) (CSMH) and Tukey test (α=5%), the calcium or fluoride added to high-concentrated bleaching agents increased phosphate and carbonate concentrations on sound and demineralized enamels (p<0.05). However, HPC and HPF were unable to completely reverse the subsurface mineral loss promoted by bleaching on sound and demineralized enamels. The calcium/ phosphate (Ca/P) ratio of sound enamel decreased after HP treatment (p<0.001). Conclusion: Even though experimental bleaching agents with Ca or F reduced mineral loss for both sound and demineralized enamel surfaces, these agents were unable to reverse the enamel subsurface demineralization

Interaction of SiC thermal oxidation by-products with SiO2

We investigated oxygen incorporation and exchange during thermal growth of silicon oxide films on silicon carbide. This investigation was carried out in parallel with the thermal growth of silicon oxide films on silicon for comparison.We provide experimental evidence that oxidation by-products of silicon carbide out-diffuse and interact with the silicon oxide overlayer, incorporating C and O. This and other results are in sharp contrast to those obtained for silicon samples, constituting a key issue in the stability of any dielectric material used on silicon carbide

Sobre a ocorrência de vertebrados fósseis triássicos na Região de Santana da Boa Vista (RS)

O trabalho não apresenta resumo

Parametric procedures for environmental adequacy of architectural conception: Methodological proposal

Computational tools have redefined the architectural design practice, with respects to the environmental performance of buildings, since the decade of 1990. However, the environmental assessment of the design of buildings with the use of computer simulations is a process and, for this reason, do not guarantee the development of building designs adequate to the local climate. For this purpose, the environmental architectural approach, considered here, is the one in which the environmental adequacy is the result of the maximization of passive strategies, characterizing the architectural practice known as Bioclimatism and configuring the so-called Environmental Building. The efficient application of design parameters in the environmental adequacy of architectural requires the understanding of the specificities of the climatic context and of the consequent role of each design parameter in the interactions between internal and external environments. The objective of this work is a methodological proposal of qualifications of the design process for the environmental adequacy of buildings during the architectural conceptual phase, by means of parametric analysis and computer simulations, encompassing aspects of thermal performance and daylight. Examples of the application of parts of this method demonstrate the informative role of analytical studies in the creative architectural process, offering a range of design solutions of adequate performance

Caracterização do pão regional do distrito de Viseu e de Pão São

Dissertação de Mestrado em Qualidade e Tecnologia AlimentarO objectivo deste estudo visa a caracterização de diferentes amostras de pão Regional e pão São, procurando encontrar semelhanças e identificar os elementos diferenciadores dos mesmos. As amostras de pão Regional foram recolhidas no distrito de Viseu: Carregal do Sal, Cabanas de Viriato, Santar, Viseu, Mangualde, São Pedro do Sul e São Cipriano. No caso do pão São as amostras foram fornecidas pela empresa produtora, Fábrica do Pão localizada em Seia. Procedeu-se à caracterização física, química e sensorial, tendo sido avaliadas as diferentes propriedades em termos de média e desvio padrão das réplicas efectuadas. Posteriormente, procedeu-se a uma análise estatística, para comparação de médias e avaliação da significância das diferenças, tendo para tal sido usado o teste de Tuckey HSD. Foram ainda calculados os coeficientes de correlação de Pearson. Os resultados foram analisados recorrendo ao software SPSS para o Windows versão 19.0 e Statistic versão 6., sendo realizado o teste de análise de variância "one-way" (ANOVA). Numa fase posterior, os valores obtidos para as características do pão foram sujeitos a uma análise de componentes principais (PCA) e uma análise de Cluster. Em relação aos parâmetros químicos analisados no pão Regional, as amostras apresentaram algumas semelhanças e algumas diferenças, assim como também a nível físico e sensorial. No entanto, no que respeita à análise sensorial, as amostras foram, de modo geral, percepcionadas da mesma forma pelos provadores, não sendo detectadas diferenças significativas. Ainda assim, em termos de apreciação global a amostra preferida foi a da pastelaria Flor de Cabanas. Em relação aos parâmetros químicos, físicose sensoriais do pão São, as amostras mostraram-se semelhantes entre si, o que pode ser explicado por terem basicamente a mesma constituição em termos de ingredientes. Contudo, será de assinalar algumas diferenças em termos de fibra, hidratos de carbono, proteína e cloretos, devido à presença de farinha de tremoço numa das amostras. Quando comparadas as amostras de pão Regional com as de pão São, verificou-se que estas se apresentaram bastante diferentes, quer em termos químicos, físicos ou nível sensorial. Foi possível observar que ao nível sensorial os pães Regionais foram os preferidos pelos provadores.ABSTRACT: The aim of this study is the characterization of different samples of regional bread and healthy bread, trying to identify the similarities and contrasting elements in them. The regional bread samples were collected in the District of Viseu: Carregal do Sal, Cabanas de Viriato, Santar, Viseu, São Pedro do Sul and São Cipriano. The healthy bread samples were provided by the production company "Fábrica do Pão", located in Seia. The physical, chemical and sensory characterization was undertaken, having been avaluted the different proprerties in terms of mean value and standard deviation of the replicas made. Later, we proceeded to a statistical analysis for comparison of means and assessing the significance of the differences, having been used for this the Tukey HSD test. We also calculated the Pearson correlation coefficients. The results were analyzaed using the SPSS software version 19.0 for Windows and Statistica version 6, having been performed an analysis of variance "one way"(ANOVA). At a later stage, the values obtained for the characteristics of bread were subjected to principal components analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis. Regardind the chemical parameters analyzed in the regional bread, the samples showed some similarities and differences, as well as regarding the physical and sensory parameters. However, concerning the sensory analysis, the samples were generally perceived by the panelists in the same way, and no significant differences were observed. Still, in terms of the same way preferred by the panelists the sample from pastry "Flor de Cabanas". With respect to chemical, physical and sensory parameters of the healthy bread, the samples were similar, which can be explained by having basically the same constitution in terms of ingredients. However, there can be noted some differences in terms of fiber, carbohydrates, protein and chlorides, due to the presence of lupine flour in one sample. When comparing the regional bread samples with the healthy bread ones, it was found that they quite different, either at the chemical, physical or sensory levels. It was observed that at the sensory level the regional breads were those preferred by the tasters

Acanthosis Nigricans associated with clear-cell renal cell carcinoma

Acanthosis nigricans (AN), an entity recognized since the 19th century, is a dermatopathy associated with insulin-resistant conditions, endocrinopathies, drugs, chromosome abnormalities and neoplasia. The latter, also known as malignant AN, is mostly related to abdominal neoplasms. Malignant AN occurs frequently among elderly patients. In these cases, the onset is subtle, and spreading involves the flexural regions of the body, particularly the axillae, palms, soles, and mucosa. Gastric adenocarcinoma is the most frequent associated neoplasia, but many others have been reported. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC), although already reported, is rarely associated with malignant AN. The authors report the case of a woman who was being treated for depression but presented a long-standing and marked weight loss, followed by darkening of the neck and the axillary regions. Physical examination disclosed a tumoral mass in the left flank and symmetrical, pigmented, velvety, verrucous plaques on both axillae, which is classical for AN. The diagnostic work-up disclosed a huge renal mass, which was resected and further diagnosed as a RCC. The post-operative period was uneventful and the skin alteration was evanescent at the first follow-up consultation. The authors call attention to the association of AN with RC

Comparative insight upon chitosan solution and chitosan nanoparticles application on the phenolic content, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of individual grape components of Sousão variety

Chitosan, a natural polysaccharide, has been previously proposed as an elicitor in plants to prevent pathogen infections. The present study aimed to analyze the e ect of chitosan solution and chitosan nanoparticles treatment applied on the grapevine variety Sousão with respect to the phenolic composition, antioxidant potential and antibacterial activity of its individual grape components. Grapevine plants of selected lines were sprayed with chitosan solution and chitosan nanoparticles, and ethanolic extracts of stems, seeds and skins were prepared from grapevines treated and not treated with chitosan. Total phenolic, anthocyanin and tannin contents were studied, and the identification of the individual phenolic compounds was performed by HPLC-DAD. The antimicrobial susceptibility method was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disc di usion method against multidrug-resistant bacteria. Overall, there was small increase in the concentration of phenolic compounds, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities in grape components treated with chitosan solution. Seed extracts showed the highest antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. The studied individual components obtained from chitosan-treated grapevines could represent an added value due to the increased antioxidant and antibacterial potentials. The phenolic compounds found in components may be used in food and pharmaceutical industries as natural food preservers and antibiotic adjuvants.This research was founded by the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (Spain, Project RTI2018-098267-R-C33) and the Junta de Castilla y León (Consejería de Educación, Spain, Project LE164G18). This work was supported by the Associate Laboratory for Green Chemistry-LAQV which is financed by national funds from FCT/MCTES (UID/QUI/50006/2019). Vanessa Silva is grateful to FCT (Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia) for her PhD grant SFRH/BD/137947/2018.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio