Hubungan Iklim Etika Organisasi dengan Tingkahlaku Menyimpang di Tempat Kerja

The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between organizational ethical climate and deviant behavior in the workplace among health care worker in Kuala Kangsar Hospital, Taiping Hospital and Ipoh Hospital in Perak. The study also aims to determine the relationship between five dimensions of organizational ethical climate i.e. caring, independent, law and code, rules and instrumental and deviant behavior in the workplace. A total of 252 respondents involved in this study. The respondents were selected as nonprobabability sampling. Organizational ethical climate as independent variables were measured using the Ethic Climate Questionnaire (ECQ) (Victor & Cullen, 1988)and the deviant behavior in the workplace was measured using Interpersonal and Organizational Deviance Scale Item (Robinson & Bennett, 2000). Descriptive, Pearson Correlation and multiple regression being used in this study. The result shows that the level of deviant behavior in the workplace is low. The result also indicates that that level of law and code dimension is the highest followed by caring, rules, instrumental and independence dimension. Analysis using Pearson Correlation shows that only rules dimension have a weak positive significant correlation with deviant behavior in the workplace whereas regression analysis shows that no significant relationship between five dimension of organizational ethical climate with deviant behavior in the workplace

Role of Clinical Methods, Chest Skiagram Sputum Microscopy and PCR in Diagnosis of Pneumocystis Jiroveci Pneumonia in HIV Patients with CD4 count less than 200 and the clinical outcome: A Comparative study in a Tertiary Care Hospital

BACKGROUND : Pneumocystis jiroveci Pneumonia (PCP) is one of the most predominant opportunistic infections occurring in HIV patients with CD4 count is less than 200.Even though Chest radiograph findings may be normal in 10-39% of PCP patients, it is commonly used for diagnosis in resource limited settings. The other diagnosis methods are Gomori Methanamine Silver(GMS) staining, PCR. Among them, GMS is considered as the gold standard test in diagnosing PCP. AIM AND OBJECTIVES : 1. Comparing role of clinical diagnosis, chest radiography, sputum microscopy and polymerase chain reaction for Pneumocystis jiroveci Pneumonia in HIV seropositive patients with CD4 less than 200. 2. To know the clinical outcome of PCP patients after treatment in our centre. STUDY DESIGN : Prospective cohort study. INCLUSION CRITERIA : 1) All HIV seropositive inpatients with CD4 count less than 200 cells/μL, 2) Age > 18 years. EXCLUSION CRITERIA : 1. HIV patients with CD 4 count > 200 cells/ Μl, 2. Age < 18 years, 3. Patients with sputum positive pulmonary tuberculosis. METHODS : 1. Recruitment of patients as per inclusion criteria, 2. Thorough clinical examination & pulse oximetry, 3. Taking Chest x ray PA view, 4. sputum collection after hypertonic saline nebulisation, 5. Subjecting one sample of sputum for Gomori Methanamine, Silver staining &another sample for Polymerase Chain Reaction, 6. Follow up the clinical course of patients after treatment, 7. Analysis of data using SPSS. RESULTS : Out of 151 HIV seropositive patients examined clinically ,81 individuals were diagnosed as PCP patients. But the sputum microscopy with Gomori methenamine silver staining which was taken as gold standard test diagnosed 41 cases of PCP only. PCR was positive in 2 more patients who were missed in GMS staining sputum PCR is having the highest sensitivity (100%), highest specificity (97%),highest positive predictive value (93%) and also highest negative predictive value(100%). Among 90 PCP patients diagnosed clinically ,74 of 90(82.2%) patients recovered from the illness after treatment&16 0f 90(17.8%) patients died due to illness. CONCLUSION : PCR or GMS staining should be used for diagnosing PCP whenever possible and to detect all cases of PCP in HIV patients without missing

Lightweight self-consolidating concrete at high temperatures

U radu su prikazani rezultati eksperimentalnog ispitivanja laganog samozbijajućeg betona s dodatkom kokosovih ljuski krupnom agregatu, pod utjecajem visokih temperatura. Nakon izlaganja betona temperaturi od 800 °C, zabilježene su promjene svojstava betona, poput tlačne čvrstoće i gubitka težine. Istraživanje je provedeno na uzorcima betona s dodatkom kokosovih ljuski u različitim omjerima kao zamjenu za krupni agregat. Za pripremanje mješavina betona upotrijebljeni su pepeo rižinih ljuski i silikatna prašina. Rezultati su pokazali da se svojstva očvrsnulog betona smanjuju na temperaturama većim od 400 °C.Results of experimental investigation of the lightweight self-consolidating concrete subjected to elevated temperatures, with coconut shells added to coarse aggregate, are presented in this paper. Variations in the concrete properties, such as the compressive strength and weight loss, were observed after the concrete was subjected to the temperature of 800 °C. The investigation was carried out on concrete samples with varying proportions of coconut shells. The rice husk ash and silica fume were used to develop two reference concrete mixtures. The results show that the properties of hardened concrete decrease at temperatures of more than 400 °C

Cloth simulation using an enhanced Catmull-Clark subdivision scheme and collision detection in a virtual environment

Subdivision surface techniques smoothen the surface of any 3D object by splitting the polygons into smaller sub-polygons. However, most methods of subdivision encounter the same problem when dealing with extraordinary points. This project aims is to implement an enhanced Catmull-Clark subdivision scheme and simulated cloth that can detect and identify the collision of an object against the simulated cloth in a virtual environment. The original Catmull-Clark subdivision scheme was enhanced by manipulating the weights present in the original scheme while adhering to a few rules. The cloth used a mass-spring model to be initialised, and the enhanced subdivision scheme was integrated into this model. Then, the collision detection was performed based on the bounding volume approach, and an appropriate collision response was used to simulate the behaviour of the cloth in real life. Experiments and tests were conducted to evaluate the smoothness of the enhanced subdivision scheme and the computation time. The enhanced subdivision scheme was only able to create an acceptably smooth surface until the second iteration of the subdivision. On the third iteration, noticeable sharp points were present, which indicated that the enhanced subdivision scheme did not improve the original scheme. Additionally, the execution time for the enhanced subdivision scheme was insignificantly longer compared to the original scheme for all the levels of subdivision. The frame rate test showed that the cloth simulation ran at the average rate of 43.572 fps, which was within the acceptable range. In conclusion, this research focuses on creating a cloth simulation that implemented an enhanced Catmull-Clark subdivision scheme and collision detection. However, the proposed enhancement for this scheme can be improved to account for the subdivision at individual cases of extraordinary points

Lightweight self-consolidating concrete at high temperatures

U radu su prikazani rezultati eksperimentalnog ispitivanja laganog samozbijajućeg betona s dodatkom kokosovih ljuski krupnom agregatu, pod utjecajem visokih temperatura. Nakon izlaganja betona temperaturi od 800 °C, zabilježene su promjene svojstava betona, poput tlačne čvrstoće i gubitka težine. Istraživanje je provedeno na uzorcima betona s dodatkom kokosovih ljuski u različitim omjerima kao zamjenu za krupni agregat. Za pripremanje mješavina betona upotrijebljeni su pepeo rižinih ljuski i silikatna prašina. Rezultati su pokazali da se svojstva očvrsnulog betona smanjuju na temperaturama većim od 400 °C.Results of experimental investigation of the lightweight self-consolidating concrete subjected to elevated temperatures, with coconut shells added to coarse aggregate, are presented in this paper. Variations in the concrete properties, such as the compressive strength and weight loss, were observed after the concrete was subjected to the temperature of 800 °C. The investigation was carried out on concrete samples with varying proportions of coconut shells. The rice husk ash and silica fume were used to develop two reference concrete mixtures. The results show that the properties of hardened concrete decrease at temperatures of more than 400 °C

Modelling and Evaluation of Electrical Resonance Eddy Current for Submillimeter Defect Detection

Eddy current (EC) inspection is used extensively in non-destructive testing (NDT) to detect surface-breaking defects of engineering components. However, the sensitivity of conventional eddy current inspection has plateaued in recent years. The ability to detect submillimetre defects before it becomes critical would allow engineering components to remain in-service safely for longer. Typically, it is required that higher frequency EC is employed to achieve a suitable sensitivity for detection of such submillimetre defects. However, that would lead to significant electromagnetic noise affecting the sensitivity of the inspection. To overcome this issue, the electrical-resonance based eddy current method has been proposed, where the electrical enhanced resonance signal increases the contrast between signal and noise, thus improving the sensitivity of the defect detection. This work aims to investigate the electrical-resonance system via simulation technology using combination of fast numerical-based simulation and circuit approach. Leveraging on this model, the detection system can be optimized by performing parameters tuning. Investigation of both experiment and simulation develops a precise calibration model for submillimeter defects detection

Permeability properties of lightweight self-consolidating concrete made with coconut shell aggregate

Liquid substance intrusion into concrete is one of the issues that gradually damage its phys- ical and structural integrity. The permeability properties of lightweight self-consolidating concrete containing coconut shell aggregate was investigated in this study. A partial replace- ment of crushed rock (granite) with coconut shell from 0 to 100% in step of 25% was considered for the mixtures. Rice husk ash (RHA) and Silica fume (SF) were considered for developing binary and ternary blended self-consolidating concrete with total powder content of 450 kg/m3 and 550 kg/m3. The testing of concrete involved the saturated water absorption, sorptivity and chloride ingress, which were used to examine the permeability properties of the concrete developed. The laboratory investigations showed encouraging results with better performance up to 75% replacement of crushed granite with coconut shell aggregate

QM/MM molecular dynamics studies of metal binding proteins

Mixed quantum-classical (quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical (QM/MM)) simulations have strongly contributed to providing insights into the understanding of several structural and mechanistic aspects of biological molecules. They played a particularly important role in metal binding proteins, where the electronic effects of transition metals have to be explicitly taken into account for the correct representation of the underlying biochemical process. In this review, after a brief description of the basic concepts of the QM/MM method, we provide an overview of its capabilities using selected examples taken from our work. Specifically, we will focus on heme peroxidases, metallo-\u3b2-lactamases, a-synuclein and ligase ribozymes to show how this approach is capable of describing the catalytic and/or structural role played by transition (Fe, Zn or Cu) and main group (Mg) metals. Applications will reveal how metal ions influence the formation and reduction of high redox intermediates in catalytic cycles and enhance drug metabolism, amyloidogenic aggregate formation and nucleic acid synthesis. In turn, it will become manifest that the protein frame directs and modulates the properties and reactivity of the metalions

Synergistic Ca2+ and Cu2+ requirements of the FGF1-S100A13 interaction measured by quartz crystal microbalance: An initial step in amlexanox-reversible non-classical release of FGF1

It is known that fibroblast growth factor-1 (FGF1) lacking a conventional signal peptide sequence shows non-classical release independent of the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi system. Recent studies reveal that FGF1 is co-released with S100A13, a Ca2+-binding protein that acts as an extracellular cargo molecule. Although both FGF1 and S100A13 are Cu2+-binding proteins, the role of Cu2+, as well as that of Ca2+, in non-classical release, remains to be clarified. In the present study we examined the requirements of both metal ions for the interaction between these two proteins. The addition of Ca2+ significantly increased the ka value, while decreasing the KD value, for the interaction between Strep-tagII-S100A13 and GST-FGF1; both values were obtained by use of a quartz crystal microbalance, a real-time mass-measuring device. The EC50 of Ca2+ to enhance the interaction was 10.11 μM. Although the addition of Cu2+ alone had no effect, it caused a marked potentiation of the Ca2+-enhanced interaction. The EC50 of Cu2+ for the potentiation was 50.45 nM. On the other hand, the EC50 of Ca2+ and the KD values were decreased from 11.69 to 2.07 μM and 0.75 to 0.38 × 10?7 M, respectively, by the addition of 200 nM Cu2+. The Cu2+-induced potentiation of this interaction was abolished by amlexanox, which inhibits non-classical release of FGF1. All of these findings suggest that synergistic effects of Ca2+ and Cu2+ play a key role in the interaction between FGF1 and S100A13, which is the initial step in non-classical release of FGF1