Behaviours That Put Female Youth at Risk of Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Sexually Transmitted Infections in Gerehu, Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea

The HIV and AIDS epidemic in Papua New Guinea (PNG) is growing at an alarming rate according to recent statistics and is increasingly affecting the young people. The majority of all known HIV cases are in young people below the age of 35 years. A crucial task remains for PNG to provide protection and safety for young people (who comprise more than 50% of the country's 5.2 million people) from the risk of sexual infections, harm and death. Whilst risk of infections are inevitably real and alive in local communities and seriously challenging youth, unfortunately, this group, poorly educated, unemployed, unheard and unsupported by service providers, disempowered and financially and socially vulnerable stand the highest risk of been affected by HIV/AIDS and STIs. The main aim of this study was to examine sexual behaviours and practices of female youth including their exposure to sexual violence and the protection strategies used. Amongst other things, this study also assessed how much female youth know and understand about HIV/AIDS and STIs including access to HIV and sexual health services. A standard questionnaire was completed through faceto-face interviews with 63 out-of-school and unemployed1 female youth (age 15-24) in the suburb of Gerehu in Port Moresby, PNG. The research identified some unsafe behaviours and vulnerable factors that are contributing to increase risk of HIV and STI for female youth in Gerehu. Female Youth women are inadequately educated about sex, sexual relationships, causes and nature of sexual infections, they own risks and sexual behavioural practices, condom negotiation skills, sexual coercion, stigma related risk, access to sexual treatment and services and how competing gender and socio-cultural factors create, perpetuate and increase risk of infection for them. Unless female youth adequately know these factors they are not able to avoid risk and protect themselves from HIV and STIs

Correlation between Manual Vacuum Aspiration and Endometrial Cell Sampler in Abnormal Uterine Bleeding

Objective: Office endometrial biopsy using an endometrial cell sampler is an accepted method of obtaining endometrial tissue for histopathologic evaluation in women with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB). Manual vacuum aspiration (MVA) is considered an alternative method, but data specific to the use of MVA is limited. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of MVA compared to endometrial cell sampler for diagnosing causes of AUB. Materials and Methods: This prospective study enrolled women aged ≥35 years who presented with AUB during August 2015 to June 2016. For each patient, endometrial biopsy using an endometrial cell sampler was first performed followed by MVA. Correlation of endometrial histopathology between methods were analyzed using Kappa statistic. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were evaluated. Results: Of the 162 patients enrolled, the data from 151 women were analyzed. Correspondence of histopathologic finding between tissue obtained from endometrial cell sampler and MVA was 72.8% (Kappa: 0.51). Correspondence of histopathologic finding between tissue obtained from MVA and the final most severe pathology used for treatment decision was 84.1% (Kappa: 0.72). MVA diagnosed all cases of malignancy, but endometrial cell sampler missed one case of malignancy. The overall sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of MVA was 84.5%, 100%, 100%, and 91.2%, respectively. Conclusion: The histopathologic findings of MVA were in good agreement with those of endometrial cell sampler, and MVA had high accuracy for diagnosing endometrial pathology. MVA is suggested as a reliable alternative procedure for endometrial biopsy in women with AUB

Low Complication Rate Associated with Total Laparoscopic Hysterectomies Using the Retroperitoneal Approach: A Series of 1,092 Cases in Siriraj Hospital

Objective: This study was performed to evaluate the incidence of and risk factors for major complications associated with the Siriraj total laparoscopic hysterectomy (SiTLH) technique. Methods: In total, 1,092 patients who underwent SiTLH from January 2009 to December 2013 were enrolled in this retrospective study. The incidence of major complications such as death, vascular injury, visceral injury was the main outcome. Comparison between the patients with and without complications was such as unintended laparoconversion, vascular injury, visceral injury performed to determine associated risk factors. Patient satisfaction was also evaluated. Results: The incidence of major complications was 2.1%. There was a significantly increased risk of major complications among the patients with a uterine weight of ≥500 g (7.5% vs 1.8%, P =0.002), the patients with a uterine weight of ≥400 g and pelvic endometriosis (14.3% vs 1.9%, P =0.033), or experience of surgeon <15 years (2.9% vs 1.2%, P=0.049). In total, 1,031 (94.4%) of the patients were extremely satisfied with the results of surgery. Conclusion: SiTLH technique is feasible and safe. However, the authors believe that good surgical skills and an understanding of the pelvic anatomy are essential to ensure good outcomes using our technique

Influence of test parameters on in vitro fracture resistance of post-endodontic restorations: a structured review

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/75093/1/j.1365-2842.2009.01940.x.pd

Creating and Evaluating the Effectiveness of Computer Assisted Instruction Program Subject Engineering Economy Chapter 1-4.

รายงานวิจัย--มหาวิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีราชมงคลพระนคร,2553Rajamangala University of Technology Phra Nakho

Competency Assessment for Administrators Under Jurisdiction the Office of Vocational Education Commission

รายงานการวิจัย--มหาวิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีราชมงคลพระนคร, 2553This research aimed to assess the competency for vocational education administrators under Jurisdiction the Office of Vocational Education Commission, Ministry of Education by using the Needs Assessment Process to assess their 5 core competencies and 11 functional competencies. The samples were 201 vocational education administrators. The questionnaire was used for data collection. The statistics were percentage, mean, and standard deviation, respectively. The findings were summarized as follows: 1. In overall, the vocational education administrators had high levels for core and functional competencies. 2. The competencies were ordered based on its mean as follows: 2.1 Core competencies: moral and ethics, good governance, team work, achievement motivation and expertise 2.2 Functional competencies: self confidence, leadership, empowering others, organization awareness, human resources development,vision,self control,works control and monitoring, analytical thinking, communication and strategic orientation.Rajamangala University of Technology Phra Nakho