Cure libre : élément de guérison ou droit à la misère

Dans cet article, l’auteure décrit la triste expérience d’un jeune schizophrène qui, après un séjour de 5 ans dans une institution à sécurité maximum, a tenté de se réadapter lui-même. Elle montre les difficultés que la famille a rencontrées en essayant de faire de son mieux pour ce jeune homme. Paradoxalement, son article montre aussi comment le respect pour les droits d’un individu peuvent quelque fois manquer leur but et créer seulement de la misère pour la personne concernée. Cette histoire offre de la matière à penser en plus de tenter d’exposer le tango de la bureaucratie et la vision stéréotypée et irréaliste du personnel de la santé publique et de l’administration qui, dans leur nouvelle approche, font face à la maladie mentale comme si ce n’était juste qu’une autre maladie.In this article, the author describes the sad experience of a young schizophrenic who, after a five years stay in a maximum security institution, tried to make the readjustment on his own. She points out the difficulties the family met as it tried to do its best to help this young man.Paradoxically, her article also shows how "respect" for individual rights may sometimes miss the mark and create only misery for the person concerned. This story offers much food for thought as it also attempts to expose the tangle of bureaucratic redtape and the unrealistic stereotyped view of public health personnel and administrators who in their new approach deal with mental illness as if it were just any other illness

Chronicle

Az ELTE BTK Távol-keleti Intézet 2022–2023-as rendezvényeinek krónikája

Anonymus a 9. századi Kárpát-medence bolgár fejedelmeiről

While Romanian historiography has almost expropriated and used the work of the Hungarian Anonymus written around 1210 as a quasi 'national' source concerning the ethnic conditions in the Carpathian Basin at the end of the 9th century, Bulgarian historiography has just discovered Anonymus recently, and on the basis of his information it supposes the presence of Slav and Bulgarian population on large territories of the Carpathian Basin before 895 (the Hungarian conquest) under the power of princes Salanus, Glad and /Menumorout, who had been the subjects of the Bulgarian ruler, and therefore they had been appointed by him. This study refutes this contention. It generally gives judgement against Romanian and Bulgarian scholars for not taking into consideration the work of Anonymus as a whole, and ignoring the results of Hungarian scholars concerning the credibility of Anonymus, but without methodical examination they accept certain contentions of Anonymus, which are favourable for their hypothesis, taking them out of the context of the Gesta. Both general considerations and specific ascertainments suggest that the Bulgarian princes mentioned by Anonymus at the end of the 9th century, among whom Glad and Menumorout are also expropriated by the Romanians, are not real historical figures, but are the products of the imagination of the gesta writer. The name of prince Salanus has evolved from the first part of the toponym 'Szalankemen' (now Slankamen in Yugoslavia), which is mentioned in the gesta as 'Zoloncaman', and is provided with a Latin -us ending. Prince Glad is resurrected by Anonymus from the medieval toponym 'Galad' (now Ghilad in Romania). In the second part of the name of prince Menumorout (-morout) the ethnic name 'Moravian' can be found, in Bihar county two medieval settlements had this name, the first part (Menu-) corresponds with the Hungarian word 'men' meaning male horse, stallion, and refers to the manliness of the bearer. Anonymus himself mentioned that Menumorout had several concubines. The study finally concludes to the fact that Romanian and Bulgarian historiography cannot establish any reliable contentions on the 9th century history of the Romanians" and" Bulgarians on the basis of the information provided by Anonymus

Alpine ethnobotany in Italy: traditional knowledge of gastronomic and medicinal plants among the Occitans of the upper Varaita valley, Piedmont

A gastronomic and medical ethnobotanical study was conducted among the Occitan communities living in Blins/Bellino and Chianale, in the upper Val Varaita, in the Piedmontese Alps, North-Western Italy, and the traditional uses of 88 botanical taxa were recorded. Comparisons with and analysis of other ethnobotanical studies previously carried out in other Piemontese and surrounding areas, show that approximately one fourth of the botanical taxa quoted in this survey are also known in other surrounding Occitan valleys. It is also evident that traditional knowledge in the Varaita valley has been heavily eroded. This study also examined the local legal framework for the gathering of botanical taxa, and the potential utilization of the most quoted medicinal and food wild herbs in the local market, and suggests that the continuing widespread local collection from the wild of the aerial parts of Alpine wormwood for preparing liqueurs (Artemisia genipi, A. glacialis, and A. umbelliformis) should be seriously reconsidered in terms of sustainability, given the limited availability of these species, even though their collection is culturally salient in the entire study area

Crystal Structure of EHEC Intimin: Insights into the Complementarity between EPEC and EHEC

Enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) O157:H7 is a primary food-borne bacterial pathogen capable of causing life-threatening human infections which poses a serious challenge to public health worldwide. Intimin, the bacterial outer-membrane protein, plays a key role in the initiating process of EHEC infection. This activity is dependent upon translocation of the intimin receptor (Tir), the intimin binding partner of the bacteria-encoded host cell surface protein. Intimin has attracted considerable attention due to its potential function as an antibacterial drug target. Here, we report the crystal structure of the Tir-binding domain of intimin (Int188) from E. coli O157:H7 at 2.8 Å resolution, together with a mutant (IntN916Y) at 2.6 Å. We also built the structural model of EHEC intimin-Tir complex and analyzed the key binding residues. It suggested that the binding pattern of intimin and Tir between EHEC and Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) adopt a similar mode and they can complement with each other. Detailed structural comparison indicates that there are four major points of structural variations between EHEC and EPEC intimins: one in Domain I (Ig-like domain), the other three located in Domain II (C-type lectin-like domain). These variations result in different binding affinities. These findings provide structural insight into the binding pattern of intimin to Tir and the molecular mechanism of EHEC O157: H7

Crystal Structure of EHEC Intimin: Insights into the Complementarity between EPEC and EHEC

Enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) O157:H7 is a primary food-borne bacterial pathogen capable of causing life-threatening human infections which poses a serious challenge to public health worldwide. Intimin, the bacterial outer-membrane protein, plays a key role in the initiating process of EHEC infection. This activity is dependent upon translocation of the intimin receptor (Tir), the intimin binding partner of the bacteria-encoded host cell surface protein. Intimin has attracted considerable attention due to its potential function as an antibacterial drug target. Here, we report the crystal structure of the Tir-binding domain of intimin (Int188) from E. coli O157:H7 at 2.8 Å resolution, together with a mutant (IntN916Y) at 2.6 Å. We also built the structural model of EHEC intimin-Tir complex and analyzed the key binding residues. It suggested that the binding pattern of intimin and Tir between EHEC and Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) adopt a similar mode and they can complement with each other. Detailed structural comparison indicates that there are four major points of structural variations between EHEC and EPEC intimins: one in Domain I (Ig-like domain), the other three located in Domain II (C-type lectin-like domain). These variations result in different binding affinities. These findings provide structural insight into the binding pattern of intimin to Tir and the molecular mechanism of EHEC O157: H7