355 research outputs found
The Nativity Scene Case: An Error of Judgment
On March 22, 1985, Professor of Law, Norman Dorsen of New York University School of Law, delivered the Georgetown Law Center’s fifth Annual Philip A. Hart Memorial Lecture: Nativity Scenes and Judicial Responsibility.
Norman Dorsen is Counselor to the President of New York University and Stokes Professor of Law, NYU School of Law, where he has taught since 1961. He is co-director of the Arthur Garfield Hays Civil Liberties Program and was the founding director of NYU\u27s Hauser Global Law School Program in 1994.
Dorsen performed military service in the office of the Secretary of the Army, where he assisted the Army throughout the 1954 Army-McCarthy Hearings. He served as law clerk to Chief Judge Calvert Magruder of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit and to Supreme Court Justice John Marshall Harlan. He is the author or editor of many articles and 16 books on all aspects of constitutional law. He is the founder and was editorial director of the International Journal of Constitutional Law 2003-2009 (I•CON).
Dorsen served as president of the American Civil Liberties Union 1976-1991. Earlier, while general counsel to the ACLU, he argued many Supreme Court cases including those that won for juveniles the right to due process, upheld constitutional rights of out-of-wedlock children, and advanced abortion rights. He also helped write petitioner’s brief in Roe v. Wade and appeared amicus curiae in the Gideon case, the Pentagon Papers case and the Nixon Tapes case.
Dorsen was the founding president of the Society of American Law Teachers and the founding president of the U.S. Association of Constitutional Law, an affiliate of the International Association of Constitutional Law. Dorsen also was a founding member of the governing board of the International Association of law Schools. He was chair for four years of the Lawyers Committee for Human Rights (now Human Rights First) and has chaired U.S. Government commissions for the Department of Health, Education and Welfare and the Treasure Department.
Among other honors, he received the Medal of Liberty from the French Minister of Justice in 1983 and the Eleanor Roosevelt Medal for contributions to human rights from Bill Clinton in 2000. In 2007, the Association of American Law Schools presented him with its first triennial award for “lifetime contributions to the law and to legal education.
VillageSoup: Sustaining News in a Rural Setting
In rural Camden, Maine, Richard Anderson has found a formula for sustainable news coverage in an age when the Internet seems to be killing the news business. He began by starting an online-only news site for the community in 1996, an ambitious and early web presence. By specializing in quick, hard news, community service, citizen involvement, and community leadership, Anderson built an audience for his VillageSoup website. But the community had a moribund weekly newspaper that soaked up much of the advertising revenue. After five years of online-only news, Anderson started his own weekly paper newspaper that republished his web content. Today, Anderson has a sustainable multimedia enterprise, and a business model that could serve as the savior for weekly newspapers in communities with a population around 30,000. VillageSoup may be the first genuine example of alternative news media reaching sustainability
Socioeconomic inequalities in childhood exposure to secondhand smoke before and after smoke-free legislation in three UK countries
Background: Secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure is higher among lower socioeconomic status (SES) children. Legislation restricting smoking in public places has been associated with reduced childhood SHS exposure and increased smoke-free homes. This paper examines socioeconomic patterning in these changes.<p></p>
Methods: Repeated cross-sectional survey of 10 867 schoolchildren in 304 primary schools in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. Children provided saliva for cotinine assay, completing questionnaires before and 12 months after legislation.<p></p>
Results: SHS exposure was highest, and private smoking restrictions least frequently reported, among lower SES children. Proportions of saliva samples containing <0.1 ng/ml (i.e. undetectable) cotinine increased from 31.0 to 41.0%. Although across the whole SES spectrum, there was no evidence of displacement of smoking into the home or increased SHS exposure, socioeconomic inequality in the likelihood of samples containing detectable levels of cotinine increased. Among children from the poorest families, 96.9% of post-legislation samples contained detectable cotinine, compared with 38.2% among the most affluent. Socioeconomic gradients at higher exposure levels remained unchanged. Among children from the poorest families, one in three samples contained > 3 ng/ml cotinine. Smoking restrictions in homes and cars increased, although socioeconomic patterning remained.<p></p>
Conclusions Urgent action is needed to reduce inequalities in SHS exposure. Such action should include emphasis on reducing smoking in cars and homes
Identification of bacteria associated with feline chronic gingivostomatitis using culture-dependent and culture-independent methods
Feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCGS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the oral cavity that causes severe pain and distress. There are currently no specific treatment methods available and little is known regarding its aetiology, although bacteria are thought to play a major role. The purpose of this study was to identify the oral bacterial flora in normal and diseased cats. Oral swabs were obtained from the palatoglossal folds of eight cats (three normal and five FCGS) and were subjected to microbiological culture. Pasteurella pneumotropica and Pasteurella multocida subsp. multocida were the most prevalent species identified by culture methods in the normal and FCGS samples, respectively. Bacteria were also identified using culture-independent methods (bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequencing). For the normal samples, 158 clones were analysed and 85 clones were sequenced. Capnocytophaga canimorsus (10.8% of clones analysed) was the predominant species. Uncultured species accounted for 8.2% of clones analysed, and 43.7% of clones analysed represented potentially novel species. For the FCGS samples, 253 clones were analysed and 91 clones were sequenced. The predominant species was P. multocida subsp. multocida (51.8% of clones analysed). Uncultured species accounted for 8.7% of clones analysed, and 4.7% of clones analysed represented potentially novel species. It is concluded that the oral flora in cats with FCGS appears to be less diverse than that found in normal cats. However, P. multocida subsp. multocida is found to be significantly more prevalent in FCGS than in normal cats and consequently may be of aetiological significance in this disease. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserve
From AAA to Junk: Credit rating agencies as news sources in the Irish print-media during the economic crisis, 2008–2013
From AAA to Junk: Credit rating agencies as news sources in the Irish print-media during the economic crisis, 2008–201
Hero or anti-hero?: Narratives of newswork and journalistic identity construction in complex digital megastories
Exploring constructions of journalistic identity in a digital age has been a lively area of
scholarship as the field of digital journalism studies has grown (Franklin 2013, 2014; Steensen
and Ahva 2015). Yet despite many approaches to understanding digital change, key avenues
for understanding changing constructions of identity remain underexplored. This paper
addresses a conceptual void in research literature by employing semiotic and semantic
approaches to analyse performances of journalistic identity in narratives of newswork
facilitated by and focused on digital megaleaks. It seeks to aid understanding of the way
narratives describe changing practices of newsgathering, and how journalists position
themselves within these hybrid traditional/digital stories. Findings show news narratives
reinforce the primacy of journalists within traditional boundaries of a journalistic field, and
articulate a preferred imagination of journalistic identity. Methodologically, this paper shows
how semantic and semiotic approaches lend themselves to studying narratives of newswork
within journalistic metadiscourses to understand journalistic identity at the nexus of
traditional and digital dynamics. The resultant portrait of journalistic identity channels a sociohistoric,
romantic notion of the journalist as “the shadowy figure always to be found on the
edges of the century’s great events” (Inglis 2002, xi), updated to accommodate modern, digital
dynamics
Constraints on Nucleon Decay via "Invisible" Modes from the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory
Data from the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory have been used to constrain the
lifetime for nucleon decay to ``invisible'' modes, such as n -> 3 nu. The
analysis was based on a search for gamma-rays from the de-excitation of the
residual nucleus that would result from the disappearance of either a proton or
neutron from O16. A limit of tau_inv > 2 x 10^{29} years is obtained at 90%
confidence for either neutron or proton decay modes. This is about an order of
magnitude more stringent than previous constraints on invisible proton decay
modes and 400 times more stringent than similar neutron modes.Comment: Update includes missing efficiency factor (limits change by factor of
2) Submitted to Physical Review Letter
A Search for Neutrinos from the Solar hep Reaction and the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background with the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory
A search has been made for neutrinos from the hep reaction in the Sun and from the diffus
Measurement of the Total Active 8B Solar Neutrino Flux at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory with Enhanced Neutral Current Sensitivity
The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO) has precisely determined the total
active (nu_x) 8B solar neutrino flux without assumptions about the energy
dependence of the nu_e survival probability. The measurements were made with
dissolved NaCl in the heavy water to enhance the sensitivity and signature for
neutral-current interactions. The flux is found to be 5.21 +/- 0.27 (stat) +/-
0.38 (syst) x10^6 cm^{-2}s^{-1}, in agreement with previous measurements and
standard solar models. A global analysis of these and other solar and reactor
neutrino results yields Delta m^{2} = 7.1^{+1.2}_{-0.6}x10^{-5} ev^2 and theta
= 32.5^{+2.4}_{-2.3} degrees. Maximal mixing is rejected at the equivalent of
5.4 standard deviations.Comment: Submitted to Phys. Rev. Let
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