Mapping and Characterization of Physical-Natural Units in the Municipality of Massapê, Ceará

The research Mapping and Characterization of the Physical-Natural Units of the Municipality of Massap Cear aims to shed light on the geographical and environmental richness of the backcountry region of northeastern Brazil exploring the complexity of the northeastern hinterland In this way it covers the mapping of physical-natural units in the municipality of Massap in the state of Cear considering its importance for territorial planning and environmental management the characterization of the nature of the municipality allows the understanding of the dynamics and interactions between the environment and the human activities providing relevant data for preservation and sustainable development strategies It is concluded that the research contributes significantly to the integrated understanding of the geographic space in question providing valuable information for the reader s knowledge and for the preservation of its geodiversity and sustainable management of the regio

Antibacterial and Solubility Analysis of Experimental Phytotherapeutic Paste for Endodontic Treatment of Primary Teeth

Objective: To evaluate the antibacterial effect and the solubility of experimental root canal filling pastes containing the phytoconstituents terpineol and cinnamaldehyde. Material and Methods: Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of each phytoconstituent was determined against Enterococcus faecalis. Five groups of antibiotic pastes based on zinc oxide were obtained by mixing: only terpineol, only cinnamaldehyde, terpineol and cinnamaldehyde combined, chlorhexidine (antibiotic control), and CTZ paste (control paste). Antibacterial activity was analyzed through direct contact test within 24 and 72 hours. Solubility was evaluated by spectrophotometry within 48 and 144 hours. Antibacterial activity data were analyzed descriptively, and solubility data was analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey tests (p<0.05). Results: The MIC obtained for terpineol and cinnamaldehyde were, respectively, 2000 μg/mL and 500 μg/mL. After 24h, only the terpineol paste did not inhibit E. faecalis growth. After 72h, all groups inhibited E. faecalis growth. After 48h, the highest solubility was verified in the terpineol paste (p<0.05), and no differences were detected among other groups (p>0.05). After and 144h, highest solubility was observed in the terpineol paste (p<0.05), followed by the CTZ paste (p<0.05). No differences were detected for cinnamaldehyde, terpineol+cinnamaldehyde and chlorhexidine pastes (p>0.05). Conclusion: Pastes containing cinnamaldehyde or terpineol+cinnamaldehyde showed antibacterial activity against E. faecalis similar to CTZ paste, with lower solubility

Antibacterial and Solubility Analysis of Experimental Phytotherapeutic Paste for Endodontic Treatment of Primary Teeth

Objective: To evaluate the antibacterial effect and the solubility of experimental root canal filling pastes containing the phytoconstituents terpineol and cinnamaldehyde. Material and Methods: Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of each phytoconstituent was determined against Enterococcus faecalis. Five groups of antibiotic pastes based on zinc oxide were obtained by mixing: only terpineol, only cinnamaldehyde, terpineol and cinnamaldehyde combined, chlorhexidine (antibiotic control), and CTZ paste (control paste). Antibacterial activity was analyzed through direct contact test within 24 and 72 hours. Solubility was evaluated by spectrophotometry within 48 and 144 hours. Antibacterial activity data were analyzed descriptively, and solubility data was analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey tests (p<0.05). Results: The MIC obtained for terpineol and cinnamaldehyde were, respectively, 2000 μg/mL and 500 μg/mL. After 24h, only the terpineol paste did not inhibit E. faecalis growth. After 72h, all groups inhibited E. faecalis growth. After 48h, the highest solubility was verified in the terpineol paste (p<0.05), and no differences were detected among other groups (p>0.05). After and 144h, highest solubility was observed in the terpineol paste (p<0.05), followed by the CTZ paste (p<0.05). No differences were detected for cinnamaldehyde, terpineol+cinnamaldehyde and chlorhexidine pastes (p>0.05). Conclusion: Pastes containing cinnamaldehyde or terpineol+cinnamaldehyde showed antibacterial activity against E. faecalis similar to CTZ paste, with lower solubility

Contribuições da perspectiva crítica de base histórico-cultural para a produção científica em psicologia educacional

The present study seeks to map the productions in the scope of educational and school psychology and, more specifically, in the scientific articles that show a critical perspective in this area. This is done by emphasizing the importance of monitoring scientific production and its possibility of indicating the quality and directions taken by the production of knowledge. In order to achieve this, we have conducted a bibliographical search of the online versions published between 2007 and 2011, available in the journal Psicologia Escolar e Educacional (Educational and School Psychology), which is a biannual publication of Associação Brasileira de Psicologia Escolar e Educacional (ABRAPEE - Brazilian Association of Educational and School Psychology). Overall, 134 articles were analyzed. The results indicate that 17 articles (12.69%) were classified in the critical perspective. Each study discusses important aspects of educational and school psychology, focusing on the role of school psychologists, teacher education, and the critical stance of school agents. All the articles selected were based on the cultural-historical theory, one of the critical approaches of psychology used to help understand educational phenomena, which are considered in this study as essentially psychosocial. This survey can be seen as a platform to evaluate the academic undergraduate and graduate background of psychology students in the field of education and similar areas, and it provides a deeper view on how contemporary educational and school psychology has been configured and its impact on professional practices guided by a critical perspective.Com ênfase na importância do monitoramento da produção científica, podendo o mesmo indicar qualidade da e rumos tomados pela produção do saber, o presente estudo visa a mapear as produções no âmbito da psicologia escolar educacional e, mais especificamente, nos artigos científicos que apresentem uma perspectiva crítica nessa área. Para tanto, foi realizada uma busca bibliográfica das versões on-line, publicadas entre 2007 e 2011, disponíveis na página da revista Psicologia Escolar e Educacional, publicação semestral da Associação Brasileira de Psicologia Escolar e Educacional (ABRAPEE). Ao todo, foram analisados 134 artigos. Os resultados apontaram que 17 artigos (12,69%) foram classificados na perspectiva crítica. Cada estudo trata de importantes aspectos da psicologia escolar educacional, tendo como foco o papel do psicólogo na escola, a formação docente e a postura crítica dos agentes escolares. Todos os artigos selecionados fundamentam-se na teoria histórico-cultural, uma das abordagens críticas da psicologia resgatadas para a compreensão dos fenômenos educacionais, aqui considerados essencialmente psicossociais. Entende-se que esse levantamento representa um instrumento de fundamentação e de questionamento na formação acadêmica (graduação e pós-graduação) de alunos de psicologia, da área de educação e de áreas afins, e propicia um maior aprofundamento acerca de como vem se configurando a psicologia escolar educacional contemporânea e dos impactos nas práticas profissionais orientadas por uma perspectiva crítica

PRIMARY RENAL LYMPHOMA IN TWO CATS: CASE REPORT

Lymphoma is a hematopoietic neoplasia which occurs due to the proliferation of malignant lymphocytes. It can be present in different forms, including alimentary, mediastinal, multicentric and extranodal.   In both cases described in this report, signs consistent with chronic kidney disease were present. An ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration was performed and suggested a lymphocyte neoplastic process. Both cats received prednisolone and life support treatment, with mild improvement. One cat was euthanatized and the other died spontaneously, five and seven days after onset of treatment, respectively. The kidneys were enlarged, whitish, irregular, with a firm mass in the cortex. Histopathology confirmed that the lymphoma was restricted to the kidneys

Laboratory model to evaluate the influence of stress and corrosion in the formation of non-carious cervical lesions

Objetivo: Idealizar e testar um modelo laboratorial para simulação da etiologia multifatorial de lesões cervicais não cariosas, que permita avaliar o desenvolvimento dessas lesões com níveis crescentes de complexidade, com ênfase na tensão e na corrosão, visando contribuir com o esclarecimento dos mecanismos que conduzem à sua formação. Métodos: Os corpos de prova foram construídos com incisivos bovinos cortados na forma de palitos com 18 × 3 × 3 mm, com um entalhe na região cervical da parede voltada para a polpa, a fi m de concentrar as tensões na superfície da junção cemento-esmalte quando engastados no extremo apical e carregados em dobramento no extremo incisal. Um grupo foi imerso em água destilada e outro em solução tampão de acetato pH 4,5 durante 72 h. Cada grupo foi dividido em três subgrupos: sem carga e com carga (800 gf) para provocar tração ou para provocar compressão. Após o ensaio, os espécimes foram processados para histologia em lamelas de 0,05 mm, fotografados em microscópio de luz, e os danos foram avaliados. Conclusão: O modelo laboratorial desenvolvido permite a medida precisa da profundidade de perda e desmineralização de tecido dentário de corpos de prova submetidos ou não à tensão, bem como observar a ocorrência de outros danos como trincas e fraturas, o que torna possível inferir a influência da tensão de tração e compressão na etiologia das lesões cervicais não cariosas. O modelo poderá ser futuramente enriquecido com a possibilidade de aplicação cíclica de cargas e desafi os abrasivos intercalados.Objective: To conceive and test a laboratory model that simulates the multifactorial etiology of non-carious cervical lesions. The model enables researchers to assess the pathological process with increasing levels of complexity, focusing on tension and corrosion. The model is aimed at clarifying the mechanisms that lead to the development of these lesions. Methods: Specimens were manufactured from bovine incisors cut into 18 × 3 × 3 mm sticks, with a notch in the cervical region facing the pulp, in order to concentrate the stresses on the surface of the cementum-enamel junction when fi xed at the apical end and loaded for bending on the incisal edge. One group was immersed in distilled water and the other in pH 4.5 acetate buffer for 72 h. Each group was divided into three subgroups: one subgroup without loading, and two subgroups submitted to loading (800 gf) to cause either compression or tensile stress. After the test, 0.05 mm histological lamellae of the specimens were processed and photographed using a light microscope, and the damages were assessed. Conclusion: The laboratory model that was developed enabled the precise measurement of the depth of loss and demineralization of tooth tissue in the specimens, whether submitted to stress or not. The formation of other damages, such as cracks and fractures, could also be observed; this made it possible to infer the infl uence of compressive and tensile stresses on the etiology of non-carious cervical lesions. The model can be further enhanced by making it possible to apply cyclic loads and interspersed abrasive challenges

Concentração de auditoria no mercado de capitais brasileiro

This paper is aimed at evaluating the degree of independent audit services concentration in the Brazilian capital market between 2000 and 2009, and raising positive and negative aspects associated with this concentration. The empirical tests were based on the number of customers in the portfolio, total assets and net revenues of the companies listed at Bovespa. Using the benchmark parameters of the Brazilian antitrust authorities, no evidence that the audit market concentration in Brazil enables the coordinated exercise of market power was found. Using the criteria of the U.S. antitrust authorities, it was found that the audit market is concentrated in Brazil, with mixed results as to the level of concentration. Regarding the impacts of concentration, the duality related to the hypothesis structure-conduct-performance (HEP) and efficient structure (HEE) prevails in the literature. The first assumes that a more concentrated industry will behave opportunistically, while the second predicts that the concentration is due to the elimination of less efficient institutions for more efficient ones.O estudo teve por objetivo avaliar o grau de concentração dos serviços de auditoria independente no mercado de capitais brasileiro entre 2000 e 2009 e levantar aspectos positivos e negativos associados a essa concentração. Os testes empíricos tiveram por base o número de clientes em carteira, os ativos totais e as receitas líquidas das empresas listadas na Bovespa. Tendo como benchmark os parâmetros das autoridades antitrustes brasileiras, não foram encontradas evidências de que a concentração do mercado de auditoria no Brasil viabiliza o exercício coordenado de poder de mercado. Utilizando os critérios das autoridades antitrustes dos EUA, constatou-se que o mercado de auditoria no Brasil é concentrado, com resultados mistos quanto ao nível dessa concentração. Quanto aos impactos da concentração, prevalece na literatura a dualidade relacionada às hipóteses estrutura-conduta-performance (HEP) e estrutura eficiente (HEE). A primeira pressupõe que uma indústria mais concentrada se comportará oportunisticamente, enquanto a segunda prevê que a concentração é decorrência da eliminação de instituições menos eficientes pelas mais eficientes

Usuários de álcool e outras drogas na Rede de Atenção Psicossocial: Cuidado de Enfermagem

Objective: To analyze the production of care provided by the nursing team to users of alcohol and other drugs in the Psychosocial Care Network. Methods: Exploratory and descriptive study with a qualitative approach, developed with 11 professionals from the nursing team working in three health services of the Network, located in a city in the interior of Bahia, Brazil. Data were collected between December 2017 and February 2018 using semi-structured interviews. Results: The results point to users' access to the Network based on refer and reference; the reception activities have been developed only by the Psychosocial Care Centers and the emotional bond has been shown to be fragile. Conclusion: It is concluded that nursing care in the Network has been developed in a fragmented and punctual way, therefore, devices such as access, reception and bonding must be worked with the entire health team in favor of comprehensive care.Objetivo: Analizar la producción de cuidados del equipo de enfermería para usuarios de alcohol y drogas en la Red de Atención Psicosocial. Método: Estudio exploratorio y descriptivo con enfoque cualitativo, desarrollado con 11 profesionales del equipo de enfermería que trabajan en tres servicios de salud de la Red, ubicados en una ciudad del interior de Bahía, Brasil. Los datos fueron recolectados entre diciembre de 2017 y febrero de 2018 mediante entrevista semiestructurada. Resultados: Los resultados apuntan al acceso de los usuarios a la Red a través de reenvío y referencia; las actividades de acogida han sido desarrolladas únicamente por los Centros de Atención Psicosocial y se ha demostrado que el vínculo es frágil. Conclusión: Se concluye que el cuidado de enfermería en la Red se ha desarrollado de manera fragmentada y puntual, por lo que dispositivos como el acceso, la recepción y el vínculo deben trabajarse con todo el equipo de salud a favor de la atención integral.Objetivo: Analisar a produção do cuidado da equipe de enfermagem aos usuários de álcool e outras drogas na Rede de Atenção Psicossocial. Método: Estudo exploratório e descritivo de abordagem qualitativa, desenvolvido com 11 profissionais da equipe de enfermagem atuantes em três serviços de saúde da Rede, localizados num município do interior da Bahia, Brasil. Os dados foram coletados entre dezembro de 2017 e fevereiro de 2018 utilizando-se da entrevista semiestruturada. Resultados: Os resultados apontam para um acesso dos usuários a Rede a partir de encaminhamentos e referências; as atividades de acolhimento têm sido desenvolvidas apenas pelos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial e o vínculo tem se demonstrado como frágil. Conclusão: Conclui-se que o cuidado de enfermagem na Rede tem se desenvolvido de modo fragmentado e pontual, logo, dispositivos como acesso, acolhimento e vínculo devem ser trabalhados com toda equipe de saúde em prol de uma assistência integral

Photobiomodulation for Oral Mucositis – A Microcosting and Budget Impact Analysis from a Brazilian Perspective

Objective: To measure the costs of preventive and therapeutic protocols of Photobiomodulation (PBM) for oral mucositis (OM) and their budgetary impact on Brazil’s Ministry of Health (BMH). Material and Methods: A partial economic analysis was performed to estimate the costs using a bottom-up approach from a social perspective. Monetary values were assigned in Brazilian reais (BRL). The costs of the preventive protocol were calculated for five, 30, and 33 consecutive PBM sessions, depending on the antineoplastic treatment instituted. The costs of the therapeutic protocol were calculated for 5 or 10 sessions. The annual financial and budgetary impact was calculated considering the groups of oncologic patients with a higher risk of development of OM, such as those with head and neck and hematological cancer and pediatric patients. Results: The cost of a PBM session was estimated at BRL 23.75. The financial impact of providing one preventive protocol per year for all oncologic patients would be BRL 14,282,680.00, 0.030% of the estimated budget for hospital and outpatient care of the BMH in 2022. The financial and budgetary impacts of providing one treatment for OM for all patients in one year would be BRL 2,225,630.31 (0.005%, most optimistic scenario) and BRL 4,451,355.63 (0.009%, most pessimistic scenario). Conclusion: The budgetary impact of implementing PBM protocols in the Brazilian Healthcare System is small, even in a pessimistic scenario