Conhecimentos tradicionais em torno das plantas medicinais e currículo do ensino de ciências

ABSTRACT. Evolution of scientific knowledge over the centuries and technological aspects and innovations led to what we call "cultural metamorphosis" in several areas. Through its activities and the prevailing ideology of "science as the sole and/or main source of truth" we face the loss or stagnation of popular knowledge acquired in decades - such as traditional knowledge about medicinal plants - which is being replaced by pharmaceutical knowledge that is, in a contradictory way, also produced based on the knowledge of "traditional experts”. Through research in locus in the Agrovila Nova Conquista, in Açailândia, Maranhão State, we found a high diversity of medicinal plants (42 species) found in this area and we identified their use with medicinal purpose. From recorded interviews, informal conversations and theoretical reading, we build a proposed pedagogical approach in science teaching in the Basic Education School Oziel Alves in Açailândia, Maranhão State, which may contribute to the articulation between elements of the local reality and the contents worked in science education at the school in question.RESUMEN. La evolución del conocimiento científico a lo largo de los siglos, más allá de sus aspectos tecnológicos e innovaciones, propició lo que podemos llamar “metamorfosis cultural” en diversas áreas. Por medio de su actuación y de la ideología de la “ciencia como única y principal fuente de verdad” deparamos   la pérdida o inmovilización de los conocimientos populares adquiridos en décadas, tales como el conocimiento tradicional sobre las Plantas Medicinales, los cuales vienen siendo sustituidos por el conocimiento farmacéutico que contradictoriamente también es producido en base al conocimiento de los “especialistas tradicionales”. Por medio de una pesquisa  in locus  en la  Agro villa Nueva Conquista, en el  municipio de Açailândia, Estado de Maranhão, encontramos una alta diversidad de plantas medicinales (42 especies) en esta área y su uso con fine medicinales. A partir de entrevistas grabadas, conversaciones informales y de la lectura del referencial teórico, construimos una propuesta pedagógica para la enseñanza de ciencias en la escuela de Educación Básica Oziel Alves en Açailândia-MA, que podrá contribuir a una articulación entre elementos de la realidad local y los contenidos trabajados en la enseñanza de las ciencias en la escuela en cuestión.A evolução do conhecimento científico ao longo dos séculos, além dos aspectos tecnológicos e inovações, propiciou o que podemos chamar de “metamorfose cultural” em diversas áreas. Por meio de sua atuação e da ideologia predominante da “ciência como única e/ou principal fonte de verdade” nos deparamos com a perda ou estagnação de conhecimentos populares adquiridos em décadas, tais como o conhecimento tradicional sobre Plantas Medicinais, os quais vêm sendo substituídos pelo conhecimento farmacêutico que contraditoriamente também é produzido com base no conhecimento dos “especialistas tradicionais”. Por meio de uma pesquisa in lócus na Agrovila Nova Conquista, no município de Açailândia, Estado do Maranhão, encontramos alta diversidade de plantas medicinais (42 espécies) encontradas nesta área, visto que detectamos seu uso com finalidades medicinais. A partir de entrevistas gravadas, conversas informais e da leitura de referencial teórico, construímos uma proposta pedagógica no ensino de ciências na escola de Educação Básica Oziel Alves em Açailândia-MA, que poderá contribuir para uma articulação entre elementos da realidade local e os conteúdos trabalhados no ensino de ciências na escola em questão.  Palavras-chave: Plantas Medicinais, Educação do Campo, Amazônia.   Traditional knowledge of medicinal plants and science education curriculum ABSTRACT. Evolution of scientific knowledge over the centuries and technological aspects and innovations led to what we call "cultural metamorphosis" in several areas. Through its activities and the prevailing ideology of "science as the sole and/or main source of truth" we face the loss or stagnation of popular knowledge acquired in decades - such as traditional knowledge about medicinal plants - which is being replaced by pharmaceutical knowledge that is, in a contradictory way, also produced based on the knowledge of "traditional experts”. Through research in locus in the Agrovila Nova Conquista, in Açailândia, Maranhão State, we found a high diversity of medicinal plants (42 species) found in this area and we identified their use with medicinal purpose. From recorded interviews, informal conversations and theoretical reading, we build a proposed pedagogical approach in science teaching in the Basic Education School Oziel Alves in Açailândia, Maranhão State, which may contribute to the articulation between elements of the local reality and the contents worked in science education at the school in question. Keywords: Medicinal Plants, Rural Education, Amazon.   Conocimientos tradicionales sobre las plantas medicinales y el currículo de enseñanza de ciencias RESUMEN. La evolución del conocimiento científico a lo largo de los siglos, más allá de sus aspectos tecnológicos e innovaciones, propició lo que podemos llamar “metamorfosis cultural” en diversas áreas. Por medio de su actuación y de la ideología de la “ciencia como única y principal fuente de verdad” deparamos   la pérdida o inmovilización de los conocimientos populares adquiridos en décadas, tales como el conocimiento tradicional sobre las Plantas Medicinales, los cuales vienen siendo sustituidos por el conocimiento farmacéutico que contradictoriamente también es producido en base al conocimiento de los “especialistas tradicionales”. Por medio de una pesquisa  in locus  en la  Agro villa Nueva Conquista, en el  municipio de Açailândia, Estado de Maranhão, encontramos una alta diversidad de plantas medicinales (42 especies) en esta área y su uso con fine medicinales. A partir de entrevistas grabadas, conversaciones informales y de la lectura del referencial teórico, construimos una propuesta pedagógica para la enseñanza de ciencias en la escuela de Educación Básica Oziel Alves en Açailândia-MA, que podrá contribuir a una articulación entre elementos de la realidad local y los contenidos trabajados en la enseñanza de las ciencias en la escuela en cuestión. Palabras clave: Plantas Medicinales, Educación Rural, Amazonia

The workaholism as an obstacle to safety and well-being in the workplace

The work aholism, defined as addiction at work, increase burnout and negatively affects the psychological well-being. It was developed a quantitative study using self-reported measures. This study aims to evaluate the variables: passion for work, work engagement, engagement for life and job satisfaction as predictors of workaholism and the effects of workaholism on the psychological well-being and burnout. With a sample of 199 workers, the results of multiple linear regression analysis allowed to identify that some of the variables and their dimensions have significant effects on the workaholism and on psychological well-being and burnout

The use of carrageenan for limiting the mandibular movement in rats : a preliminary experimental study

Purpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate if the carrageenan may be used for limiting the mandibular movement. Material and Methods: Eighteen adult male Wistar rats were used for the research, 20 µl of carrageenan (4%) was infiltrated in the extra articular region, in front of the condyle to induce fibrosis. The rats were divided into groups according to the time of euthanasia (7, 15 and 30 days). Maximal mouth opening (MMO), mandibular deviation, initial and final weights were recorded and evaluated. After the euthanasia, the specimens were submitted to histological study in order to classify the inflammatory process using scores. Results: The mean differences between initial and final MMO were 1.50 mm, being greatest at the 7 days evaluation and lowest at 30 days, and were not statistically significant at any time. No mandibular deviation was observed at any of the times of evaluation. The histological scores tended to increase with time of evaluation from 7 to 30 days, but without progression of the process. Conclusion: The study model permitted the development of fibrosis in the extra-articular region in the majority of the animals

EDUCAÇÃO, REDES SOCIAIS E SISTEMAS COLABORATIVOS

O presente artigo discute como os espaços de colaboração e de formação são estruturados e materializados nas redes sociais, onde espaços de formação não formais e informais têm como objetivo a popularização da ciência. Os dados e materiais utilizados no trabalho são recuperados da partir da “Fã Page Mundo da Ciência” e do grupo de discussão na mesma página, todos on-line no Facebook

Anesthesia for Videolaparoscopic Cholecystectomy in a Patient with Steinert Disease. Case Report and Review of the Literature

SummaryBackground and objectivesMyotonic dystrophies are autosomal dominant neuromuscular diseases. Among them, myotonic dystrophy type 1 (MD1), or Steinert disease, is the most common in adults, and besides muscular involvement it also has important systemic manifestations. Myotonic dystrophy type 1 poses a challenge to the anesthesiologist. Those patients are more sensitive to anesthetics and prone to cardiac and pulmonary complications. Besides, the possibility of developing malignant hyperthermia and myotonic episodes is also present.Case reportThis is a 39-year old patient with DM1 who underwent general anesthesia for videolaparoscopic cholecystectomy. Total intravenous anesthesia with propofol, remifentanil, and rocuronium was the technique chosen. Intercurrences were not observed in the 90-minute surgical procedure, but after extubation, the patient developed respiratory failure and myotonia, which made tracheal intubation impossible. A laryngeal mask was used, allowing adequate oxygenation, and mechanical ventilation was maintained until full recovery of the respiratory function. The patient did not develop further complications.ConclusionsMyotonic dystrophy type 1 presents several particularities to the anesthesiologist. Detailed knowledge of its systemic involvement along with the differentiated action of anesthetic drugs in those patients will provide safer anesthetic-surgical procedure

Nursing assistance in child care in Brazil: an integrative literature review / Assistência de enfermagem na puericultura no Brasil: uma revisão integrativa da literatura

INTRODUCTION: Childcare begins with nursing after prenatal care when the nurse accompanies the pregnant woman and performs actions and guidance on the care of the baby. OBJECTIVE: To describe the importance of the nurse's assistance in the child care consultation. METHODOLOGY: This is an integrative review of the literature. The inclusion criteria were: original articles, in the period of 2013-2017; in the Portuguese language. RESULTS: The studies revealed that through reception, bonding, qualified listening and prior scheduling it is possible to guarantee the quality of care and a better adherence of this family to the childcare program. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that the role of nursing in childcare begins from its gestation, through guidelines for the care that this pregnant woman will have with her baby at birth, neonatal screening, such as the test of the foot, test of the ear, tongue test, eye and little heart test, immunization surveillance, body hygiene, guidance on breastfeeding and the child's first meals and follow-up of growth and development

A desinstitucionalização e as alternativas habitacionais ao dispor de indivíduos com perturbações mentais: Um novo modelo habitacional – A habitação apoiada

Desde o início do processo de desinstitucionalização desinstitucionalização que este se tem vindo a deparar com dificuldades. Passando pelos poucos recursos ao dispor dos serviços de saúde mental, à tendência para trabalhar com os elementos que apresentam maiores probabilidades de sucesso, à não articulação entre os serviços hospitalares e os centros comunitários de saúde mental, até à falta de investimentos em alternativas habitacionais de carácter permanente. Estas têm sido algumas das situações a que os consumidores de serviços de saúde mental se têm sujeitado. Actualmente, assistimos à emergência de um paradigma que assenta na crença de que se deverá prestar apoio a estes consumidores numa casa tipicamente normal, com uma vivência na comunidade, em que o apoio é disponibilizado consoante as necessidades de cada indivíduo sem que exista uma limitação temporal à sua prestação. Torna-se assim necessário criar novos papéis para os técnicos, no sentido de que estes ajudem os consumidores a escolher, a obter, e a manter uma habitação. É pois urgente o desenvolvimento de um conjunto diversificado de alternativas habitacionais que se baseiem nos recursos e capacidades das comunidades locais, no sentido de garantir que o processo de desinstitucionalização se conclua com sucesso. Palavras-chave: desinstitucionalização, habitação apoiada, satisfação dos consumidores, doença mental.ABSTRACT: Since its beginning the deinstitutiondeinstitutionalization process has faced some difficulties, such as the mental health services lack of resources, the trend to work with the individual who presents higher probability of success, the lack of articulation between hospital services and community mental health centers, and the lack of investments on accommodations for long periods of time. These are some of the situations that consumers of mental health services have endured. Nowadays we witness the emerging of a paradigm which lies on the idea that these consumers need to be supported at a ordinary house, living in community, where the support is provided according to each person’s needs, and without a time limit. This paradigm also creates a need for the professionals to find new roles so that they will be able to help the consumers to choose, get, and keep a home. To ensure the success of deinstitutionalization it is vital that the establishment of different alternatives of accommodation be based on communities’ resources and capabilities.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio