Processo De Preparação De Novos Trialcoxissilanos Com Grupos Reativos Derivados Da Uréia

Compreendendo a síntese de novos agentes sililantes a partir da reação do precursor do tipo trialcoxissilano com várias aminas alifáticas de cadeia carbônica de diferentes tamanhos, pela rota sintética em meio homogêneo e em condições anidras, onde acontece, a formação de uma nova função química, formando um derivado da ureia do tipo -NH-C=O-NH-.BR9903110 (B1); BR9903110 (A)C07F7/18C07F7/18BR19999903110C07F7/18C07F7/1

Toxicity and genotoxicity in Astyanax bimaculatus (Characidae) induced by microcystins from a bloom of Microcystis spp

Studies of genotoxicity in fish caused by cyanobacterial microcystins can be useful both in determining the sensitivity of native species, as well as comparing exposure routes. The genotoxicity caused by the microcystins LR and LA from a bloom collected in a eutrophic lake, was revealed in the fish Astyanaxbimaculatus, a native species from South America. LC50 (72 h) was determined as 242.81 μg L -1 and LD50 (72 h) as 49.19 μg kg -1 bw. There was a significant increase of DNA damage in peripheral erythrocytes, following intraperitoneal injection (ip) with tested concentrations of 24.58 μg kg -1 bw and 36.88 μg kg -1 bw, as well as through body exposure to a concentration of 103.72 μg L -1 . Micronucleus (MN) induction was observed after ip injections of 24.58 μg kg -1 bw and 36.88 μg kg -1 bw for 72 h, as well as following body exposure for 72 at 103.72 μg L -1 . Thus, both exposure routes resulted in MN induction and DNA damage. Apoptosis-necrosis testing was carried out only by ip injection with concentrations of 24.58 μg kg -1 bw and 36.88 μg kg- 1 bw. Exposure to microcystins at lower concentrations induced more apoptosis than necrosis in peripheral erythrocytes, whereas exposure at higher concentrations gave rise to both conditions. Thus, Astyanax bimaculatus can be considered as a species sensitive to the genotoxic effects caused by microcystins

Testando as previsões de trade-off e pecking order sobre dividendos e dívida no Brasil

This article shows that the Brazilian companies have a low target payout ratio, although the local tax code favors dividends' distributions. The dividends paid present fast adjustment to current earnings, but part of the short-term variation in earnings is still absorbed by debt. Confirming predictions shared by the trade-off and pecking order models, more profitable firms and less levered firms have higher dividend payouts. Consistent with the pecking order model, dividends do not vary in the short-term to accommodate investments. Finally, more profitable firms and firms with fewer investments are less levered, accepting the pecking order hypothesis against the trade-off one.Este trabalho mostra que as companhias brasileiras distribuem uma proporção pequena dos lucros em dividendos apesar da legislação favorável. Os dividendos pagos são rapidamente ajustados ao lucro corrente, mas parte da variação de curto prazo nos lucros é absorvida por dívida. De acordo com a previsão comum dos modelos de trade-off e pecking order, as firmas mais lucrativas e menos endividadas distribuem uma maior proporção. Ainda de acordo com a pecking order, os dividendos não sofrem variações de curto prazo para acomodar os investimentos. Finalmente, as firmas mais lucrativas e que menos investem são as menos endividadas, favorecendo a pecking order contra trade-off

GASTOS COM PESSOAL E ELEMENTOS DE PERFORMANCE EMPRESARIAL: ESTUDO NO SETOR FINANCEIRO DA B3 - BRASIL, BOLSA, BALCÃO

The objective of this study is to verify the variation in the behavior of personnel expenses, considering the variables ROE, ROA, net margin (NM), total assets (TA), net equity (NE), net profit (NP), and intermediation revenue (RI). As a quantitative approach, this research had the data interpreted statistically with the aid of Eviews 9.0 / SPPS 22. The results show that there is a significant positive relationship between personnel expenses with TA (0.992), NE (0.924), NP (0.933), and IR (0.981). However, there was no significant correlation between personnel expenses with ROE, ROA, and NM. Additionally, it was identified that the TA and NP have significance at the level of 1% in the regression model, and involving these latter variables can explain 98.8% of the behavior of personnel expenses.El objetivo de este estudio es verificar la variación en el comportamiento de los gastos de personal, considerando las variables ROE, ROA, margen neto (ML), activo total (TA), patrimonio (PL), utilidad neta (LL) e ingresos de intermediación (IR). Desde un enfoque cuantitativo, esta investigación tuvo los datos interpretados estadísticamente con la ayuda de Eviews 9.0 / SPPS 22. Los resultados muestran que existe una relación positiva significativa entre los gastos de personal con los activos totales (0,992); PL (0,924); LL (0,933) y RI (0,981). Sin embargo, no hubo una correlación significativa entre los gastos de personal con ROE, ROA y ML. Adicionalmente, se identificó que TA y PL tienen significación a nivel de 1% en el modelo de regresión, e involucrando estas últimas variables son capaces de explicar el 98,8% del comportamiento de los gastos de personal.O objetivo deste estudo é verificar a variação no comportamento dos gastos com pessoal, considerando as variáveis ROE, ROA, margem líquida (ML), ativo total (AT), patrimônio líquido (PL), lucro líquido (LL) e receita de intermediação (RI). De abordagem quantitativa, esta pesquisa teve os dados interpretados estatisticamente com o auxílio do Eviews 9.0/SPPS 22. Os resultados mostram que há relação significativa positiva dos gastos com pessoal com ativo total (0,992); PL (0,924); LL (0,933) e RI (0,981). Entretanto, não se constatou correlação significativa dos gastos com pessoal com ROE, ROA e ML. Adicionalmente identificou-se que o AT e PL possuem significância ao nível de 1%, no modelo de regressão, e envolvendo essas últimas variáveis são capazes de explicar 98,8% do comportamento dos gastos com pessoal

GASTOS COM PESSOAL E ELEMENTOS DE PERFORMANCE EMPRESARIAL: ESTUDO NO SETOR FINANCEIRO DA B3 - BRASIL, BOLSA, BALCÃO

The objective of this study is to verify the variation in the behavior of personnel expenses, considering the variables ROE, ROA, net margin (NM), total assets (TA), net equity (NE), net profit (NP), and intermediation revenue (RI). As a quantitative approach, this research had the data interpreted statistically with the aid of Eviews 9.0 / SPPS 22. The results show that there is a significant positive relationship between personnel expenses with TA (0.992), NE (0.924), NP (0.933), and IR (0.981). However, there was no significant correlation between personnel expenses with ROE, ROA, and NM. Additionally, it was identified that the TA and NP have significance at the level of 1% in the regression model, and involving these latter variables can explain 98.8% of the behavior of personnel expenses.El objetivo de este estudio es verificar la variación en el comportamiento de los gastos de personal, considerando las variables ROE, ROA, margen neto (ML), activo total (TA), patrimonio (PL), utilidad neta (LL) e ingresos de intermediación (IR). Desde un enfoque cuantitativo, esta investigación tuvo los datos interpretados estadísticamente con la ayuda de Eviews 9.0 / SPPS 22. Los resultados muestran que existe una relación positiva significativa entre los gastos de personal con los activos totales (0,992); PL (0,924); LL (0,933) y RI (0,981). Sin embargo, no hubo una correlación significativa entre los gastos de personal con ROE, ROA y ML. Adicionalmente, se identificó que TA y PL tienen significación a nivel de 1% en el modelo de regresión, e involucrando estas últimas variables son capaces de explicar el 98,8% del comportamiento de los gastos de personal.O objetivo deste estudo é verificar a variação no comportamento dos gastos com pessoal, considerando as variáveis ROE, ROA, margem líquida (ML), ativo total (AT), patrimônio líquido (PL), lucro líquido (LL) e receita de intermediação (RI). De abordagem quantitativa, esta pesquisa teve os dados interpretados estatisticamente com o auxílio do Eviews 9.0/SPPS 22. Os resultados mostram que há relação significativa positiva dos gastos com pessoal com ativo total (0,992); PL (0,924); LL (0,933) e RI (0,981). Entretanto, não se constatou correlação significativa dos gastos com pessoal com ROE, ROA e ML. Adicionalmente identificou-se que o AT e PL possuem significância ao nível de 1%, no modelo de regressão, e envolvendo essas últimas variáveis são capazes de explicar 98,8% do comportamento dos gastos com pessoal

Apresentação

Apresentação do v. 4, n. 7

National governance and excess mortality due to COVID-19 in 213 countries: a retrospective analysis and perspectives on future pandemics

Background: National governance may have influenced the response of institutions to the Covid-19 pandemic, being a key factor in preparing for the next pandemics. The objective was to analyze the association between excess mortality due to COVID-19 (daily and cumulative per 100 thousand people) and national governance indicators in 213 countries. // Method: Multiple linear regression models using secondary data from large international datasets that are in the public domain were performed. Governance indicators corresponded to six dimensions: (i) Voice and Accountability; (ii) Political Stability and Absence of Violence/Terrorism; (iii) Government Effectiveness; (iv) Regulatory Quality; (v) Rule of Law and (vi) Control of Corruption. The statistical analysis consisted of adjusting a multiple linear regression model. Excess mortality due to COVID-19 was adjusted for potential confounding factors (demographic, environmental, health, economic, and ethnic variables). // Results: The indicators Control of Corruption, Government Effectiveness, Regulatory Quality and Rule of Law had a significant inverse association (p < 0.0001) with the estimated excess mortality in 2020, 2021 and 2022. Furthermore, the governance indicators had a direct significant association (p < 0.0001) with the vaccination variables (People_fully_vaccinated; Delivered population; The total number of vaccination doses administered per 100 people at the country level), except for the variables Vaccination policies and Administration of first dose, which were inversely associated. In countries with better governance, COVID-19 vaccination was initiated earlier. // Conclusion: Better national governance indicators were associated with lower excess mortality due to COVID-19 and faster administration of the first dose of the COVID-19 vaccine

Homeopathic solutions induce production of winged forms in aphid

The aphids control (Brevicoryne brassicae L.) in kale (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala) is one of the main challenges for its production. This obstacle becomes greater in agroecological production systems. Thus, the objective of this study was to verify the formation of winged individuals in colonies of B. brassicae aphids, when exposed to kale treated with homeopathic solutions. The treatments were resistant 5CH, susceptible attacked 5CH, aphid nosode 30CH, and the controls that are water (without dynamization) and distilled water + 70% ethanol 5CH, being applied every day for 15 days. Kale plants were inoculated with aphids and irrigated using homeopathic solutions. After 15 days of inoculation, the plants were removed from the bag and the number of winged forms and nymphs of B. brassicae was counted. Homeopathic preparation Resistant 5CH provided a smaller number of winged individuals and a larger number of nymphs per colony. The plants treated with the susceptible attacked 5CH homeopathy showed a higher number of winged aphids, but a reduced number of nymphs. Aphid nosode 30CH treatment was promising to Brevicoryne brassicae control in kale plants, as it induced polymorphism, presenting a greater number of winged aphids and a reduced number of nymphs per colony.The aphids control (Brevicoryne brassicae L.) in kale (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala) is one of the main challenges for its production. This obstacle becomes greater in agroecological production systems. Thus, the objective of this study was to verify the formation of winged individuals in colonies of B. brassicae aphids, when exposed to kale treated with homeopathic solutions. The treatments were resistant 5CH, susceptible attacked 5CH, aphid nosode 30CH, and the controls that are water (without dynamization) and distilled water + 70% ethanol 5CH, being applied every day for 15 days. Kale plants were inoculated with aphids and irrigated using homeopathic solutions. After 15 days of inoculation, the plants were removed from the bag and the number of winged forms and nymphs of B. brassicae was counted. Homeopathic preparation Resistant 5CH provided a smaller number of winged individuals and a larger number of nymphs per colony. The plants treated with the susceptible attacked 5CH homeopathy showed a higher number of winged aphids, but a reduced number of nymphs. Aphid nosode 30CH treatment was promising to Brevicoryne brassicae control in kale plants, as it induced polymorphism, presenting a greater number of winged aphids and a reduced number of nymphs per colony