ALGUMAS NOTAS ÀS POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS: HISTORICIDADE E POPULAÇÕES

Abstract: the objective of this article is to problematize the historical construction of public policies from Brazil, considering its recent historicity and two specific populations: the homeless people and the LGBT+. We understand that the historicity and the population issue that we have highlighted provide us with analytical questions to think about governability and the historical relationships established between the Brazilian State and the lives under its government. We will be situated in the field of problematization that brings together the theoretical construction and the political-social struggle of militancy in the academy and in social movements, from the social control and the scientific production. We highlight how the current dismantling put the populations we mentioned at risk, while also referring to structural issues of the historical relations between the State and lives in the country, considering the different populations served by Brazilian public policies.Resumen: El objetivo de este artículo es problematizar la construcción histórica de las políticas públicas en Brasil, considerando su historicidad reciente y dos poblaciones específicas: la población callejera y la LGBT+. Entendemos que la historicidad y la cuestión de la población que hemos destacado nos brindan preguntas analíticas para pensar la gobernabilidad y las relaciones históricas establecidas entre el Estado brasileño y las vidas bajo su gobierno. Nos situaremos en el campo de la problematización que conjuga la construcción teórica y la lucha político-social de la militancia en la academia y en los movimientos sociales, a partir del control social y la producción científica. Destacamos cómo el desmantelamiento actual pone en riesgo a las poblaciones mencionadas, al mismo tiempo que también se refieren a cuestiones estructurales de las relaciones históricas entre el Estado y la vida en el país, considerando las diferentes poblaciones atendidas por las políticas públicas brasileñas.O objetivo deste artigo é problematizar a construção histórica das políticas públicas no país, considerando sua historicidade recente e duas populações específicas: a população de rua e a LGBT+. Compreendemos que a historicidade e a questão populacional que destacamos nos fornecem questões analíticas para pensar a governabilidade e as relações históricas estabelecidas entre o Estado brasileiro e as vidas sob seu governo. Estaremos situados no campo de problematização que reúne a construção teórica e a luta político-social da militância na academia e nos movimentos sociais, a partir do controle social e da produção científica. Destacamos como os atuais desmontes colocam em risco as populações que mencionamos, ao mesmo tempo em que também remetem para questões estruturais das relações históricas entre Estado e as vidas no país, considerando as diferentes populações atendidas pelas políticas públicas brasileiras. Palavras-chaves: Políticas públicas. História. População. Rua. LGB

Osseointegrated Implants: A Comprehensive Review

The most common bone disorder found by implant dentists is osteoporosis, which is a systemic skeletal disorder associated with aging, which is characterized by loss of bone mass, making bones fragile and more susceptible to fractures. The World Health Organisation has defined osteoporosis as a bone mineral density level greater than 2.5 standard deviations below the mean of young normal women. After 60 years of age, a third of the population have this disorder, it occurs twice as often in women than in men. It is estimated that 1.3 million fractures and 133,000 all hip fractures occur every year as a result of osteoporosis. This study aimed to discuss aspects of the pharmacological action of Bisphosphonates (BP) and their influence on the bone tissue when associated with treatment with dental implants. There are several types of treatments that prevent or prevent the progression of osteoporosis. So, BP, such as alendronate, are inhibitors of bone resorption. Act as controlling the development of osteoporosis by increasing the process of bone density and decrease its reabsorption, often acting as supporting the process of osseointegration of dental implants

Amphibian Diversity: Where everything starts to flood, Cáceres Municipality, North Pantanal, Central-West Brazil

Faunal inventories contribute to our understanding of regional diversity, and are fundamental for policy and decision-making regarding the management and conservation of large natural areas. This study aimed to inventory and compile information on amphibian species occurring in the North Pantanal region, in the municipal limits of Cáceres, Mato Grosso, Brazil. We used three methods to inventory amphibian species: (1) fieldwork, (2) analysis of specimens deposited in scientific collections, and (3) literature reviews. We registered 49 amphibian species in Cáceres. Of them, 48 species belonged to the Anura order and were distributed across eight families and 20 genera, and one species belonged to the Gymnophiona order (Siphonops paulensis). The families Leptodactylidae (20 spp.) and Hylidae (17 spp.) were dominant in terms of richness, accounting for 75.5% of all species found in Cáceres. The remaining families had between four and one species each. The municipality is strongly influenced by non-forested formations (e.g., the Cerrado and Pantanal) and presents a high species richness for a non-forested location in Brazil. Our findings highlight Cáceres as one of the richest areas in amphibian species in the North Pantanal region, expanding our knowledge regarding frog diversity. This study provides a foundation for future conservation strategies and additional assessments of amphibian species in light of potential population declines and other emerging threats

A PERCEPÇÃO E A LEMBRANÇA EM RASOS D’ÁGUA E BIOLOGIA DO HOMEM

Propõe-se fazer uma análise comparada entre a primeira parte do livro Rasos d’água, intitulada “Copo de mar”, da poetisa brasileira Astrid Cabral, com a sessão “Caminho de candeeira” do livro Biologia do homem, do poeta português Jorge Reis-Sá, a respeito da relação afetiva e familiar. Como fundamentação teórica, será empregada a ideia de memória e da correlação deste termo à vivência, à percepção, à lembrança e ao papel do corpo, discutidos pelo filósofo francês Henri Bergson no livro Memória e vida, enfatizados no capítulo “A memória ou os graus coexistentes da duração”. Complementa-se a análise com breve fortuna crítica dos poetas destacados acima

Metais pesados em solos e plantas forrageiras irrigadas com água do Rio Vieira, Montes Claros, Brasil, contaminada com efluentes de esgoto

There is great concern with soil and plant contamination by heavy metals due to the use of polluted water in agricultural irrigation. In this study, areas irrigated with Vieira River water were evaluated as to contamination by As, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn. The Vieira River receives effluent from Montes Claros city, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. To do so, two irrigated areas were selected, one upstream and one downstream of the Montes Claros city. Wastewater discharge increased the concentration of As and Ni in the water of Vieira River, and consequently, of As, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn in the soil and of As and Zn in forage grasses. However, the content of heavy metals in the soil did not exceed the internationally recommended limits. Pollution load index (PLI) and contamination factor (CF) indicated the existence of pollution and moderate contamination in downstream soils of the city of Montes Claros. Potential ecological risk index (RI) and ecological risk factor (Er) indicated a low ecological risk, but these indicators were higher in downstream soils of Montes Claros. Arsenic (As) was the only heavy metal that featured a transfer factor (TF) higher than the widespread values found in literature and positive geoaccumulation index (Igeo), indicative of anthropogenic pollution.152CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE MINAS GERAIS - FAPEMIGSem informaçãoSem informaçãoSem informaçãoA contaminação de solo e plantas por metais pesados devido ao uso de águas poluídas na irrigação agrícola é motivo de grande preocupação. No presente estudo, áreas irrigadas com água do rio Vieira foram avaliadas quanto a contaminação por As, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb e Zn. Para isso foram selecionadas duas áreas, uma a montante e outra a jusante da cidade de Montes Claros. A descarga de água residuária aumentou a concentração de As e Ni na água do rio Vieira; e, consequentemente, de As, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb e Zn no solo; e de As e Zn em plantas forrageiras. No entanto, os teores de metais pesados no solo não excederam os limites internacionais recomendados. O índice de carga de poluição (PLI) e o fator de contaminação (CF) indicaram existência de poluição e contaminação moderada em solos a jusante da cidade de Montes Claros. O índice de risco ecológico potencial (RI) e o coeficiente de risco ecológico (Er) indicaram baixo risco ecológico, porém esses indicadores foram maiores no solo a jusante de Montes Claros. O As foi o único metal pesado que apresentou fator de transferência (TF) maior que os valores generalizados encontrados na literatura e índice de geoacumulação (Igeo) positivo, indicativo de poluição antropogênica

Multidisciplinary therapy of extensive oligodontia: a case report

Oligodontia is a rare congenital disorder consisting in the absence of six or more teeth. This case report describes a multidisciplinary treatment approach for a 12-year-old male with absence of 11 permanent teeth. Prior to any procedure, all primary teeth were scheduled for extraction due to poor crown-to-root ratio. The treatment plan comprised two phases: 1. orthodontic and speech therapy aimed at overbite and anterior open bite adjustment, as well as tongue position improvement; and 2. prosthetic treatment by insertion of removable temporary partial dentures. The multidisciplinary treatment involving orthodontics, speech and prosthetic therapies have reestablished the masticatory function and aesthetics, allowing the patient to achieve greater self-esteem and better social acceptance.Oligodontia is a rare congenital disorder consisting in the absence of six or more teeth. This case report describes a multidisciplinary treatment approach for a 12-year-old male with absence of 11 permanent teeth. Prior to any procedure, all primary teeth were scheduled for extraction due to poor crown-to-root ratio. The treatment plan comprised two phases: 1. orthodontic and speech therapy aimed at overbite and anterior open bite adjustment, as well as tongue position improvement; and 2. prosthetic treatment by insertion of removable temporary partial dentures. The multidisciplinary treatment involving orthodontics, speech and prosthetic therapies have reestablished the masticatory function and aesthetics, allowing the patient to achieve greater self-esteem and better social acceptance242174178A oligodontia é uma doença rara, congênita, caracterizada pela ausência de seis ou mais dentes. Este relato de caso descreve uma abordagem terapêutica multidisciplinar de um adolescente de 12 anos de idade com ausência de 11 dentes permanentes. Antes de qualquer procedimento, todos os dentes decíduos foram extraídos devido à pobre relação coroa-raiz. O plano de tratamento foi constituído por duas fases: 1. terapia ortodôntica e fonoaudiológica com o objetivo de ajuste de sobre-mordida e mordida aberta anterior, bem como melhoria da posição da língua, e 2. tratamento reabilitador protético através da instalação de próteses parciais removíveis provisórias. A abordagem multidisciplinar envolvendo os tratamentos ortodônticos, fonoaudiológico e protético reestabeleceram a função mastigatória e a estética, melhorando a autoestima e aceitação social do pacient

Relationship between vitamin D deficiency and psychophysiological variables: a systematic review of the literature

Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin that plays a role not only in calcium homeostasis, but also in several other functions, including cell growth and immune functions, and is considered a neurosteroid. Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent worldwide and has been suggested to be associated with an increased risk of emotional disorders. Therefore, the association between vitamin D levels and psychophysiological disorders, such as depression, anxiety, and mood, has been investigated. To list these variables, a bibliographical literature research was conducted in the MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct and PsycINFO databases, between November and December 2020, with no year limits of publication. The studies involved humans aged between 18 and 59 years without associated diseases. This review presents evidence of the main variables involved in this association, main tools used to verify these variables, and methods used to verify circulating vitamin D levels in populations. Most studies have indicated that the main psychophysiological variables involved with vitamin D levels are depression and anxiety followed by mood, and an association has been observed between increased serum vitamin D levels and reduction in symptoms of depression, anxiety, and mood, and there is a heterogeneity of methods for assessing vitamin D. More studies are clearly needed to improve our understanding of their role in modulating the psychophysiological aspects of vitamin D levels

CRESCIMENTO INICIAL DE ITAÚBA E MACACAÚBA EM RECIPIENTES DE DIFERENTES TAMANHOS

The dimensions of the container affect both the production cost and the quality of seedlings of forest species, and the pattern of response of these depends on the specificity of the species. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of size of containers on the initial growth of forest species Mezilaurus itauba Taub. ex Mez and Platymiscium ulei Harms. Two experiments were conducted concomitantly in nursery conditions, using the completely randomized design with five replicates. The treatments comprised of six sizes of containers: 20 cm x 15 cm (T1), 20 cm x 20 cm (T2), 23 cm x 20 cm (T3), 25 cm x 20 cm (T4), 30 cm x 20 cm (T5) and 33 cm x 23 cm (T6). After 90 days of growth, the size of containers affects differently the quality of the seedlings of both the species. The size of container 25 x 20 cm is more appropriate for the cultivation of macacaúba species while the best response to itaúba was obtained for the container 33 x 23 cm. On the other hand, the containers 20 x 15 cm and 20 x 20 cm should not be used for any of the tested species.As dimensões do recipiente afetam tanto o custo de produção quanto a qualidade das mudas de espécies florestais, e o padrão de resposta destas é dependente da especificidade da espécie. Objetivou-se com o presente estudo avaliar o efeito do tamanho de recipientes no crescimento inicial das espécies florestais Mezilaurus itauba Taub. ex Mez e Platymiscium ulei Harms. Foram conduzidos dois experimentos concomitantemente, em condições de viveiro, utilizando-se o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com cinco repetições. Os tamanhos de recipientes testados equivaleram-se a 20 x 15 cm (T1); 20 x 20 cm (T2); 23 x 20 cm (T3); 25 x 20 cm (T4); 30 x 20 cm (T5) e 33 x 23 cm (T6). Aos 90 dias após o transplantio das plântulas, verificou-se que o tamanho de recipientes afeta, de maneira diferenciada, a qualidade das mudas tanto de macacaúba quanto de itaúba. Sendo o recipiente 25 x 20 cm mais indicado para o cultivo da espécie macacaúba, enquanto que para a itaúba recomenda-se o recipiente de dimensões 33 x 23 cm. Por outro lado, os recipientes 20 x 15 cm e 20 x 20 cm não devem ser utilizados para nenhuma das espécies avaliadas

EVALUATION OF FEEDING RATES IN THE PRODUCTION OF LITOPENAEUS VANNAMEI SHRIMP USING ARTIFICIAL SUBSTRATES

The objective of this study was to evaluate the the influence of feeding rate and different artificial substrates on both the water quality and growth performance of Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp. The experimental design was randomized blocks with five treatments and four replicates, with a density of 30 shrimp m-2 and mean weight of 2.8 g. The experiment lasted 49 days, and during this period, artificial substrates did not influence the water quality. The increase in the feeding rate influenced the dissolved oxygen of treatments. The final average weight, average final length, final biomass, productivity, and feed conversion rate showed significant differences (p > 0.05). The best food conversion factor was provided by the treatment with a feeding rate of 2%. The treatment with a feeding rate of 4% of biomass showed the best growth performance, except for the feed conversion rate. Results showed that for the percentage of 25% of the area of artificial substrates, there is an optimum feeding rate of between 5.13% and 5.54% of shrimp biomass, resulting in maximum production.Keywords: Biofilm, natural food, diets, shrimp farming