AS MOVIMENTAÇÕES OPERÁRIAS E OS SINDICATOS NA JUSTIÇA DO TRABALHO DE PELOTAS (1940-1950)

The following article aims to comprehend labor union’s participation within Labor Justice’s processes from 1940 to 1950. The period in questioncomprehends a temporal space during which conflicts between employees, government, labor union, and employers aggravated, contributing to a series of strikes, political disagreements, and several judicial confrontations. In most cases, employees’ requests were for salary increases and vacation payments. Being the purpose of this article together with the careful reading of the processes, analyze the participation of workers, given the difficulties identified in the period covered.O presente artigo busca compreender a participação dos sindicatos dentro dos processos da Justiça do Trabalho de 1940 a 1950. O período em questão compreende um espaço temporal em que os conflitos entre trabalhadores, governo, sindicatos e empregadores se agravaram, contribuindo para uma série de greves, desacordos políticos e diversos embates judiciais. Em sua maioria, os pedidos dos trabalhadores eram por aumento de salários e pagamento de férias. Sendo o intuito deste artigo em conjunto com a leitura atenta dos processos, analisar a participação dos trabalhadores, visto as dificuldades identificadas no período abordado

Segurança do Trabalho na Construção Civil: Uma Revisão Literária

Desde tempos atrás é sabido que a construção civil tornou-se uma atividade do tipo que envolve a mão de obra do trabalhador direta, minudenciar o uso de máquinas e equipamentos devido à própria atividade. Os riscos que os trabalhadores da construção civil estão expostos são grandes e todos eles podem comprometer a integridade física e/ou a saúde dos operários. Todavia, quando procuramos buscar pela promoção da proteção de todos envolvidos neste setor, é aplicada a Engenharia de Segurança no Trabalho a qual dispõe de programas, equipamentos e especificações que devem ser adotadas para garantir a integridade física e mental destes trabalhadores. Dada a importância que a Engenharia de Segurança representa para a construção civil, a presente pesquisa tem por objetivo realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre a importância da segurança no trabalho aplicada ao setor da construção civil para a redução de acidentes. Para o desenvolvimento do trabalho, optou-se pela pesquisa bibliográfica e descritiva, pois se trata de métodos que permitem a busca científica do conhecimento com base em material já elaborado

MoS2 and MoS2 Nanocomposites for Adsorption and Photodegradation of Water Pollutants: A Review

The need for fresh and conveniently treated water has become a major concern in recent years. Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanomaterials are attracting attention in various fields, such as energy, hydrogen production, and water decontamination. This review provides an overview of the recent developments in MoS2-based nanomaterials for water treatment via adsorption and photodegradation. Primary attention is given to the structure, properties, and major methods for the synthesis and modification of MoS2, aiming for efficient water-contaminant removal. The combination of MoS2 with other components results in nanocomposites that can be separated easily or that present enhanced adsorptive and photocatalytic properties. The performance of these materials in the adsorption of heavy metal ions and organic contaminants, such as dyes and drugs, is reviewed. The review also summarizes current progress in the photocatalytic degradation of various water pollutants, using MoS2-based nanomaterials under UV-VIS light irradiation. MoS2-based materials showed good activity after several reuse cycles and in real water scenarios. Regarding the ecotoxicity of the MoS2, the number of studies is still limited, and more work is needed to effectively evaluate the risks of using this nanomaterial in water treatment.publishe

Síntese e Caracterização Estrutural de Complexos Metálicos de Cu(II) para Modificação de Eletrodo de Carbono Vítreo por Adsorção Química

The copper complexes has been synthesized resulting in a yield of 90%. The melting point of the complex and UV-Vis spectroscopy suggested complexation with high purity. The atomic absorption spectroscopy flame determined, together with the gravimetric analysis, the stoichiometric ratio obtained between metal and ligand for the complex. The potentiometric titration proposed which active sites are related to coordination with the metal, such coordination’s sites were confirmed by infrared spectroscopy. Studies about the adsorption of chemical modifiers in the glassy carbon of the electrode surface resulting in obtaining ideal conditions for the electrode modification estimating the exact time of contact with modifier sunder ultrasound in different means of dissolution. The electrochemical properties of the electrodes howed improvements in electrochemical response to the redox couple Fe3-/4- than the unmodified electrode through organic dissolution. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17807/orbital.v8i2.80

Reinforcement of starch film with Castanea sativa shells polysaccharides: Optimized formulation and characterization

Chestnut (Castanea sativa) shells, generated from the peeling process of the fruit, contains appreciable amounts of lignin and cellulose. In this work, a starch-based film reinforced with these polysaccharides was developed. Response Surface Methodology was employed to optimize the composition of the film with improved elongation, tensile strength, and elasticity modulus properties. The optimal film was characterized regarding structural, optical barrier and thermal properties. The optimum composition was obtained with 10% (w/w) fibers and 50% (w/w) glycerol; the elongation responses, tensile strength and modulus of elasticity reached values of 34.19%, 7.31 N and 4.15 N, respectively. The values of tension strength and modulus of elasticity were approximately 3.5 times higher than those obtained for the control film. The reinforced film was opaque and exhibited improved water solubility, UV-barrier capacity, and thermal stability compared to control. The optimized starch film based on chestnut shells fibers’ has the potential to produce biodegradable food packaging with improved properties.The authors are grateful to Sortegel for the chestnut samples. This work received financial support from project “PTDC/ASP-AGR/29277/ 2017 - Castanea sativa shells as a new source of active ingredients for functional food and cosmetic applications: a sustainable approach”, supported by national funds by FCT/MCTES and co-supported by Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional (FEDER) throughout COMPETE 2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029277). This work was also financial supported by the project Chestfilm, supported by “La Caixa” Foundation and Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia through the 4th edition of Promove program “O Futuro do Interior”, and by UID/QUI/50006/2020, with funding from FCT/MCTES through national funds and by the Research Unit on Applied Molecular Biosciences - UCIBIO, which is financed by national funds from FCT/MCTES (UIDP/04378/2020 and UIDB/04378/2020) and the project LA/P/0140/2020 of the Associate Laboratory Institute for Health and Bioeconomy - i4HB. Francisca Rodrigues and Elsa F. Vieira acknowledge the FCT for their work contracts (CEECIND/01886/2020 and CEECIND/03988/2018, respectively), supported by national funds (OE). Authors also thanks the project SYSTEMIC “an integrated approach to the challenge of sustainable food systems: adaptive and mitigatory strategies to address climate change and malnutrition“. The Knowledge hub on Nutrition and Food Security, has received funding from national research funding parties in Belgium (FWO), France (INRA), Germany (BLE), Italy (MIPAAF), Latvia (IZM), Norway (RCN), Portugal (FCT), and Spain (AEI) in a joint action of JPI HDHL, JPI-OCEANS and FACCE-JPI launched in 2019 under the ERA-NET ERA- HDHL (n◦ 696295).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Growth, mortality, and reproduction of Tagelus plebeius (Bivalvia: Solecurtidae) in Southeast Brazil

Tagelus plebeius (Lightfoot, 1786) is a stout razor clam that is economically exploited in several countries, including several local fisheries along the Brazilian coast. Despite its wide distribution and economic importance, there are few studies that have examined the population biology of this species. This study aimed to improve the current knowledge about the biology of T. plebeius by investigating its growth and mortality on a subtropical sandy beach in Southeast Brazil over a 1-year period. In addition, the reproduction of T. plebeius was analyzed through qualitative and quantitative histological analyses during the last 7 months of the study. The parameters of the von Bertalanffy growth function were estimated to be L∞ = 74.14 mm, K = 0.52 year−1, C = 0.47, and WP = 0.94. The instantaneous mortality rate (Z) was 2.16 year−1, and the life span was 2.58 years. We confirmed variations (H = 651.35; P < 0.05) in the shell length over the months of the study, and the recruitment was higher—but still low—in summer. Four cohorts were observed in the distribution of shell length frequencies. The sex ratio of the population was 1:1 during the study period, and a synchronism in gonadal development and spawning was found between males and females. The high mortality (Z) and low recruitment rates can be interpreted as reflecting that the population of T. plebeius is under a low restoration process and could be an indication that this species has an endangered status in the study area.Tagelus plebeius (Lightfoot, 1786) is a stout razor clam that is economically exploited in several countries, including several local fisheries along the Brazilian coast. Despite its wide distribution and economic importance, there are few studies that ha69112FAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOCAPES - COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIORCNQP - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO06/53561-6SEM INFORMAÇÃOSEM INFORMAÇÃOWe would like to thank R.F. Daolio, C.C. Taffarello, and F.S. MacCord, who contributed to the fieldwork. This work was supported by the Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo-FAPESP (06/53561-6), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de

Pescando saberes: sustentabilidade ambiental em contextos escolares

Trabalho apresentado no 31º SEURS - Seminário de Extensão Universitária da Região Sul, realizado em Florianópolis, SC, no período de 04 a 07 de agosto de 2013 - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina.Objetivando a prática de ações sustentáveis em contextos escolares o Programa Ecologia e Sustentabilidade Ambiental do Instituto de Ciências Biológicas da FURG, direciona suas ações extencionistas para os professores e alunos da rede básica do ensino público. A oficina “Pescando saberes” tem como principal objetivo estimular a valorização dos ambientes aquáticos continentais integrando de forma multidisciplinar a universidade com as comunidades escolares. A oficina será dividida em três momentos, respectivamente: Sensibilização: Quebra-gelo; Desenvolvimento: “Tá estressado? Vai pescar!; Conclusão: Reflexão coletiva e troca de saberes. O processo de avaliação a ser vivenciado pelos participantes da proposta basear-se-á nas premissas da metodologia de avaliação participativa e processual. Ultrapassar as fronteiras da universidade e adentrar esses espaços permite que os jovens e adultos integrados ao projeto, possam vivenciar uma ação de protagonistas, tornando-se multiplicadores das ações, assumindo assim, um compromisso social com os saberes produzidos e potencializados pela universidade

Síntese e Caracterização Estrutural de Complexos Metálicos de Cu(II) para Modificação de Eletrodo de Carbono Vítreo por Adsorção Química

The copper complexes has been synthesized resulting in a yield of 90%. The melting point of the complex and UV-Vis spectroscopy suggested complexation with high purity. The atomic absorption spectroscopy flame determined, together with the gravimetric analysis, the stoichiometric ratio obtained between metal and ligand for the complex. The potentiometric titration proposed which active sites are related to coordination with the metal, such coordination’s sites were confirmed by infrared spectroscopy. Studies about the adsorption of chemical modifiers in the glassy carbon of the electrode surface resulting in obtaining ideal conditions for the electrode modification estimating the exact time of contact with modifier sunder ultrasound in different means of dissolution. The electrochemical properties of the electrodes howed improvements in electrochemical response to the redox couple Fe3-/4- than the unmodified electrode through organic dissolution. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17807/orbital.v8i2.80

O real da existência como realidade fraturada: universos oníricos e sobrenaturalidade em Onde estivestes de noite e Aurélia

Propomos-nos a realizar um percurso comparativo entre as obras Onde estivestes de noite (1999), de Clarice Lispector, e Aurélia (1986), de Gérard de Nerval. Percebendo alinhamentos nas suas construções composicionais, especialmente no que se refere à atuação ativa dos narradores, e, no conteúdo temático, a uma representação que faz uso do onírico e do sobrenatural, propomos uma compreensão que aproxima as obras nesse contexto. Para nossa análise, as obras de teóricos como Todorov e Roas servem para perceber efeitos e construções que se assemelham aos empregados pelo fantástico. No caso das menções a Todorov, também é relevante a importância que Aurélia tem para sua definição do gênero. Defendemos, assim, a hipótese de que a obra de Nerval é uma precursora da de Lispector. DOI: https://doi.org/10.47295/mgren.v8i3.221

Heavy metal exchangeable in an Oxisol with surface application of flue dust, aqueous lime, sewage sludge and limestone

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar alguns atributos químicos do solo e a disponibilidade de cádmio (Cd), cromo (Cr), níquel (Ni), mercúrio (Hg), chumbo (Pb) e arsênio (As), por meio da extração pelo DTPA, em conseqüência da aplicação superficial de escória de aciaria, lama cal e lodos de esgoto centrifugados e de biodigestores, nas doses 0 (testemunha), 2, 4 e 8 Mg ha-1 e um tratamento adicional composto pela calagem superficial na dose 2 Mg ha-1. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, em condições de campo, em área sob sistema plantio direto, durante 2003 e 2004. A aplicação superficial de escória de aciaria, lama cal, lodo de esgoto centrifugado e de biodigestor, até a dose 8 Mg ha-1, assim como o calcário na dose2 Mg ha-1, não trazem problemas de disponibilidade ao ambiente, com relação aos metais pesados Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb, Ni e As, quando aplicados sobre a superfície em Latossolo Vermelho distrófico, no sistema plantio direto. A fitodisponibilidade de metais pesados às culturas da soja e aveia-preta foi nula, quando foram aplicadas doses de até 8 Mg ha-1 de lodo de esgoto, escória e lama cal sobre a superfície do solo, no sistema plantio direto.The objective of this work was to evaluate the soil chemical attributes and exchange of cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb) and arsenic (As) by DTPA extractor in an Oxisol with surface application of flue dust, aqueous lime, sewage sludge in rates of zero (control), 2, 4 and 8 Mg ha-1 and one additional treatment of dolomitic limestone at 2 Mg ha-1. The experiment was carried out in a randomized blocks design under field conditions, in a no-tillage system in 2003 and 2004. The surface applications of flue dust, aqueous lime and sewage sludge centrifuge and biodigestor at 8 Mg ha-1, as well as the application of limestone at 2 Mg ha-1, cause no problems of exchange to the environment, related to the heavy metals Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb, Niand As, when applied on an Oxisol surface in no-till system. The bioavailability of heavy metals to soybean and black-oat cultures was zero, when were applied 8 Mg ha-1 sewage sludge, flue dust, and aqueous lime on soil surface in no-till system