O uso do software livre na educação básica na Escola Antônio Guedes

Lack of knowledge about how to work with free programs hinders the integration of ICT in educational activities in public schools in Patos - PB. Since 2011, has been carried out an extension project that aims to enable the students of Antônio Guedes state school to work with free software. The project contributes to the digital inclusion of students, as only 12% have computer at home. Moreover, it helps in the fight to reduce social exclusion, as the project has a social dimension.O desconhecimento sobre como trabalhar com programas livres difi culta a inserção das TIC em atividades pedagógicas nas escolas públicas municipais de Patos – PB. Desde 2011, vem sendo desenvolvido um projeto de extensão que visa capacitar alunos da escola pública Antônio Guedes para trabalhar com programas livres. O projeto contribui para a inclusão digital dos alunos, já que apenas 12% dispõem de computador em casa. Além disso, colabora na luta para diminuir a exclusão, já que este tem uma dimensão social.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.35700/ca.2016.ano3n5.p102-106.193

HANCORNIA SPECIOSA GOMES COLONIZATION IN RESTINGA ENVIRONMENTS IN TROPICAL CLIMATE AREAS

The presence of Hancornia speciosa Gomes (mangabeira) in tropical climate areas is linked to the edaphoclimatic conditions demanded by this specie that is found in Brazil, spread from the state of Amapá to Espírito Santo. The general objective of this study was to discuss the colonization of Hancornia speciosa Gomes in restinga environments in tropical climate areas. It is an research is applied type research, with a qualitative-quantitative approach, emphasising procedures as bibliographical and documentary research, besides 49 technical visits in the spatial between the years of 2013 and 2019, that it was included Master's and Doctoral studies, funded by CAPES and CNPq. The adoption of a geographic concept of restinga allowed a better visualization and analysis of this environment, which presents the ideal soil and climate conditions for mangrove development, eventhough it has been threatened to the detriment, mainly, of urban sprawl. It is worth mentioning the proposal of classification of the restinga environments, once it allows a better biogeographic analysis of these transition environments in the Dunas - Restinga - Mata Atlântica trinomial. These three formation are considered as the ecological niche of mangabeira. Nowdays, restingas, despite the intense environmental vulnerability process that has transformed the natural environment into an anthropic and fragmented landscape, climatic and soil conditions still produce significant environmental conditions for the development of this specie. It is concluded that the colonization of populations of Hancornia speciosa Gomes in restingas is possible due to the abiotic, biotic factors and the evolutionary capacity of the species, represented by the dispersion

NPK combinations mitigate the deleterious effects of salt stress on the morphophysiology of West Indian Cherry

Under salt stress, plant growth and development are negatively affected due to physiological changes,requiring strategies such as fertilization management to minimize these effects. In this scenario, this study aimedto evaluate the effect of combinations of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium on the growth, leaf waterstatus, electrolyte leakage, and gas exchange of West Indian Cherry grown under water stress in the secondyear of production. The experiment was conducted in a protected environment in Campina Grande - PB.The treatments were distributed in a randomized block design with a 2 × 10 factorial arrangement with threereplications corresponding to two electrical conductivity levels of irrigation water– ECw (0.6 and 4.0 dS m-1)and ten combinations of fertilization with nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (80-100-100; 100-100-100; 120-100-100; 140-100-100; 100-80-100; 100-120-100; 100-140-100; 100-100-80; 100-100-120, and 100-100-140% of therecommendation in the second year of production). Irrigation with the ECw of 4.0 dS m-1 negatively affectedplant growth, the leaf water status, electrolyte leakage, and the leaf gas exchange of West Indian Cherry.However, the 40% increase (C4 -140-100-100% of the recommended N-P2O5-K2O level) in the nitrogen levelmitigated the deleterious effects of salt stress on the relative water content, internal CO2 concentration, and theCO2 assimilation rate of West Indian Cherry plants in the second year of production.Under salt stress, plant growth and development are negatively affected due to physiological changes,requiring strategies such as fertilization management to minimize these effects. In this scenario, this study aimedto evaluate the effect of combinations of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium on the growth, leaf waterstatus, electrolyte leakage, and gas exchange of West Indian Cherry grown under water stress in the secondyear of production. The experiment was conducted in a protected environment in Campina Grande - PB.The treatments were distributed in a randomized block design with a 2 × 10 factorial arrangement with threereplications corresponding to two electrical conductivity levels of irrigation water– ECw (0.6 and 4.0 dS m-1)and ten combinations of fertilization with nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (80-100-100; 100-100-100; 120-100-100; 140-100-100; 100-80-100; 100-120-100; 100-140-100; 100-100-80; 100-100-120, and 100-100-140% of therecommendation in the second year of production). Irrigation with the ECw of 4.0 dS m-1 negatively affectedplant growth, the leaf water status, electrolyte leakage, and the leaf gas exchange of West Indian Cherry.However, the 40% increase (C4 -140-100-100% of the recommended N-P2O5-K2O level) in the nitrogen levelmitigated the deleterious effects of salt stress on the relative water content, internal CO2 concentration, and theCO2 assimilation rate of West Indian Cherry plants in the second year of production.

IMPACTO DO VÍRUS DA DIARREIA VIRAL BOVINA SOBRE A REPRODUÇÃO

The bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is one of the major pathogens of cattle with a major impact on the economy, it is a single stranded RNA of the family Flaviviridae of the genus Pestivirus, are small envelopes. This virus can infect several animals for being of the genus genus Pestivirus and can affect swine, sheep, other ruminants such as buffalo, where the bovine is more sensitive and is the focus of the present study. This is one of the most studied animals with this pathology. From an epidemiological point of view, animals carrying the virus should be discarded, and about 80% of these animals could be positive for the virus, which would cause a major economic impact if all were discarded. BVDV causes significant changes in animal reproduction and thus has a relevant impact on the economy. Hence, this review paper aims to discuss the main impacts that the BVDV causes on bovine reproduction. The bovine viral diarrhea virus is a major problem on farms, with very high reproductive impact given the possible embryonic losses and births of persistently infected calves, as well as causing significant damage to the dairy economy.O vírus da diarreia viral bovina (BVDV) e um dos principais patógenos de bovinos com um grande impacto sobre a economia, é um RNA fita simples da família Flaviviridae do gênero Pestivirus, são pequenos envelopados. Este vírus pode infectar diversos animais por serem do gênero Pestivirus e podem acometer suínos, ovinos, outros ruminantes como bubalinos, onde o bovino é mais sensível e é o foco do presente estudo, e este é um dos animais mais estudados com esta patologia. Do ponto de vista epidemiológico os animais portadores do vírus devem ser descartados, sendo que cerca de 80% destes animais podem ser positivos para o vírus, onde se teria um grande impacto da economia se todos fossem descartados. O BVDV causa alterações significativas sobre a reprodução animal e assim como consequência relevante impacto na economia. Desta forma, este trabalho de revisão se propõe a discutir sobre os principais impactos que o vírus da diarreia viral bovina (BVDV) causa sobre a reprodução bovina. O vírus da diarreia viral bovina é um grande problema nas fazendas, com impacto reprodutivo bastante elevado, tendo em vista as possíveis perdas embrionárias e nascimentos de bezerros persistentemente infectados, assim como também causa prejuízos significativos na economia leiteira

Litter flux in a successional forest ecosystem under nutrient manipulation in Eastern Amazon / Fluxo de serapilheira em um ecossistema florestal sucessional sob manipulação de nutrientes na Amazônia Oriental

The aim of this work was to evaluate the dynamics of Ca and Mg cations, via litter, in a successional forest ecosystem, on the middle plateau of the Apeú river, in Castanhal, northeast of Pará (1º19’ S, 47º57’ W). The magnitude of this phenomenon can be explained by the functional role of the floristic structure, with dominant species, Myrcia sylvatica (G. mey) DC., Myrcia bracteata (Rich) DC., Miconia ciliata (Rich) DC., Lacistema pubescens Mart., Lacistema aggregatum (Berg.) Rusby, Vismia guianensis (Aubl.) Choisy, Cupania scrobiculata Rich. and Ocotea guianensis Aubl, which consisted in the determinant factors, associated to the natural hydroperiodic effect. The evaluation  of analytical results, in litter removal treatment, of the mean mass of Ca ranged from 0.018 to 0.076 g m-2month-1, while Mg varied from 0.006 to 0.028 g m-2month-1, being significantly (P<0.05) different from control in treatment and time. However, the flux distribution was influenced by the season, being higher in the dry period. The flux values of Ca (0.047 ± 0.015 g m-2month-1) were significantly higher (P<0.05) than those of Mg (0.015 ± 0.004 g m-2month-1), independently of the manipulation via treatment, phenomenon explained by the dynamics of Calcium in the biogeochemical cycle

As entidades de classe na história de 80 anos do nutricionista no Brasil : uma análise histórico-documental

Objetivo Realizar mapeamento da trajetória histórica das entidades de classe do nutricionista (associações científicas, conselhos e sindicatos profissionais) no Brasil. Métodos O estudo consiste em uma análise histórico-documental. Para obtenção dos dados, informações e documentos foram feitas visitas aos sítios eletrônicos do Conselho Federal de Nutricionistas; Associação Brasileira de Alimentação e Nutrição; Federação Nacional de Nutricionistas e Sindicatos de Nutricionistas. Realizou-se levantamento bibliográfico sistematizado nas bases Scientific Electronic Library Online e National Library of Medicine para capturar artigos científicos sobre a temática no Brasil ao longo dos 80 anos de sua história, com ênfase nos últimos dez anos. Resultados A análise histórica da Associação Brasileira de Alimentação e Nutrição, do Sistema Conselho Federal/Conselhos Regionais de Nutricionistas e da Federação Nacional de Nutricionistas/Sindicatos de Nutricionistas indica que, ao longo da trajetória de oitenta anos, houve fortalecimento das entidades de classe, com várias conquistas no arcabouço de regulamentação da formação, exercício profissional, campos de atuação e condições de trabalho. A reforma trabalhista, instituída em 2017, imprime redução de direitos relativos às condições de trabalho, acenando para retrocessos nas conquistas trabalhistas do nutricionista. Conclusão As entidades de classes do nutricionista têm desempenhado relevante papel no processo de valorização e legitimidade da formação e atuação da profissão no país. Há indícios da atuação unificada das entidades de classe, mas ainda incipientes e pontuais. Na atualidade, urge uma atuação unificada, transparente e comprometida destas entidades de classe em busca de valorização da profissão e melhorias das condições de trabalho do nutricionista brasileiro.Objective To carry out a mapping of the historical trajectory of the professional associations of nutritionists (scientific associations, councils and professional labor unions) in Brazil. Methods The study consists of a historical-documentary analysis. To obtain the data, information and documents, the websites of the Federal Council of Nutritionists; Brazilian Association of Food and Nutrition; National Federation of Nutritionists and Nutritionists’ Unions were browsed. A systematic bibliographic survey was carried out in the databases of the Scientific Electronic Library Online and National Library of Medicine to retrieve scientific articles about the associations of nutritionists in Brazil over the 80 years of their history, focusing on the last ten years. Results The historical analysis indicates that, over the course of eighty years, there has been strengthening of professional associations of nutritionists and achievements concerning training regulation, professional practice, fields of work and working conditions. The labor reform act of 2017 reduces the rights related to working conditions, creating setbacks in the achievements of nutritionists. Conclusion The professional associations of nutritionists have played an important role in the process of professionalization and legitimacy of training and performance of the profession in the country. There are indications of the unified performance of professional associations, but it is still incipient and scarce. Nowadays, unified, transparent and committed action of these professional associations is imperative for the professionalization and improvements of the working conditions of Brazilian nutritionists

Irradiation of microwaves at rotative cavity in the microbial inactivation of organic sludge from poultry slaughterhouse/Irradiação de microondas na cavidade rotativa na inativação microbiana de lodo orgânico de matadouro de aves

Microbial inactivation in organic waste is necessary to prevent environmental damage with impacts on vegetation and soil organisms. The objective of this research is process the organic sludge from poultry meats effluents in a microwave oven, aiming at microbial inactivation for its use as organic fertilizer. The sludge, previously dry at open-air, it was subjected to microwave action in the rotative cavity oven, ONDATEC® technology, at different temperatures and exposure time. Microbiological analysis was performed before and after treatment by the “Pour Plate” technique. The non-ionizing irradiation of the microwaves in the tested furnace is able to totally eliminate the CFU/g of the microorganisms present in the organic sludge from poultry slaughterhouse at 220ºC, it is showing process efficiency

Left ventricular mass and cardiothoracic index in patients with chronic renal disease on hemodialysis

Introduction:Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is an independent predictor of cardiovascular risk in patients with chronic renal disease (CRD) on hemodialysis (HD). Objective:To show the usefulness of chest radiography in the diagnosis of LVH in CRD patients on HD. Methods:Cross-sectional study including 100 patients (58 men and 42 women), mean age 46.2 ± 14.0 years, with CRD of all causes, for at least six months on HD. Were obtained echocardiogram and chest x-rays of patients, always up to one hour after the end of HD sessions. Results:LVH was detected in 83 patients (83%), of whom 56 (67.4%) had the concentric pattern and 27 (32.6%) with eccentric pattern of LVH. Cardiomegaly - defined by cardiothoracic index (CTI) > 0.5 - was present in 61 patients (61%). The following were the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy, respectively, for the variable ICT: 66.2%, 70.5% and 68.0%. The Pearson correlation between ICT and index of left ventricular mass (LVMI) was 0.552 (p 0,5 - esteve presente em 61 pacientes (61%). Foram os seguintes os valores de sensibilidade, especificidade e acurácia, respectivamente, para a variável ICT: 66,2%, 70,5% e 68,0%. A correlação de Pearson entre ICT e índice de massa do ventrículo esquerdo (IMVE) foi de 0,552 (p < 0,05) e razão de verossimilhança positivo de 2,2. Conclusão:A radiografia de tórax é um exame seguro e útil como ferramenta diagnóstica de HVE em pacientes com DRC em HD.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Universidade Estadual de Ciências da Saúde de AlagoasUniversidade de São PauloUniversidade Federal de AlagoasUniversidade Federal de SergipeUNIFESPSciEL

DEPOSIÇÃO DE SERAPILHEIRA E NUTRIENTES EM ÁREAS DE MINERAÇÃO SUBMETIDAS A MÉTODOS DE RESTAURAÇÃO FLORESTAL EM PARAGOMINAS, PARÁ

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a deposição de serapilheira e nutrientes sob diferentes métodos de restauração florestal em áreas degradadas pela mineração de bauxita no município de Paragominas, Pará. Os métodos utilizados para restauração florestal foram: plantio de mudas arbóreas (PM) e indução da regeneração natural (RN), além disso, avaliou-se um fragmento florestal (FF) como referência. Foram instalados 30 coletores de serapilheira de 0,25 m² de abertura em cada ambiente. A serapilheira foi coletada, seca em estufa e quantificada mensalmente de agosto de 2014 a setembro de 2015. Posteriormente, todo material foi analisado quimicamente para obtenção das concentrações dos elementos N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Mn, Cu e Zn. Por meio dos valores das concentrações, foram obtidos os valores dos conteúdos. A deposição de serapilheira foi de 6,61±0,53, 10,75±0,86 e 11,83±1,00 Mg ha-1 ano-1 no PM, FF e RN respectivamente, diferindo estatisticamente entre si (p=0,0025). As concentrações de N, P, K, Mg e Ca foram superiores na área de PM na maioria dos meses de avaliação devido às adubações de pré-plantio. O S foi o elemento que mais variou entre as áreas de estudo. Com relação aos micronutrientes, o Cu, Fe, Zn e Mn tiveram as menores concentrações no FF e o Mn as maiores concentrações no ecossistema RN. Os conteúdos de N e K da serapilheira foram superiores nos ecossistemas RN, não diferindo do FF. A RN foi o método mais eficiente de restauração. A serapilheira é um bom indicador de restauração de áreas degradadas

Characterization of the fuji apple drying in thin layer: determination of glucose content, color and production

The aim of this work was to study the convective drying of Fuji apple (Mallus percicae) in thin layer and to evaluate the characteristics of the dried product. The air flow was perpendicular through the samples with air velocity of 1.5 m s-1. The study factors were the air temperature (60, 70 and 80ºC), sample thickness (3,4 and 5 mm) and citric acid solution concentration (0, 0.5 and 1 %). The glucose content and the samples color were found through spectrophotometer method. Five empirical models were used to evaluate the experimental data of the drying process. The fit of the drying data for the estimate of drying constant (K) showed high values of correlation for all models (R2 > 0.99). The Henderson-Pabis model was chosen for determination of the moisture average effective diffusivity (Deff). Through the surface response methodology, it was found that the samples with higher production and better physical-chemical characteristics was in conditions of air temperature at 70ºC, sample thickness of 3 mm and citric acid solution concentration of 1%