Prática docente de alunos com deficiências no ensino remoto

The Covid-19 pandemic brought about a series of changes in the classroom methodology and in the multifunctional resource room in education. Teachers had to reinvent themselves to be able to offer teaching based on new realities. Thus, the study sought to analyze the contributions of remote education in the teaching practice of students with disabilities. The methodological path took place through a qualitative approach through a case study of teachers from the Specialized Educational Service (AEE) classrooms in a municipality in the interior of Ceará. An online questionnaire was used, developed on Google Forms and made available to teachers. The theoretical foundation is based on the contributions of Imbernón (2009; 2011), Pepper (2012), Alves, Martins and Pinheiro (2021). In this way, the study revealed the importance of teaching practice for special students in the midst of remote education, leaving our admiration to the educators for their excellent work.A pandemia do Covid-19 ocasionou no meio educacional uma série de mudanças na metodologia da sala de aula e na sala de recursos multifuncional. Os professores tiveram que se reinventar para conseguir oferecer um ensino mediante a novas realidades. Desse modo, o estudo buscou analisar as contribuições do ensino remoto na prática docente de alunos com deficiência. O percurso metodológico se deu através de uma abordagem qualitativa por meio de um estudo de caso dos professores das salas de Atendimento Educacional Especializado (AEE) de um município no interior do Ceará. Utilizou-se um questionário online, elaborado no Google Forms e disponibilizado aos professores. A fundamentação teórica está à luz dos contributos de Imbernón (2009; 2011), Pimenta (2012), Alves, Martins e Pinheiro (2021).  Desta forma, o estudo revelou a importância da prática docente para os alunos especiais em meio ao ensino remoto, deixando nossa admiração aos educadores pelo excelente trabalho desenvolvido

Pós-graduação stricto sensu no ensino remoto emergencial: desafios e perspectivas

Emergency Remote Learning became a reality due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Teachers and students had to adapt and reinvent themselves with the use of digital technologies aimed at teaching. Thus, this work seeks to understand the main challenges and perspectives of graduate students in Remote Emergency Education. The methodological path took place through a qualitative approach through a case study in a stricto sensu postgraduate course at a university located in the interior of Ceará. An online questionnaire was used, created in Google Forms and made available to research participants. The theoretical foundation is in the light of the contributions of Freire (1996); Goedert and Arndt (2020); Costa et al. (2021); Silva, Martins and Fernandes (2021), among others. The study revealed that the main challenge for remote learning is the lack of interaction and dialogue between the subjects of the educational process.O Ensino Remoto Emergencial se tornou uma realidade em virtude da pandemia de Covid-19. Docentes e discentes tiveram que se adaptar e se reinventar com a utilização das tecnologias digitais voltadas para o ensino. Desta forma, o presente trabalho busca compreender os principais desafios e as perspectivas de discentes de pós-graduação no Ensino Remoto Emergencial. O percurso metodológico se deu através de uma abordagem qualitativa por meio de um estudo de caso em um curso de pós-graduação stricto sensu de uma universidade localizada no interior do Ceará. Utilizou-se um questionário online, elaborado no Google Forms e disponibilizado aos participantes da investigação. A fundamentação teórica está à luz dos contributos de Freire (1996); Goedert e Arndt (2020); Costa et al. (2021); Silva, Martins e Fernandes (2021), dentre outros. O estudo revelou que o principal desafio para o ensino remoto é a falta de interação e diálogo entre os sujeitos do processo educativo

Ações do Programa de Educação Tutorial (PET): intervenções para prevenção do bullying

O texto relata a experiência vivenciada com estudantes de uma escola pública municipal de Teresina, PI, para trabalhar a temática do bullying, suas formas de prevenção, identificação e consequências. O trabalho foi realizado usando como método a educação problematizadora de Paulo Freire. Apesar dos estudantes perceberem práticas de agressões o assunto é pouco discutido e são vários os tabus existentes. As intervenções educativas realizadas contribuíram para sensibilizar os estudantes e demais atores sociais da escola para a adoção de práticas de relações saudáveis como forma de prevenção da violência e despertou à atenção para a criação de formas de enfrentamento dessa problemática

CATALISADORES BASEADOS EM ÓXIDOS DE FERRO SUPORTADOS EM CARVÃO ATIVADO DESTINADOS À REAÇÃO DE FENTON PARA DEGRADAÇÃO DE POLUENTES ORGÂNICOS: UMA REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA

Pollution of river and groundwater by waste from the textile and dye industry brings innumerable short-term and long-term environmental damage. Advanced oxidative processes (AOPs) are shown as effective alternatives in the treatment of effluents, degrading organic pollutants present in the environment. Fenton's reaction is an AOP that presents itself as a very promising option. In the present work a bibliographical revision was done on Fenton reaction, using iron oxide as catalyst. The advantages of using a solid matrix to support the catalyst, such as activated carbon, have also been addressed, since it is a very porous material with a high specific surface area, which increases the amount of active sites. This support can be synthesized from several sources, such as green coconut shell, peanut shell, coffee bean, wood, lignin, bamboo, chitosan, coal, sugar cane bagasse and corn cob.A poluição de águas fluviais e subterrâneas por resíduos da indústria têxtil e de corantes traz inúmeros malefícios para o meio ambiente a curto e longo prazo. Os processos oxidativos avançados (POAs) se mostram como alternativas eficazes no tratamento de efluentes, degradando compostos orgânicos poluentes presentes no meio. A reação de Fenton é um POA que se apresenta como uma opção bastante promissora. No presente trabalho foi feita uma revisão bibliográfica sobre reação de Fenton, utilizando óxido de ferro como catalisador. Também foram abordadas as vantagens de se utilizar uma matriz sólida como suporte para o catalisador, como o carvão ativado, uma vez que é um material bastante poroso e de elevada área superficial específica, o que aumenta a quantidade de locais ativos. Este suporte pode ser sintetizado a partir de diversas fontes, como casca do coco verde, casca de amendoim, grão de café, madeira, lignina, bambu, quitosana, hulha, bagaço de cana de açúcar e sabugo de milho.

Thrombotic storm and malignancy in elderly woman: a case report

Introduction: Thrombotic storm is a state of hypercoagulability of relevance in the context of neoplasias, trauma, gestation, autoimmune diseases and deficiencies of coagulation proteins. The following case brings this topic associated with weight loss and a subsequent atypical primary site of neoplasm found in postmortem biopsy. Objectives: To present an atypical case of thrombosis in several sites in elderly women in a context of consumptive syndrome without definite primary cancer site; to discuss differentials and pathophysiological processes relevant to the case. Case report: A 74-year-old female patient, previously healthy, presented a constipation associated with weakness in right superior limb, edema and weakness of left lower limb, with difficulty in gait and subsequent bed restriction. It evolved with multiple thrombotic events (axillary arterial, segmental branches of the left pulmonary artery, hepatic, renal and splenic parenchymal infarction, deep venous thrombosis in the common femoral vein, superficial femoral vein and left femoral vein, and right superficial femoral vein thrombosis). Abdominal computed tomography (CT) showed hepatic nodules suggestive of metastases and lymph node enlargement up to 2.0 cm. Hepatic biopsy was performed by interventional radiology resulting inconclusive due to extensive areas of necrosis. Laboratory tests revealed hepatic enzymes, canalicular and direct bilirubin with increased and increasing values, normochromic normocytic anemia worsening and with increasing values of RDW and platelets. Ca19.9 accounted for > 1,000 U / mL. FAN, anticardiolipin IgM and IgG, lupus anticoagulant, ANCA negative. Death verified 12 days after admission, despite intensive care. Necroscopic report showed adenocarcinoma centered in bile ducts involving gallbladder and extra and intrahepatic bile ducts with vascular dissemination (pulmonary and lymph node metastases) and extension to gastric wall and small intestine. Post-mortem diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma was performed. Discussion: the case discusses is of multiple thrombotic events in unusual sites associated with non-specific findings at the beginning. The hypothesis of phospholipid antibody syndrome (APS) was proposed although it is unlikely in an elderly patient. Subsequent evaluation for thrombophilias was not done since weight loss and abdominal CT with multiple hepatic nodules suggested neoplasia of indeterminate site. Hence, SAF was discarded and the patient died without diagnosis of primary site due to the difficulty of the case. Conclusion: neoplasia of uncommon sites can be a disease of hard diagnosis and management especially in patients worsening in a short time. However they must be considered with proper investigation in patients with multiple thrombotic events due to the very known association with these findings

Nutritional deficiency as a complex cause of reversible dementia and cutaneous manifestations in elderly: case report and review

Introduction: vitamin deficiency can be an important cause of cognitive impairment and cutaneous manifestations in elderly with a history of malnutrition. However, to understand the different etiologies and to choose the right one to proper disease management might not be an easy task, especially in individuals from this population with these findings, sometimes non-specific. Hypothesis of reversible dementia associated with pellagra and B12 vitamin are important. In the case of electrolytes deficiency, less likely, there is the hypothesis extrapontine osmotic demyelination syndrome. The following case discuss these findings together. Objective: to present a case of reversible dementia and cutaneous manifestations associated with vitamin deficiency in a context of neurological complication after untimely correction of sodium; to discuss pathophysiological processes relevant to the case. Case report: A 62-year-old woman in meat restriction for 1 year, with post-radioiodine hypothyroidism. Admitted to investigate well delimited erosions with scaling, hyperchromia and blisters in both hands and glabella. The major hypothesis at the time was pellagra. However, in few weeks she developed other clinical findings: food intolerance, pain and abdominal distension and some sort of cognitive impairment. Computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen showed fluid distention with air level throughout the colonic frame and distal segment of the ileum, without obstructive factors. There is loss of the usual haemorrhages of the sigmoid and descending colon, suggesting chronic alterations. Rectosigmoidoscopy was performed and parental feeding was introduced. There was evolution with improvement of cutaneous lesions and development of hyponatremia, followed by anemia, reduction of level of consciousness and hemodynamic instability. Magnetic resonance imaging presented changes suggestive of extra-pontine myelinolysis associated with hyponatremia. Laboratory tests revealed anti-parietal cell antibody with a 1/160 reagent result, upper digestive endoscopies compatible with atrophic gastritis and gastric polyps with absence of active or previous bleeding. Following the infirmary, the patient achieved a progressive improvement in the level of consciousness and dementia, resuming most of the cognitive functions. The hypothesis of extrapontine myelinolysis associated with the correction of hypernatremia and pellagra, secondary to the vegan diet was suggested by radiologists. Discussion: the case discussed is a probable reversible dementia associated with vitamin deficiency. Factors suggestive of this context were: dermatological lesion, restricted diet to meat, atrophic gastritis in upper digestive endoscopy and progressive dementia during hospitalization. As a confounding factor, there was an untimely correction of hyponatremia with findings suggestive of extrapontine myelinolysis according to the radiology team, which could have contributed to the dementia symptoms, though less likely. Conclusion: Pellagra and other nutritional deficiencies should be considered in the diagnosis of patients with restrictive diets, especially those with gastrointestinal tract disorders. The correction of hypernatremia, when present, should be adjusted with caution, aiming at the protection of the central nervous system

Estudo fitoquímico e ação antimicrobiana de Calycophyllum Spruceanum (Mulateiro) / Phytochemical study and antimicrobial action of Calycophyllum Spruceanum (Mulateiro)

INTRODUÇÃO: A espécie Calycophyllum spruceanum, pertencente à família Rubiaceae, conhecida popularmente como mulateiro, tem sido amplamente utilizada na região amazônica devido aos vários benefícios no uso cosmetológico, antiinflamatório e antimicrobiano. Nesse sentido, considerando a ampla utilização de C. spruceanum, muitas vezes de forma empírica, evidencia-se a necessidade de realizar estudos mais aprofundados com a espécie.OBJETIVO: Realizar a caracterização fitoquímica e avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana dos extratos brutos de C. spruceanum.MÉTODOS: As cascas de C. spruceanum, foram extraídas com hexâno e metanol, posteriormente o extrato metanólico foi fracionado por partição líquido-líquido com diclorometano (DCM) e acetato de etila (AcOEt). Todos os extratos e fases foram analisados por cromatografia em camada delgada comparativa (CCDC), utilizando-se reveladores físicos e químicos. A avaliação da atividade antibacteriana foi realizada pela metodologia de microdiluição em poço (CLSI, 2013).RESULTADOS: A avaliação cromatográfica permitiu observar indícios da presença de iridoides, terpenos, alcaloides, substâncias fenólicas entre os extratos hexânico e metanólico. No ensaio antimicrobiano o extrato metanólico apresentou uma concentração mínima inibitória (CIM) de 500 ?g frente às 6 cepas testadas. Por outro lado, o extrato hexânico apresentou a menor taxa inibitória somente frente às bactérias Aeromonas hydrophila e Pseudômonas aeruginosa, as fases DCM, AcOEt e hidrometanólico obtidas do extrato metanólico mostraram atividade antibacteriana frente às cepas Acinetobacter baumannii, Aeromonas hydrophilae, Salmonella enteritidis.CONCLUSÕES: Evidenciou-se o potencial farmacológico da espécie C. spruceanum. Amparados pela confirmação da sua caracterização fitoquímica, os extratos vegetais foram analisados e comparando sua ação antibacteriana, sendo essas porcentagens influenciadas pelos solventes utilizados na extração, possibilitam estudos posteriores especificando sua sensibilidade e especificidade, visto que seus valores foram satisfatórios

Formulations with green clay for acne-prone skin: evaluation of rheology and sensory

Acne is an inflammatory skin condition that develops in pilosebaceous follicles, affecting mainly the onset of puberty. Among the numerous chemicals with dermatological and cosmetic purpose, traded and prescribed, raw materials of mineral origin have been often sought in formulations aimed at treating and / or preventing acne. This work aimed at the development of cosmetic preparations including green clay and sensory analysis of the formulations. Four formulations containing 2.5 % to 5 % green clay, in the presence or absence of dimethicone were prepared. The rheological behavior of the samples was analyzed at time 0, 24 hours, 30 days, 60 days and 90 days, using a cone and plate type rheometer (DVII + viscometer, Brookfiel). Sensory analyses of the formulations were also made. It can be concluded that all formulations exhibited pseudoplastic behavior and, through statistical analysis, it was found that there were no significant differences in acceptance between the formulations with or without dimethicone in the attributes of spreadability, stickiness, color and sensation after application. However, in regard to the attribute of odor, it was found that there was a greater acceptance in formulations to which dimethicone was added

Pharmacognostic study and in vitro activity on blood coagulation and platelet aggregation of leaves of Passiflora nitida Kunth (Passifloraceae)

The Passiflora genus (Passifloraceae) is mainly used to treat CNS and cardiovascular diseases. The Passiflora nitida Kunth species is commonly known as \x93maracujá-do-mato". The literature reports the in natura consumption of fruits of this species by the local population for gastrointestinal disorders. Considering the pharmacological potential of the genus, this work aimed to carry out study of phytochemical characterization of this species and study the effects of the aqueous (AE), ethanol (EE) and hexane (HE) extracts from its leaves on blood coagulation and platelet aggregation. Thin-layer chromatography and nuclear magnetic resonance were carried out for the phytochemical characterization. The effect of the extracts on the coagulation was evaluated by prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) tests. The effect on the platelet aggregation was evaluated in platelet-rich plasma by spectrophotometric method, using adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and adrenaline (ADR) as inducers of aggregation. The AE, EE and HE extracts showed coagulant activity by the PT test, and the EE showed anticoagulant activity by the aPTT. When induced by ADP, the AE, EE and HE extracts showed 50% inhibitory concentration values (IC50, µg/mL) of 450.5 ± 50.7, 511.2 ± 35.5 and 394.4 ± 8.9, respectively, and when induced by ADR showed values of 438.7 ± 5.2, 21.0 ± 1.9 and 546.9 ± 49.9, respectively. The EE showed inhibitory effect on the aggregation. The phytochemical characterization was suggestive of the presence of flavonoids and coumarins, which can be attributed in part to the biological effects studied.O gênero Passiflora (Passifloraceae) é utilizado principalmente para tratar doenças do SNC e cardiovasculares. A espécie Passiflora nitida Kunth é comumente conhecida como \x93maracujá-do-mato". A literatura relata o consumo in natura dos frutos desta espécie pela população local para distúrbios gastrointestinais. Considerando o potencial farmacológico do gênero, este trabalho teve por objetivo realizar estudo de caracterização fitoquímica desta espécie e estudar os efeitos dos extratos aquoso (EA), etanólico (EE) e hexânico (EH) de suas folhas sobre a coagulação sanguínea e agregação plaquetária. Para a caracterização fitoquímica foram realizados testes de cromatografia em camada delgada e ressonância magnética nuclear. O efeito dos extratos sobre a coagulação foi avaliado pelos testes de tempo de protrombina (TP) e tempo de tromboplastina parcial ativada (TTPa). O efeito sobre a agregação plaquetária foi avaliado em plasma rico em plaquetas por método espectrofotométrico, usando adenosina difosfato (ADP) e adrenalina (ADR) como indutores da agregação. Os extratos EA, EE e EH apresentaram atividade coagulante pelo teste do TP e o EE apresentou atividade anticoagulante para o TTPa. Quando induzidos por ADP, os extratos EA, EE e EH apresentaram valores de concentração inibitória 50% (CI50, µg/mL) de 450,5 ± 50,7; 511,2 ± 35,5 e 394,4 ± 8,9, respectivamente, e quando induzidos por ADR apresentaram valores de 438,7 ± 5,2; 21,0 ± 1,9 e 546,9 ± 49,9, respectivamente. O EE apresentou atividade inibitória sobre a agregação. A caracterização fitoquímica foi sugestiva da presença de flavonóides e cumarinas, aos quais podem ser atribuídos, em parte, os efeitos biológicos estudados