Estudio de las redes educativas de centros escolares en Andalucía (España): claves para su análisis de la evaluación de los asesores de centros de profesores

Every school constitutes a singular case when it comes to changes and improvements as each of them belongs to a social and cultural context with their own idiosyncrasy and needs. This article aims to study 12 in depth a research on educative networks organized in groups of teachers, focusing on its origin, structure, resources, organization and impact. The process of data gathering has followed a descriptivenarrative methodology, based on a qualitative research, and using a questionnaire for advisors in Teachers Centers within Seville, where they inform about the benefits of networking. The results of the analysis show that the development and setting of these networks occur in response to both the need of support that teachers are sometimes missing in their professional day to day; and the requirements of the regional inspection service of education, Servicio de Inspección Educativa, in order to cope with basic difficulties that may arise in the teaching learning process, such as the reading and writing learning process or the improvement of the coexistence within the educational community. Feedback from this research proves the impact that the networking procedures have had in the educational community and centers, as well as its positive results and improvements in their development.Cada escuela se constituye en un caso especial para la implementación de cambios y mejoras, de forma que cada una responde a un contexto social y cultural con su propia idiosincrasia y necesidades. El objetivo principal del artículo es dar a conocer el estudio de las redes educativas configuradas en grupos de trabajo entre profesores en lo que se refiere a su origen, diseño, recursos, organización e impacto, con la finalidad de profundizar en su funcionamiento y repercusión en los centros escolares. Para la recogida de datos se ha utilizado una metodología descriptivo narrativa, basada en la investigación cualitativa, a partir de un cuestionario para asesores de centros de profesores de Sevilla capital y provincia, donde informan de la idoneidad del trabajo en red. Los resultados del análisis determinan que el desarrollo y puesta en marcha de las redes responde a las necesidades de apoyo que los docentes encuentran en su desarrollo profesional y a la exigencia del Servicio de Inspección Educativa para paliar problemas básicos dentro del proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje, como es el aprendizaje de la lectoescritura y la mejora de la convivencia en la comunidad educativa. Las principales conclusiones reconocen el impacto del trabajo en red en los centros y en la comunidad educativa, sus resultados y las mejoras en el desarrollo de las mismas

In vitro antitumor and hypotensive activity of peptides from olive seeds

Peptides with molecular weights below 3 kDa from the hydrolysis of olive seed proteins with Thermolysin (OS-3 kDa) have demonstrated a high in vitro hypotensive effect. This fraction has been further fractionated by semipreparative RP-HPLC to obtain 8 fractions. ACE inhibitor capacity of fractions was evaluated observing the highest capacity in fraction F5. Peptides in fraction F5 were identified by RP-HPLC- and HILIC-ESI-Q-ToF and cytotoxic effect was assessed in different cell lines. Peptide LLPSY, present in this faction, was synthesized and characterized. Despite antihypertensive capacity was not as high as in fraction F5, a significant anti-proliferative capacity on two different cancer cell lines was observed. Additional studies to assess antitumor activity confirmed that this peptide showed capability to increase the adhesion capacity of tumor cells, to decrease the migration capacity of cancer cells, and to arrest cell cycle on S phase

Prevalencia del dolor en pacientes hospitalizados en el Servicio de Neurocirugía de un Hospital Universitario Terciario en Madrid, España

Objectives: to measure the prevalence and intensity of acute pain in hospitalized patients in the Neurosurgery Service of a Tertiary Hospital, using a numerical verbal scale, the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for its evaluation. Material and methods: observational, cross-sectional study to evaluate acute pain. All patients admitted to the ward during November 2019 are included and those with limitations to understand or evaluate pain according to VAS are excluded. Results: of the total of 120 patients admitted to the ward during the study period, 40 were excluded because they did not meet the inclusion criteria. Eighty patients with a high prevalence of pain (76.61%) were analyzed, with a mean score of 3.47 ± 0.78. Of those who report pain, 20% is mild, 40% moderate and 40% intense. For pathologies, the highest values ​​correspond to post-intervention. Hospital analgesic protocols were applied in all cases and no patient went to the emergency room due to pain after hospital discharge. The main limitation of the study was that the VAS score was not adequately collected in all patients. Conclusions: the prevalence of pain in a neurosurgery ward is high (76.61%), with average scores (3-4, moderate pain) that require improving our analgesic strategies and its measurement. Malignant diseases, predominantly intracranial, were associated with greater pain.Objetivos: medir la prevalencia e intensidad del dolor agudo en pacientes hospitalizados en el Servicio de Neurocirugía de un Hospital Terciario, utilizando una escala verbal numérica, la Escala Visual Analógica (EVA) para su evaluación. Material y métodos: estudio observacional, transversal, para evaluar el dolor agudo. Se incluyen todos los pacientes ingresados en planta durante noviembre del 2019 y se excluyen aquellos con limitaciones para entender o evaluar el dolor según EVA. Resultados: del total de 120 pacientes ingresados en planta durante el periodo de estudio, son excluidos 40 por no cumplir los criterios de inclusión. Se analizan 80 pacientes que presentan elevada prevalencia de dolor (76,61%), con una puntuación media de 3,47 ± 0.78. De los que refieren dolor, en un 20% es leve, 40% moderado y 40% intenso. Por patologías los valores más elevados corresponden a post-intervención. Los protocolos analgésicos del Hospital se aplicaron en todos los casos y ningún paciente acudió a urgencias por dolor tras el alta hospitalaria. La principal limitación del estudio fue que no en todos los pacientes se recogió adecuadamente la puntuación EVA. Conclusiones: la prevalencia de dolor en una planta de neurocirugía es elevada (76,61%), con unas puntuaciones medias (3-4, dolor moderado) que requieren mejorar nuestras estrategias analgésicas y la medición del mismo. Las enfermedades malignas, de predominio intracraneal, se asociaron con mayor dolor

SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA detection using the novel CoVradar device associated with the CoVreader smartphone app

Supplementary data to this article can be found online at https://doi. org/10.1016/j.bios.2023.115268The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the need for innovative approaches to its diagnosis. Here we present CoVradar, a novel and simple colorimetric method that combines nucleic acid analysis with dynamic chemical labeling (DCL) technology and the Spin-Tube device to detect SARS-CoV-2 RNA in saliva samples. The assay includes a fragmentation step to increase the number of RNA templates for analysis, using abasic peptide nucleic acid probes (DGL probes) immobilized to nylon membranes in a specific dot pattern to capture RNA fragments. Duplexes are formed by labeling complementary RNA fragments with biotinylated SMART bases, which act as templates for DCL. Signals are generated by recognizing biotin with streptavidin alkaline phosphatase and incubating with a chromogenic substrate to produce a blue precipitate. CoVradar results are analysed by CoVreader, a smartphone-based image processing system that can display and interpret the blotch pattern. CoVradar and CoVreader provide a unique molecular assay capable of detecting SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA without the need for extraction, preamplification, or pre-labeling steps, offering advantages in terms of time (similar to 3 h/test), cost (similar to epsilon 1/test manufacturing cost) and simplicity (does not require large equipment). This solution is also promising for developing assays for other infectious diseases.FEDER/Junta de Andalucia-Consejeria de Economia y Conocimiento CV20-77741, A-FQM-760-UGR20, PID 2019-110987RB-I00, PID 2019-103938RB-I00Spanish MCIN/AEI P18-RT-2961, P18-TP-4160FEDER/Junta de Andalucia-Consejeria de Salud y Familias PIP-0232-2021European CommissionMCIN/AEI PTQ 2020-011388, IJC 2020-043307-IEuropean Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR PTQ 2020-011388, IJC 2020-043307-

Systemic and mammary gland disposition of enrofloxacin in healthy sheep following intramammary administration

P. 88-94Background: Mastitis is one of the most important diseases affecting dairy sheep. Antimicrobial drugs are often administered directly through teat to treat or prevent this disease, but data on drug distribution within glandular tissue are scarce and it cannot be estimated from concentrations in milk. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate systemic and mammary gland distribution of enrofloxacin after intramammary administration. The drug was administered to 6 healthy lactating Assaf sheep with an injector containing an enrofloxacin preparation (1 g drug/5 g ointment). Blood samples were collected at 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 min. Animals were then sedated and sacrificed, and glandular tissue samples were obtained from treated udders at 2, 4, 6 and 8 cm height. Enrofloxacin concentrations were measured in plasma and tissue samples by UV high-performed liquid chromatography. Results: Mean enrofloxacin plasma concentrations were below 0.5 μg/mL. Mean tissue concentrations decreased in mammary gland with vertical distance from the teat, ranging from 356.6 μg/g at 2 cm to 95.60 μg/g at the base of the udder. Glandular tissue concentrations best fitted to a decreasing monoexponential model, and showed a good correlation with an ex vivo model previously developed. Conclusions: Enrofloxacin concentrations were effective in the entire glandular tissue against the main pathogens causing mastitis in sheep. These results suggest that this drug may be suitable to treat mastitis in sheep by intramammary administration.S

A strategic reflection for the management and implementation of CAR-T therapy in Spain: an expert consensus paper

CAR-T cell therapy represents a therapeutic revolution in the prognosis and treatment of patients with certain types of hematological cancer. However, they also pose new challenges in the healthcare, regulatory and financial fields. The aim of the RET-A project was to undertake a strategic reflection on the management of CAR-T therapies within the Spanish National Health System, to agree on recommendations that will help to better deal with the new context introduced by these cell therapies in the present and in the future. This think tank involved 40 key agents and opinion leaders. The experts identified three great challenges for implementing advanced therapies in Spain: therapeutic individualisation, with a multidisciplinary approach; acceleration of access times, by minimizing bureaucracy; and increase in the number of centers qualified to manage the CAR-T therapies in the NHS. The experts agreed on the ideal criteria for designating those qualified centers. They also agreed on a comprehensive CAR-T care pathway with the timings and roles which would ideally be involved in each part of the process.This study was funded by Gilead Sciences, Inc.Peer reviewe

Non-Excitatory Amino Acids, Melatonin, and Free Radicals: Examining the Role in Stroke and Aging

The aim of this review is to explore the relationship between melatonin, free radicals, and non-excitatory amino acids, and their role in stroke and aging. Melatonin has garnered significant attention in recent years due to its diverse physiological functions and potential therapeutic benefits by reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Melatonin has been found to mitigate ischemic brain damage caused by stroke. By scavenging free radicals and reducing oxidative damage, melatonin may help slow down the aging process and protect against age-related cognitive decline. Additionally, non-excitatory amino acids have been shown to possess neuroprotective properties, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory in stroke and aging-related conditions. They can attenuate oxidative stress, modulate calcium homeostasis, and inhibit apoptosis, thereby safeguarding neurons against damage induced by stroke and aging processes. The intracellular accumulation of certain non-excitatory amino acids could promote harmful effects during hypoxia-ischemia episodes and thus, the blockade of the amino acid transporters involved in the process could be an alternative therapeutic strategy to reduce ischemic damage. On the other hand, the accumulation of free radicals, specifically mitochondrial reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, accelerates cellular senescence and contributes to age-related decline. Recent research suggests a complex interplay between melatonin, free radicals, and non-excitatory amino acids in stroke and aging. The neuroprotective actions of melatonin and non-excitatory amino acids converge on multiple pathways, including the regulation of calcium homeostasis, modulation of apoptosis, and reduction of inflammation. These mechanisms collectively contribute to the preservation of neuronal integrity and functions, making them promising targets for therapeutic interventions in stroke and age-related disorders.This work was supported by MICIU (grant number PID2021-128133NB-I00/AEI/FEDER10.13039/501100011033) to J.M.H.-G. and V.J.C. enjoys a contract from the CAM “Investigo” program (PIP/2022-09971). A.R. thanks UCJC (INFLAMAMEL 2022-07 project) for its continued support

Valor pronóstico del índice de riesgo nutricional en receptores de trasplante cardiaco

[Abstract] Introduction and objectives. To study the prognostic impact of preoperative nutritional status, as assessed through the nutritional risk index (NRI), on postoperative outcomes after heart transplantation (HT). Methods. We conducted a retrospective, single-center study of 574 patients who underwent HT from 1991 to 2014. Preoperative NRI was calculated as 1.519 × serum albumin (g/L) + 41.7 × (body weight [kg] / ideal body weight [kg]). The association between preoperative NRI and postoperative outcomes was analyzed by means of multivariable logistic regression and multivariable Cox regression. Results. Mean NRI before HT was 100.9 ± 9.9. According to this parameter, the prevalence of severe nutritional risk (NRI < 83.5), moderate nutritional risk (83.5 ≤ NRI < 97.5), and mild nutritional risk (97.5 ≤ NRI < 100) was 5%, 22%, and 10%, respectively. One year post-transplant mortality rates in these 4 categories were 18.2%, 25.3%, 7.9% and 10.2% (P < .001), respectively. The NRI was independently associated with a lower risk of postoperative infection (adjusted OR, 0.97; 95%CI, 0.95-1.00; P = .027) and prolonged postoperative ventilator support (adjusted OR, 0.96; 95%CI, 0.94-0.98; P = .001). Patients at moderate or severe nutritional risk had significantly higher 1-year post-HT mortality (adjusted HR, 1.55; 95%CI, 1.22-1.97; P < .001). Conclusions. Malnourished patients have a higher risk of postoperative complications and mortality after HT. Preoperative NRI determination may help to identify HT candidates who might benefit from nutritional intervention.[Resumen] Introducción y objetivos. Analizar el impacto del estado nutricional preoperatorio, evaluado mediante el índice de riesgo nutricional (IRN), en el pronóstico tras el trasplante cardiaco (TxC). Métodos. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo de 574 pacientes que recibieron un TxC entre 1991 y 2014 en un centro. El IRN preoperatorio se calculó como 1,519 × albúmina (g/l) + 41,7 × (peso real [kg] / peso ideal [kg]). La asociación entre IRN preoperatorio y eventos clínicos posoperatorios se analizó mediante modelos multivariables de regresión logística y regresión de Cox. Resultados. El IRN preoperatorio medio de la población del estudio era de 100,9 ± 9,9. Según este parámetro, las prevalencias de riesgo nutricional grave (IRN < 83,5), moderado (83,5 ≤ IRN < 97,5) y leve (97,5 ≤ IRN < 100) antes del TxC eran el 5, el 22 y el 10% respectivamente. Las tasas de mortalidad a 1 año tras el TxC en estas 4 categorías fueron del 18,2, el 25,3, el 7,9 y el 10,2% (p < 0,001) respectivamente. El IRN preoperatorio resultó predictor independiente de menor riesgo de infección posoperatoria (odds ratio ajustada [ORa] = 0,97; intervalo de confianza del 95% [IC95%], 0,95-1,00; p = 0,027) y ventilación mecánica prolongada posoperatoria (ORa = 0,96; IC95%, 0,94-0,98; p = 0,001). Los pacientes con riesgo nutricional moderado a grave mostraron mayor mortalidad a 1 año tras el TxC (hazard ratio ajustada = 1,55; IC95%, 1,22-1,97; p < 0,001). Conclusiones. Los pacientes desnutridos tienen mayor riesgo de complicaciones posoperatorias y muerte tras el TxC. La determinación del IRN podría facilitar la identificación de candidatos a TxC que se beneficien de intervenciones nutricionales en espera del órgano