Lipid droplet remodeling and interaction with mitochondria in mouse brown adipose tissue during cold treatment

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) maintains animal body temperature by non-shivering thermogenesis, which is through uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) that uncouples oxidative phosphorylation and utilizes β-oxidation of fatty acids released from triacylglycerol (TAG) in lipid droplets (LDs). Increasing BAT activity and “browning” other tissues such as white adipose tissue (WAT) can enhance the expenditure of excess stored energy, and in turn reduce prevalence of metabolic diseases. Although many studies have characterized the biology of BAT and brown adipocytes, BAT LDs especially their activation induced by cold exposure remain to be explored. We have isolated LDs from mouse interscapular BAT and characterized the full proteome using mass spectrometry. Both morphological and biochemical experiments showed that the LDs could tightly associate with mitochondria. Under cold treatment mouse BAT started expressing LD structure protein PLIN-2/ADRP and increased expression of PLIN1. Both hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) and adipose TAG lipase (ATGL) were increased in LDs. In addition, isolated BAT LDs showed increased levels of the mitochondrial protein UCP1, and prolonged cold exposure could stimulate BAT mitochondrial cristae biogenesis. These changes were in agreement with the data from transcriptional analysis. Our results provide the BAT LD proteome for the first time and show that BAT LDs facilitate heat production by coupling increasing TAG hydrolysis through recruitment of ATGL and HSL to the organelle and expression of another LD resident protein PLIN2/ADRP, as well as by tightly associating with activated mitochondria. These findings will benefit the study of BAT activation and the interaction between LDs and mitochondria

The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Camellia granthamiana

Camellia granthamiana is a rare and endangered plant peculiar to China, and a total of 5 plants have been found at present. Based on the next generation sequencing, the whole chloroplast (Cp) genome of (Camellia granthamiana Sealy) of Camellia oleifera was constructed.In this study, the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of Camellia granthamiana was assembled based on next generation sequencing.The cp genome was 157,001 bp in length, including a large single copy (LSC) region of 70,387 bp, a small single copy (SSC) region of 18,296 bp and a pair of inverted repeats (IRs) of 52,082 bp. The genome contained 135 genes, including 90 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes and 8 ribosomal RNA genes. The majority of these gene species occurred as a single copy

Characterization of the complete chloroplast genome of Ginkgo biloba L. (Ginkgoaceae), an endangered species endemic to China

Ginkgo biloba L. is the oldest relict plant among the gymnosperms, left after the quaternary glacial movement. There are few living G. biloba and few old trees over a hundred years old. It is currently on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) red list of threatened species. In this study, we first assembled the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of G. biloba L. by Illumina paired-end reads data. The whole genome was 156,988 bp, consisting of a pair of inverted repeats of 34,056 bp, large and small single copy regions of 56,819 and 22,763 bp in length, respectively. The cp genome contained 131 genes, including 84 protein-coding genes, 31 trRNA genes and 5 rRNA genes. The overall GC content of the whole genome was 39.6%. A neighbour-joining phylogenetic analysis demonstrated a close relationship between G. biloba L. and Cycas revoluta

Characterization of the complete chloroplast genome of Saussurea involuerata (Compositae), an endangered species endemic to China

Saussurea involuerata (S. involuerata), a kind of composite and perennial herbage plant, is a rare and precious alpine medicinal plants with high medicinal value, it can regulate human’s body and has health care function, therefore attracts attention of many scholars. It is currently on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) red list of threatened species. In this study, we first assembled the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of S. involucrata by Illumina paired-end reads data. The whole genome was 152,490 bp, consisting of a pair of inverted repeats of 69,041 bp, large and small single-copy regions of 69,045bp and 18,638 bp in length, respectively. The cp genome contained 134 genes, including 90 protein-coding genes, 36 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes. The overall GC content of the whole genome was 37.7%. A neighbor-joining phylogenetic analysis demonstrated a close relationship between S. involuerata and Arctium lappa

Characterization of the complete chloroplast genome of Salix magnifica, a vulnerable species endemic to China

Salix magnifica is only sporadically distributed in the western part of Sichuan, the area of the willows is narrow. There are not many plants, and they easily fall into the endangered state. It is currently on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) red list of threatened species. In this study, we first assembled the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of Salix magnifica by Illumina paired-end reads data. The whole genome was 154,977 bp, consisting of a pair of inverted repeats of 27,457 bp, large single-copy region, and a small single-copy region (71,119 and 16,205 bp in length, respectively). The cp genome contained 116 genes, including 80 protein-coding genes and 36 tRNA genes. The overall GC content of the whole genome was 36.7%. A neighbour-joining phylogenetic analysis demonstrated a close relationship between Salix magnifica and Salix oreinoma

3DLRA: An RFID 3D Indoor Localization Method Based on Deep Learning

As the core supporting technology of the Internet of Things, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology is rapidly popularized in the fields of intelligent transportation, logistics management, industrial automation, and the like, and has great development potential due to its fast and efficient data collection ability. RFID technology is widely used in the field of indoor localization, in which three-dimensional location can obtain more real and specific target location information. Aiming at the existing three-dimensional location scheme based on RFID, this paper proposes a new three-dimensional localization method based on deep learning: combining RFID absolute location with relative location, analyzing the variation characteristics of the received signal strength (RSSI) and Phase, further mining data characteristics by deep learning, and applying the method to the smart library scene. The experimental results show that the method has a higher location accuracy and better system stability

Characterization of the complete chloroplast genome of Alsophila spinulosa, an endangered species endemic to China

Tree fern Alsophila spinulosa is an endangered relic plant in the world. It is currently on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) red list of threatened species. In this study, we first assembled the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of A. spinulosa by Illumina paired-end reads data. The whole genome was 156,661 bp, consisting of a pair of inverted repeats of 24,364 bp, large single copy region and a small single copy region (70,352 and 21,624 bp in length, respectively). The cp genome contained 133 genes, including 92 protein-coding genes, 33 trRNA genes, and eight rRNA genes. The overall GC content of the whole genome was 40.4%. A neighbour-joining phylogenetic analysis demonstrated a close relationship between A. spinulosa and Cystoathyrium chinense Ching

A general dual-templating approach to biomass-derived hierarchically porous heteroatom-doped carbon materials for enhanced electrocatalytic oxygen reduction

Herein we report a general dual-templating approach to prepare hierarchically macro-/meso-/microporous heteroatom-doped carbon materials using diverse low-cost biomass precursors. Nitrogen/oxygen-doped carbon materials with hierarchical porosity are first synthesized as an example using Mg₅(OH)₂(CO₃)₄/ZnCl₂ as hard templates and glucose/urea as carbon and heteroatom sources through a high-temperature thermal reaction and subsequent etching treatment. This approach is very versatile and can be applied to produce many hierarchically structured heteroatom-doped carbon materials via pyrolysis of other biomass precursors, including roots, stems, leaves, flowers and fruits of various plants. Lastly, we demonstrate that the as-prepared hierarchically porous nitrogen/oxygen-doped carbon materials manifest enhanced electrocatalytic performance for oxygen reduction reaction in alkaline electrolyte.This work was supported by National Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 21471048; 51872076; U1804255)

Metal–organic framework hybrid-assisted formation of Co3O4/Co-Fe oxide double-shelled nanoboxes for enhanced oxygen evolution

Rational design of complex metal–organic framework (MOF) hybrid precursors offers great opportunity to construct various functional nanostructures. Here, a novel MOF hybrid-assisted strategy to synthesize Co3O4/Co-Fe oxide double-shelled nanoboxes is reported. In the first step, zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 (ZIF-67, a Co-based MOF)/Co-Fe Prussian blue analogue (PBA) yolk–shell nanocubes are formed via a facile anion-exchange reaction between ZIF-67 nanocube precursors and [Fe(CN)6] 3− ions at room temperature. Subsequently, an annealing treatment is applied to prepare Co3O4/Co-Fe oxide double-shelled nanoboxes. Owing to the structural and compositional benefits, the as-derived Co3O4/Co-Fe oxide double-shelled nanoboxes exhibit enhanced electrocatalytic performance for oxygen evolution reaction in alkaline solution.NRF (Natl Research Foundation, S’pore)Accepted versio