Sensational Africa: Roosevelt’s Cultural Politics and Expeditionary Filmmaking of 1909-1910

The aim of this article is to discuss the competing and contradictory influences inherent in cinematographic representations of Africa. In particular, I will focus on the films pertaining to Theodore Roosevelt’s exploration of East Africa with emphasis on the following points: how Roosevelt’s safari expeditions created a framework for exploration films; and how natural history added educational discourse to U.S. cinema of the transitional period. セオドア・ローズヴェルトの東アフリカ探検に関連する映画の調査から、合衆国映画のアフリカ表象に内在する複雑な拮抗を論じる。(1) ローズヴェルトの探検がいかに探検映画の枠組みを作ったのか、(2) ナチュラル・ヒストリーがいかに移行期の映画に教育的言説を付与したのかを言及する

Functional annotation of human long noncoding RNAs via molecular phenotyping

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) constitute the majority of transcripts in the mammalian genomes, and yet, their functions remain largely unknown. As part of the FANTOM6 project, we systematically knocked down the expression of 285 lncRNAs in human dermal fibroblasts and quantified cellular growth, morphological changes, and transcriptomic responses using Capped Analysis of Gene Expression (CAGE). Antisense oligonucleotides targeting the same lncRNAs exhibited global concordance, and the molecular phenotype, measured by CAGE, recapitulated the observed cellular phenotypes while providing additional insights on the affected genes and pathways. Here, we disseminate the largest-todate lncRNA knockdown data set with molecular phenotyping (over 1000 CAGE deep-sequencing libraries) for further exploration and highlight functional roles for ZNF213-AS1 and lnc-KHDC3L-2.Peer reviewe

Carnosine induces intestinal cells to secrete exosomes that activate neuronal cells.

Recently, we showed that imidazole dipeptide such as carnosine contained abundantly in chicken breast meat improves brain function in a double-blind randomized controlled trial. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unknown. Here, we investigated whether carnosine activates intestinal epithelial cells and induces the secretion of factors that activate brain function. We focused on exosomes derived from intestinal epithelial cells as mediators of brain-gut interaction. Results showed that exosomes derived from Caco-2 cells treated with carnosine significantly induced neurite growth in SH-SY5Y cells. To clarify the molecular basis of this finding, we performed integrated analysis of microRNAs (miRNAs) with altered expression in exosomes in response to carnosine treatment and mRNAs with altered expression in target cells in response to exosome treatment to identify related miRNAs and their target genes. The combination of miR-6769-5p and its target gene ATXN1 was found to be involved in the exosome-induced activation of neuronal cells

Highly Efficient Light Harvesting of Eu(III) Complex in a Host-Guest Film by Triplet Sensitization

Lanthanide complexes are attractive light emitters owing to their ideal high color purity. Sensitization using ligands with high absorption efficiency is a powerful approach to enhancing photoluminescence intensity. However, the development of antenna ligands that can be used for sensitization is limited due to difficulties in controlling the coordination structures of lanthanides. Here, we demonstrate a system comprising triazine-based host molecules and Eu(hfa)3(TPPO)2 (hfa: hexafluoroacetylacetonato, TPPO: triphenylphosphine oxide), which shows drastically improved total photoluminescence intensity compared to conventional luminescent Eu(III) complexes. Time-resolved spectroscopic studies revealed that the energy transfer from the host molecules to Eu(III) occurs via the triplet states over several molecules with nearly unity efficiency. Our discovery paves the way for efficient light harvesting of Eu(III) complexes with simple fabrication using a solution process

Coexistence of Förster and Dexter Energy Transfer Pathways from an Antenna Ligand to Lanthanide Ion in Trivalent Europium Complexes through Phosphine-Oxide Bridges

Trivalent europium (Eu3+) complexes are attractive materials for luminescence applications if energy transfer from antenna ligands to the lanthanide ion is efficient. However, the microscopic mechanisms of the transfer remain elusive and fundamental physical chemistry questions still require answers. We track the energy transfer processes in a luminescent complex Eu(hfa)3(DPPTO)2 (hfa: hexafluoroacetylacetonate, DPPTO: 2-diphenylphosphoryltriphenylene) using time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy. In addition to the conventional Dexter-type energy transfer pathway through the T1 state of the ligands, we discovered the Forster energy transfer pathway from the S1 of the DPPTO ligands to the 5D1 state of Eu3+ through the weak electronic interaction of a phosphine-oxide bridge. The short timescale of the energy transfer (16 ns, 127 ns) results in its high quantum yield. The coexistence of the distinct energy transfer pathways from a single chromophore is important for establishing design strategies of luminescent complexes. <br /

A CASE OF DOUBLE SUPERIOR VENAE CAVAE WITH PAIRED AZYGOS VEINS

A case of double superior venae cavae with completely paired azygos veins was found in a 76-year-old Japanese man during an ordinary dissection by medical students at Nara Medical University in 2000. The left superior vena cava was formed by the union of the left internal jugular vein and the left subclavian vein, coursed vertically downward along the thoracic aorta, and entered the coronary sulcus. The vein ran horizontally toward the right in the coronary sulcus and opened into the right atrium. A typical left brachiocephalic vein was not found. The left superior vena cava was the same size as the right one, without communication between them. Paired azygos veins were present