Characterization of Fuji Apples from Different Harvest Dates and Storage Conditions from Measurements of Volatiles by Gas Chromatography and Electronic Nose

Volatile compounds in Fuji apples harvested at two different maturities were measured at harvest and after 5 and 7 months of cold storage (1 °C) in four different atmospheres. When the samples were characterized by both chromatographic measurements of volatiles and responses of an electronic nose, the analyses showed a clear separation between fruits from different storage conditions (a normal cold atmosphere and three controlled atmospheres). During poststorage, the apples were left to ripen for 1, 5, and 10 days at 20 °C before analytical measurements were done involving headspace-gas chromatography methods and electronic nose type quartz crystal microbalances. Electronic nose responses registered by seven different sensors were used to classify the apples using principal component analysis. It was possible to identify the samples from different storage periods, days of shelf life, and harvest dates, but it was not possible to differentiate the fruits corresponding to different cold storage atmospheres

Design and CFD analysis of a flameless combustion chamber for a 2-kW micro gas turbine

Motivated by the straightening regulations regarding pollutant emissions and the increasing demand for distributed generation, this thesis has the objective to develop a new combustion chamber design for 2-kWel micro gas turbines, based on flameless combustion. This concept was chosen because of its potential for very low emissions, added to the uniform temperature distribution, low noise, low vibration and the capacity to handle low-quality fuels. These features were already proven in industrial furnace applications, however, the employment of flameless combustion in gas turbines is still a research topic that requires further investigation. Two fuels were considered in this study, natural gas and landfill gas, and the evaluation and enhancement of the design is done iteratively utilizing computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The results demonstrated that the application of flameless combustion in gas turbines is very promising. The emissions of both CO and NOx were found to be lower than 4 ppmv (in a dry basis and corrected for 15% O2). Besides, if the turbine inlet temperature can reach levels as high as 1800 K, the dilution zone of the combustor can be completely eliminated, providing a very uniform temperature profile, characteristic of flameless combustion. Nevertheless, among many problems related to efficiency in a micro gas turbine of such scale, it was found that the pressure drop of the combustor can be minimized in these cases, what could represent an increment in the electrical efficiency of almost 2%

Mandibular infection caused by Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp equisimilis: an unusual case of oral infection / Infecção mandibular causada por Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp equisimilis: um caso incomum de infecção bucal

Context: Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimillis (SDSE) is an emerging human pathogen which is being increasingly isolated from patients with a myriad of infections. Case report: Male patient, 45 years old, reporting pain in tooth 47 on the mandibular second molar platform on the right side; swelling was visible at the site. Periapical radiography showed a periodontal defect and bone loss around the second molar, as well as a small osteosynthesis plate. A bacteriological profile and an antibiogram were requested. The microscopic examination revealed Gram-positive cocci with paired arrangements, as well as numerous polymorphonuclear leukocytes. In the blood agar culture there were numerous colonies with ?-hemolysis of catalase-negative Gram-positive cocci. Serological typing was positive for Lancefield Group G Streptococcus (GGS), and was identified as SDSE. No resistance to the antibiotics tested on the antibiogram was observed. Conclusion: The patient’s management included tooth extraction and the removal of an osteosynthesis plate, together with antibiotic therapy consisting of amoxicillin. The patient made a full recovery

Bioactivity and Antibacterial Effects of Ag-Ca-P Doped PEO Titania Coatings

Implant centered infections remain as one of the main complications associated with the use of biomedical implants. These infections can be avoided with the development of bactericidal coatings that prevent bacterial contamination since the very early stage of implantation. However, a multifunctional coating should inhibit bacterial contamination without generating cytotoxic responses. To achieve this purpose, this work presents a comparative evaluation of coatings with different concentrations of Ag. Coatings containing silver, calcium and phosphorous were obtained by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) and its bactericidal activity and cytotoxicity were evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus and adipose derived stem cells (ADSC), respectively. Silver, calcium and phosphorous were successfully incorporated in the coatings and silver has not affected the coating morphology nor the crystalline structure. ADSC viability was unaltered by cell growth over the surfaces, despite the observation of thinner cells on coatings with higher silver content. After 24 h of incubation, bactericidal activity was observed in coatings with more than 0.6 % at. Ag incorporated, while coatings with 0.2 % at. Ag presented an increased bacterial proliferation indicating a hormetic response. Thus, Ag-CaP-TiO2 coating could be a potential solution for the prevention of implant infections

Liposomal anesthetic gel for pain control during periodontal therapy in adults: a placebo-controlled RCT

Abstract: Periodontal therapy usually requires local anesthesia. If effective, a non-invasive, liposomal anesthetic gel could increase the levels of acceptance of patients in relation to periodontal therapy. Objective: This study investigated the efficacy of liposomal anesthetic gel for pain control during periodontal therapy. Methodology: Forty volunteers with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis were recruited, of which at least three sextants required periodontal therapy. At least one of the selected teeth had one site with a probing depth of ≥4 mm. The volunteers received the following three gels: a placebo, lidocaine/prilocaine (Oraqix®), or a liposomal lidocaine/prilocaine, which were applied to different sextants. Pain frequency was registered during treatment and the volunteers received a digital counter to register any painful or uncomfortable experiences. At the end of each session, the volunteers indicated their pain intensity using rating scales (NRS-101 and VRS-4). The volunteers had their hemodynamic parameters measured by a non-invasive digital monitor. Results: Pain frequency/intensity did not show statistical difference between intervention groups. The tested gels did not interfere with the hemodynamic indices. Dental anxiety, suppuration and probing depth could influence pain during periodontal therapy. Conclusion:Our results suggest limited indications for the use of non-invasive anesthesia when used for scaling and root planing. Intra-pocket anesthetic gel could be a good option for anxious patients, or those who have a fear of needles

Comparação entre as idades óssea, dentária e cronológica por meio de método radiográfico simplificado

The aim of this study is a comparison between bone age, chronologic age and dental age, with the purpose of to obtain a guideline for the choice of the treatment time more convenient. Were analyzed 140 patients both genre, in the age group from 7 to 13 year. For the determination of the bone age those same patients were submitted to radiographic exam of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the first finger of the left hand using radiographic oclusal film, for the technique of the long cone (40 cm), with time of exhibition of 0,9 seconds, for the evaluation of the development of the sesamoid adutor bone. The conclusions of this study were that the radiographic method used is a easy application, mainly in cities that do not have radiological centers. The ossification of sesamoid adutor bone can be utilized as an indicator of the beginning of Pubertal Growth Spurt (PGS), being more precocious in the individuals of feminine gender; the dental pattern is variable than for bone age than for chronologic age in both genres.O objetivo deste estudo é a comparação entre a idade óssea, idade cronológica e o padrão de desenvolvimento dentário, com a finalidade de obter uma diretriz para a escolha da época de tratamento ortodôntico mais conveniente. Foram analisados clinicamente 140 pacientes, na faixa etária de 7 a 13 anos, de ambos os gêneros. Para a determinação da idade óssea esses mesmos pacientes foram submetidos a exame radiográfico da região da articulação metacarpofalangeana do primeiro dedo da mão esquerda, utilizando película radiográfica oclusal, pela técnica de cone longo (40 cm), com tempo de exposição de 0,9 segundo, para avaliação do desenvolvimento do osso sesamóide adutor. Conclui-se que o método radiológico empregado é de fácil aplicação, principalmente em cidades que não possuem centros radiológicos. A ossificação do osso sesamóide adutor pode ser utilizado como indicador do início do Surto de Crescimento Puberal (SCP) sendo mais precoce nos indivíduos de gênero feminino; o padrão dentário é variável tanto para a idade óssea como para a cronológica em ambos os gêneros

ADERÊNCIA BACTERIANA ÀS SUPERFÍCIES DE BRÁQUETES ORTODÔNTICOS

Objetivo: analisar a aderência bacteriana à superfície de bráquetes ortodônticos de 3 marcas comerciais nacionais, Morelli (MO) , Abzil (AB), Aditek Brackets Axis (AD), sendo 20 bráquetes de cada marca comercial, todos para a técnica Edgewise e com slot .022. Metodologia: cada bráquete foi colocado em um tubo de ensaio contendo 2 mL de caldo Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) e 0,1 mL de saliva do pesquisador. Após a incubação de 72 horas a 37ºC, este procedimento foi repetido e os bráquetes novamente incubados. Decorridas 72h/37ºC, os bráquetes foram lavados em solução fisiológica esterilizada e transferidos para tubos tubo de ensaio contendo 10mL de soro fisiológico. Após agitação vigorosa por 1 minuto, alíquotas de 0,1 mL da suspensão obtida foram semeadas, em duplicata, em ágar BHI, e incubadas a 37ºC/48h. Após este período, determinou-se o número de unidades formadoras de colônia (UFC/mL), recuperado de cada bráquete. Resultados: por meio do teste Kruskal-Wallis, seguido por Student-Neuman-Keuls demonstrou-se haver diferença estatística significante entre os grupos MO-AB; AB-AD (

CARE FOR THE USE OF CROCHET OCTOPUS IN A NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE UNIT: PROTOCOL PROPOSAL

Crochet octopuses accommodated to newborns allow them to be more relaxed, helping to normalize cardiac and respiratory parameters, preventing them from pulling out devices and catheters, ensuring greater clinical stability and comfort for babies. This study aimed at evaluating the washing and disinfection process of the crochet octopus, in order to propose a hygiene and disinfection protocol to be used safely by the patient in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of a University Hospital. Samples of specific sizes were made, which went through a contamination process with two types of microorganisms with different characteristics (Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans). Following, three methods of hygiene and disinfection were applied. Afterwards, samples were cultured, sowing in a Petri dish containing specific culture medium for each microorganism. Thus, a comparison was made among the growth plates of the samples before and after going through the hygiene and disinfection processes. From the results it was possible to conclude that only the samples that went through the heavy washing process, showed zero growth, the other samples showed no difference in growth before and after the washes, thus the disinfection protocol that includes washing and sterilization is indicated, ensuring safety in the use of devices by patients admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

Subepithelial connective tissue graft: a case report

Introduction and objective: Marginal tissue recession represents a common condition in Periodontology. Miller’s Classes I and II recessions, in which the etiological factors are well diagnosed and eliminated, show great predictability of total coverage when the technique of subepithelial connective tissue graft is used. This technique success has been mainly attributed to the double blood supply for graft’s nutrition, originating from the connective tissue of both the periosteum and flap. Case report and conclusion: The authors reported a clinical case in which a Miller’s Class I recession was treated by the surgical technique of subepithelial connective tissue graft, obtaining total coverage, eliminating the aesthetic deficiency and the dentin hypersensitivity complained by patient

Toothpaste Prevents Debonded Brackets on Erosive Enamel

This study evaluated the effect of high fluoride dentifrice on the bond strength of brackets after erosive challenge. Eighty-four enamel specimens were divided into seven groups (n=12): WN (distilled water/no acid challenge), W3C (distilled water/3 cycles of acid challenge), and W6C (distilled water/6 cycles of acid challenge) were not submitted to dentifrice treatment. Groups RF3C (regular fluoride dentifrice/3 cycles of acid challenge) and RF6C (regular fluoride dentifrice/6 cycles of acid challenge) were treated with dentifrices containing 1450 μg F−/g and HF3C (high fluoride dentifrice/3 cycles of acid challenge) and HF6C (high fluoride dentifrice/6 cycles of acid challenge) were with 5000 μg F−/g. Acid challenges were performed for seven days. After bond strength test, there was no significant difference among groups submitted to 3 cycles of acid challenge (P>0.05). Statistically significant difference was found between the regular and high fluoride dentifrices after 6 cycles of acid challenge (<0.05). Similar areas of adhesive remaining were found among control groups and among groups W6C, RF3C, RF6C, HF3C, and HF6C. The high fluoride dentifrice was able to prevent the reduction of bond strength values of brackets submitted to acid challenge. Clinical relevance: the high fluoride toothpaste prevents debonded brackets on erosive enamel