Surface modification of ZnO and Ti02 nanoparticles under mild hydrothermal conditions

There are various techniques for synthesizing different Nanoparticles depending upon the desired properties, application, etc. One of these widely applied techniques is Hydrothermal. However, this technique is known for bulky materials and fabrication of nano-scale materials requires adopting some strategies to alter the properties of materials synthesized. We developed surface modification for this drawback. Application of surface modifier, or surfactant, or capping agent, or organic ligands in proper concentration could not only change morphology, reduce particle size, but also change the surface chemistry of the nanoparticles fabricated. The ZnO and TiO2 nanoparticles were modified using n-butylamine and caprylic acid as surface modifier under mild hydrothermal conditions (p= autogenous, T= 150-250°C, and t= 18 h). The nanoparticles modified were systematically characterized using Powder XRD, FTIR, SEM, zeta potential, and BET surface area. The characterization results revealed that nanoparticles have small size range, low agglomeration and highly stable. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/2086

The evolution of food security: where are we now, where should we go next?

Food security is one of the most challenging topics globally; however, the concept of food security has taken on additional dimensions that are general and are less detailed. This study aims to identify the intellectual structure of food security research and the changes in this structure. This paper analyzed 3169 documents from the Web of Science database through a bibliometric review. A review of the published documents shows an increasing trend over the past 46 years. In accordance with co-occurrence analysis, 125 keywords were grouped into five clusters: food security and sustainable development; food security and socioeconomic factors; food security policy and governance; coping strategies for poverty, inequality, and hunger; and modern food security management. This study identifies four streams within food security research: sustainability and environmental, socioeconomic, cultural, and political factors. The paper concludes that even though food security might investigate many significant areas, other new dimensions should still be considered. Further gaps in the literature emerge that present avenues for future research directions. Reviewing indicators and techniques of food security assessment and identifying high-risk groups should be a priority

Correlation between the isotropic energy and the peak energy at zero fluence for the individual pulses of GRBs: towards an universal physical correlation for the prompt emission

We find a strong correlation between the peak energy at zero fluence ($\rm E_{peak,0}$) and the isotropic energy ($\rm E_{\gamma,iso}$) of the 22 pulses of 9 Gamma Ray Bursts (GRB) detected by the Fermi satellite. The correlation holds for the individual pulses of each GRB, which shows the reality of the correlation. The derived correlation (Spearman correlation coefficient, $r$, is 0.96) is much stronger compared to the correlations using $\rm E_{peak}$ (in place of $\rm E_{peak,0}$) determined from the time-integrated spectrum ($r$ = 0.8), or the time-resolved spectrum not accounting for broad pulse structures ($r$ = 0.37), or the pulse-wise spectrum ($r$ = 0.89). Though the improvement in the $\rm E_{peak}$ - $\rm E_{\gamma,iso}$ relation (the Amati relation) for a pulse-wise analysis is known earlier, this is the first time a parameter derived from a joint spectral and timing fit to the data is shown to improve the correlation. We suggest that $\rm E_{peak,0}$, rather than $\rm E_{peak}$, is intrinsic to a GRB pulse and a natural choice as the parameter in the pulse-wise correlation studies.Comment: 6 pages, 2 tables, 2 figures, accepted for publication in Ap

The multispecific thyroid hormone transporter OATP1C1 mediates cell-specific sulforhodamine 101-labeling of hippocampal astrocytes

Sulforhodamine 101 (SR101) is widely used for astrocyte identification, though the labeling mechanism remains unknown and the efficacy of labeling in different brain regions is heterogeneous. By combining region-specific isolation of astrocytes followed by transcriptome analysis, two-photon excitation microscopy, and mouse genetics, we identified the thyroid hormone transporter OATP1C1 as the SR101-uptake transporter in hippocampus and cortex. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00429-013-0645-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users

Hardness as a Spectral Peak Estimator for Gamma-Ray Bursts

Simple hardness ratios are found to be a good estimator for the spectral peak energy in Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs). Specifically, a high correlation strength is found between the $\nu F_{\nu}$ peak in the spectrum of BATSE GRBs, \epo, and the hardness of GRBs, \hr, as defined by the fluences in channels 3 and 4, divided by the combined fluences in channels 1 and 2 of the BATSE Large Area Detectors. The correlation is independent of the type of the burst, whether Long-duration GRB (LGRB) or Short-duration (SGRB) and remains almost linear over the wide range of the BATSE energy window (20-2000 KeV). Based on Bayes theorem and Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques, we also present multivariate analyses of the observational data while accounting for data truncation and sample-incompleteness. Prediction intervals for the proposed \hrep ~relation are derived. Results and further simulations are used to compute \epo estimates for nearly the entire BATSE catalog: 2130 GRBs. These results may be useful for investigating the cosmological utility of the spectral peak in GRBs intrinsic luminosity estimates.Comment: MNRAS submitted, Some technical side analyses removed or reduced following the referee's review, 68 pages, 13 figure

Balanced Scorecard with Fuzzy Inference as a Performance Measurement in an Automotive Manufacturing line

Abstract In recent years, the balanced score card (BSC) has been the focus of considerable methodology for strategic cost management in management accounting area since it was originally proposed by Kaplan ,R.S. and Norton, D.P. in 1992. BSC is an approach to performance measurement based on both financial and nonfinancial information from four perspectives which are called financial, customer, internal business process, and learning and growth, in order to balance the traditional financial performance system by several grouping of performance measures: short-term and long-term, internal and external, and current and future. Over time, it has been developed to a strategic management system from a comprehensive performance measure, and used in many organizations such as business, hospital, and autonomy in many countries. In this paper, we propose a general model based on BSC by introducing fuzzy inference mechanism. From this, specialists' knowledge and experience can be effectively reflected during the construction of the practical model. Then we illustrate a practical example for an Automotive Manufacturing Co

Observational Constraints on Cosmological Models with the Updated Long Gamma-Ray Bursts

In the present work, by the help of the newly released Union2 compilation which consists of 557 Type Ia supernovae (SNIa), we calibrate 109 long Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) with the well-known Amati relation, using the cosmology-independent calibration method proposed by Liang {\it et al.}. We have obtained 59 calibrated high-redshift GRBs which can be used to constrain cosmological models without the circularity problem (we call them ``Hymnium'' GRBs sample for convenience). Then, we consider the joint constraints on 7 cosmological models from the latest observational data, namely, the combination of 557 Union2 SNIa dataset, 59 calibrated Hymnium GRBs dataset (obtained in this work), the shift parameter $R$ from the WMAP 7-year data, and the distance parameter $A$ of the measurement of the baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) peak in the distribution of SDSS luminous red galaxies. We also briefly consider the comparison of these 7 cosmological models.Comment: 19 pages, 3 tables, 10 figures, revtex4; v2: accepted for publication in JCAP; v3: published versio