Revealing and concealing personal and social problems: family coping strategies and a new engagement with officials and welfare agencies c.1900-12

Researchers from many disciplines have identified new forms of health and welfare services emerging in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Attention has focused on the growth of direct provision by the local and national state, and new relationships between the statutory and voluntary sectors. The literature describes an important transition from the general workhouse to more specialist institutions, and the rise of community care. It also suggests that the increasing number of women employed by statutory and voluntary sector organizations forged new relationships with clients, but to date this research has been limited by a lack of sources and an emphasis on controlling practices. This new research on the work of female sanitary inspectors parallels this interpretation in the sense it was often intrusive, and certainly created new routes into institutional care. However, it also supports the idea that the inspectors were welcomed by some sections of the community and thereby made a distinctive contribution to the evolution of health and welfare services.Wellcome Trus

Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies for extraversion:Findings from the Genetics of Personality Consortium

Extraversion is a relatively stable and heritable personality trait associated with numerous psychosocial, lifestyle and health outcomes. Despite its substantial heritability, no genetic variants have been detected in previous genome-wide association (GWA) studies, which may be due to relatively small sample sizes of those studies. Here, we report on a large meta-analysis of GWA studies for extraversion in 63,030 subjects in 29 cohorts. Extraversion item data from multiple personality inventories were harmonized across inventories and cohorts. No genome-wide significant associations were found at the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) level but there was one significant hit at the gene level for a long non-coding RNA site (LOC101928162). Genome-wide complex trait analysis in two large cohorts showed that the additive variance explained by common SNPs was not significantly different from zero, but polygenic risk scores, weighted using linkage information, significantly predicted extraversion scores in an independent cohort. These results show that extraversion is a highly polygenic personality trait, with an architecture possibly different from other complex human traits, including other personality traits. Future studies are required to further determine which genetic variants, by what modes of gene action, constitute the heritable nature of extraversion

The Effects of New Firm Formation on Regional Development Over Time: The Case of Great Britain

This paper re-examines the link between new firm formation and subsequent employment growth. It investigates whether it is possible to have the wrong type of entrepreneurship – defined as new firm formation which leads to zero or even negative subsequent employment growth. It uses a very similar approach to that of Fritsch and Mueller (2004), confirming their findings that the employment impact of new firm formation is in three discrete phases. Then, using data for Great Britain, the paper shows the employment impact of new firm formation is significantly positive in the high enterprise counties of Great Britain. However, for the low enterprise counties, it shows that new firm formation has a negative effect on employment. Of the 15 low enterprise regions, 8 are Scottish (out of 9 Scottish regions in our data base) and three are North East Counties (out of four). Our findings imply that having the “wrong type of entrepreneurship” is indeed possible

New winter wheat varieties : Hoff - a hard, red, winter wheat

Published July 1992. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalo

Mapping the interface between contemporary risk-focused policy and frontline enforcement practice

This article examined the impact of contemporary developments in probation policy on frontline practice. It drew on a study that generated qualitative data from probation officers based in Wales. The study explored inter alia the impact of the twin discusses of ‘risk management’ and ‘public protection’ on enforcement practice. The chapter described the study’s findings and drew attention to the tendency of some frontline officers to rely mainly on the welfare-oriented approach that dominated probation in its early formation

Work, Leisure, and Sport in Military and Civilian Internment Camps in Britain, 1914–1919

This article examines the work, leisure and sporting activities of Germans interned in Britain during the First world War