O pequeno grupo "Oficina de Capoeira" no contexto da reforma psiquiátrica The small "Capoeira Workshop" group in the context of psychiatric reform

A Oficina de Capoeira nasceu a partir da necessidade de inter-relação entre o Hospital Psiquiátrico São Pedro e a Vila São Pedro, haja vista a construção dos Serviços Residenciais Terapêuticos em parte da área territorial da vila. Composta de moradores da vila e usuários do hospital, esta oficina foi escolhida como objeto de estudo devido a sua singularidade, diversidade e contextualização na reforma psiquiátrica. Este estudo objetiva esclarecer como se produz e se organiza o sistema Pequeno Grupo Oficina de Capoeira, utilizando como principal referencial o Paradigma da Complexidade de Edgar Morin. As informações foram registradas a partir de observações e anotações em diário de campo. Participaram da pesquisa os sujeitos que constituíram a Oficina de Capoeira. Esta proposta nos sugere outras possibilidades de intervenção em pequenos grupos no contexto da reforma psiquiátrica. Todavia, precisamos viver a heterogeneidade e a incerteza do sistema como possibilidade de produção de sujeitos criativos.<br>The Capoeira workshop was formed from the need to strengthen the relationship between the Hospital Psiquiátrico São Pedro and the Vila São Pedro neighborhood, considering the construction of the Residential Therapeutic Services unit in the neighborhood. Composed of local residents and users of the hospital, the workshop was chosen as an object of study due to its uniqueness, its diversity and for the way it places psychiatric reform in context. The study aimed to understand how the small Capoeira Workshop group is produced and organized. The principal theoretical reference for the study was the Complexity Paradigm of Edgar Morin. The data was collected from observations and notations in a field notebook. Study participants included the subjects who composed the Capoeira Workshop. This created other possibilities for intervention in small groups in the context of psychiatric reform. Nevertheless, we need to experience the heterogeneity and the uncertainty of the system as a possibility for the production of creative subjects

Risco de suicídio em jovens com transtornos de ansiedade: estudo de base populacional Riesgo de suicidio en jóvenes con trastornos de ansiedad: estudio de base poblacional Suicide risk in young adults with anxiety disorders: population-based study

Este estudo teve por objetivo verificar a relação entre a presença de transtornos de ansiedade e risco de suicídio em jovens. Em delineamento transversal de base populacional, os jovens respondiam a um questionário sobre questões sociodemográficas, comportamentais e de saúde. Avaliou-se o bem-estar psicológico através da Escala de Faces de Andrews e consumo de substâncias foi efetuado pelo Teste de Triagem do Envolvimento com Álcool, Cigarro e Outras Substâncias, (Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involviment Screening Test - ASSIST). A Mini Internacional Neuropsychiatric Interview 5.0 avaliou transtornos de ansiedade e o risco de suicídio. Dos 1.621 jovens entrevistados, 20,9% apresentaram algum transtorno de ansiedade e 8,6% risco de suicídio. A presença de algum transtorno de ansiedade esteve significativamente associada ao risco de suicídio (RP 6,10 IC95% 3,95 a 9,43). Dessa forma, salienta-se a importância de maior atenção ao risco de suicídio também em pacientes com transtornos de ansiedade.<br>Este estudio tubo por objetivo verificar la relación entre la presencia de trastornos de ansiedad y riesgo de suicidio en jóvenes. En delineamiento transversal de base poblacional, los jóvenes respondían a un cuestionario sobre cuestiones sociodemográficas, comportamentales y de salud. Se evaluó el bienestar psicológico por medio de la escala de fases de Andrews y consumo de sustancias efectuada por la prueba de detección del envolvimiento con alcohol, cigarrillo y otras sustancias, (Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involviment Screening Test - ASSIST). La Mini Internacional Neuropsychiatric Interview 5.0 evaluó trastornos de ansiedad y el riesgo de suicidio. De los 1.621 jóvenes entrevistados, 20,9% presentaron algún trastorno de ansiedad y 8,6% riesgo de suicidio. La presencia de algún trastorno de ansiedad estuvo significativamente asociada al riesgo de suicidio (RP 6,10 IC95% 3,95 a 9,43). De esa forma, se resalta la importancia de mayor atención al riesgo de suicidio también en pacientes con trastornos de ansiedad.<br>This study aimed at investigating the relationship between the presence of anxiety disorders and suicide risk in young adults. In a cross-sectional population-based design young adults answered a questionnaire about sociodemographic, behavioral and health characteristics. The measure of psychological well-being was made by Faces Scale of Andrews while the substances use evaluation was performed according to the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST). The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview 5.0 evaluated anxiety disorders and suicide risk. Among the 1.621 young adults interviewed, 20.9% had some anxiety disorders and 8.6% suicide risk. After multivariate analysis, the presence of any anxiety disorder was significantly associated with suicide risk (PR 6.10 95% CI 3.95 to 9.43). Thus, it is highlighted the importance of greater attention to suicide risk in those patients with anxiety disorders

Bezafibrate activation of PPAR drives disturbances in mitochondrial redox bioenergetics and decreases the viability of cells from patients with VLCAD deficiency

Very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (VLCAD) deficiency is the most common inborn long-chain fatty acid oxidation (FAO) disorder. VLCAD deficiency is characterized by distinct phenotypes. The severe phenotypes are potentially life-threatening and affect the heart or liver, with a comparatively milder phenotype characterized by myopathic symptoms. There is an unmet clinical need for effective treatment options for the myopathic phenotype. The molecular mechanisms driving the gradual decrease in mitochondrial function and associated alterations of muscle fibers are unclear. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) pan-agonist bezafibrate is a potent modulator of FAO and multiple other mitochondrial functions and has been proposed as a potential medication for myopathic cases of long-chain FAO disorders. In vitro experiments have demonstrated the ability of bezafibrate to increase VLCAD expression and activity. However, the outcome of small-scale clinical trials has been controversial. We found VLCAD deficient patient fibroblasts to have an increased oxidative stress burden and deranged mitochondrial bioenergetic capacity, compared to controls. Applying heat stress under fasting conditions to bezafibrate pretreated patient cells, caused a marked further increase of mitochondrial superoxide levels. Patient cells failed to maintain levels of the essential thiol peptide antioxidant glutathione and experienced a decrease in cellular viability. Our findings indicate that chronic PPAR activation is a plausible initiator of long-term pathogenesis in VLCAD deficiency. Our findings further implicate disruption of redox homeostasis as a key pathogenic mechanism in VLCAD deficiency and support the notion that a deranged thiol metabolism might be an important pathogenic factor in VLCAD deficiency