Andalucía transversal: sistema de información activa del espacio público en Andalucía

Andalucía Transversal [2] es un laboratorio de investigación activa sobre Espacio Público, apoyado en las infraestructuras de datos existentes, donde se pretende articular la información espacial para dar soporte a la formulación, implementación y evaluación de políticas públicas a diferentes niveles en el Paisaje Urbano de Andalucía. La presente actividad investigadora se enmarca en la segunda convocatoria de ayudas de I+D+i (G-GI3001/IDIU) de la Agencia de Obra Pública de la Junta de Andalucía, cofinanciadas con fondos europeos. Andalucía Transversal rescata una serie de iniciativas y documentos de investigación activa sobre territorio, paisaje, patrimonio y espacio público, en los que un grupo de profesionales de diferentes disciplinas y entornos, pertenecientes a la universidad, a la administración pública y a la empresa privada, lleva trabajando los últimos diez años. La metodología utilizada es en código abierto, transdisciplinar, más global que puramente urbanística o arquitectónica. El modelo empleado es experimental, integrador, centrado en el usuario y de carácter transversal. Redescubrir el Espacio Público en Andalucía supone intervenir en la re-activación de la ciudad histórica y de la ciudad en tránsito. Las preguntas centrales a las que se han de responder son: ¿Cómo son los nuevos lugares de lo público en Andalucía? ¿Cómo se puede ayudar a resolver los conflictos planteados en los nuevos espacios públicos? ¿Cómo se pueden orientar las políticas institucionales sobre espacios públicos? ¿Cómo se puede facilitar la colaboración entre los técnicos, los políticos y los ciudadanos en los proyectos de intervención sobre los espacios públicos? ¿Cómo se puede favorecer la apropiación de los ciudadanos de los espacios públicos? ¿Cómo se puede incrementar y mejorar la participación de los ciudadanos en la decisión sobre los espacios públicos? ¿Cuáles son sus conexiones y sus pautas evolutivas? ¿Es posible definirlas desde nuestras disciplinas y cómo? O bien, ¿Estamos ante un proceso de cambio y transformación que demanda nuevas metodologías y herramientas de acción?Tópico 1: Aspectos teóricos, históricos, legales, económicos y tecnológicos de la protección, conservación y valoración de los bienes del patrimonio cultural tangible. Planificación y gestión sostenible de los bienes del patrimonio cultural (arquitectónico, ingenieril, arqueológico) y paisajístico. Circuitos turísticos culturale

Denervación renal en el tratamiento de la hipertensión arterial. Posicionamiento conjunto de la SEH-LELHA y la ACI-SEC

Hypertension is the most prevalent cardiovascular risk factor. Despite pharmacological treatment, a high percentage of patients do not achieve an adequate blood pressure control. Renal sympathetic denervation is a minimally invasive intervention for the management of hypertension involving the interruption of the renal artery sympathetic nervous system using a catheter-based approach. The early studies showed promising results, but the controversial results coming from the SYMPLICITY HTN-3 trial sent this technique into oblivion. Over the last 3 years, new clinical trials have appeared including new devices used in different populations, which definitively proves the effectiveness of renal sympathetic denervation. This joint position statement from the Spanish Society of Hypertension-Spanish League for Combating High Blood Pressure (SEH-LELHA), and the Interventional Cardiology Association of the Spanish Society of Cardiology (ACI-SEC) reviews the evidence available on the efficacy and safety profile of renal sympathetic denervation for the management of hypertension. Based on the results of clinical trials, recommendations have been established on what patients may be eligible for renal sympathetic denervation and under what circumstances

Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) and its relation with perioperative complications : literature review

El objetivo de este artículo es revisar la importancia del síndrome de apnea-hipopnea obstructiva del sueño (SAHOS) en la población que va a ser llevada a cirugía y cómo detectar en el preoperatorio a pacientes con riesgo elevado de complicaciones en el perioperatorio mediante el cuestionario STOP-BANG. Para lo anterior, se realizó una búsqueda en las bases Pubmed, Science y SciELO. El SAHOS es un problema médico importante con prevalencia variable (hasta el 26 % en la población general dependiendo del centro donde se evalúe). Es una enfermedad de inicio insidioso y progresivo, en la que hay episodios recurrentes de apneas o hipopneas causadas por obstrucción de la vía aérea superior durante el sueño que produce un deterioro significativo de la calidad de vida. Se quiere evaluar si el cuestionario STOP-BANG es útil para identificar, en el preoperatorio, a pacientes que tengan complicaciones perioperatorias, probablemente porque identifica pacientes con SAHOS no diagnosticado.Artículo de revisión407-423The aim of this article is to make a literature review of the importance of Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome (OSA) in the population that will be taken to surgery and how to detect preoperatively patients at high risk for perioperative complications by the STOP-BANG questionnaire. Thus, we performed a search in PubMed, Science and SciELO databases. OSA is a major medical problem with variable prevalence (up to 26 % in the general population depending on the centre where they are evaluated). It is a disease with an insidious and progressive onset, in which there are recurrent episodes of apneas or hypopneas caused by obstruction of the upper airway during sleep, resulting in a significant impairment of quality of life. Therefore, we want to assess whether this instrument can be used to identify, preoperatively, patients who have perioperative complications, probably because it identifies patients with undiagnosed OSA

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

Chorological highlight news for vascular flora of Andalusia (southem Spain), IV

Se presentan 39 citas de 29 taxones herborizados en Andalucía (6 de carácter alóctono y 23 autóctono), de las que 5 representan novedad para la flora de Andalucía, 7 novedad para la flora de Andalucía Oriental y 27 que suponen novedades corológicas o poblacionales destacables y de especial interés.Abstract: 39 citations of 29 collected taxa in Andalusia are presented, (6 of an indigenous nature and 23 native), of which 5 represent a novelty for the flora of Andalusia, 7 a novelty for the flora of Eastern Andalusia and 27 that represent remarkable chorological or populational innovations and of special interest

Volatile-organic-compound optic fiber sensor using a gold-silver vapochromic complex

7 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables.We describe a new gold-silver complex based on 2,2-bipyridine, whose formula is {Au2Ag2(C6F5)4[(C5H4N)-(C5H4N)]2}n, used to detect volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as ethanol, methanol, and acetic acid. This organometallic material is presented in the form of bright yellow powder, and suffers a change in its optical properties when it is exposed to VOCs. A new fiber optic sensor is presented based on the properties of a new vapochromic material. The sensor works in a reflection configuration and consists of an optic fiber pigtail (core diameter is 200 µm and cladding is 230 µm) on the cleaved end of which the vapochromic material, previously mixed with a commercially available solvent, Liquicoat®, is deposited by using the dip-coating technique. Using an optical source and a photodetector, it is possible to detect and quantify the change in reflected intensity-modulated signal when the sensor is exposed to VOC inside a sealed chamber. This behavior can be related to the VOC concentration. The study of the sensor's response is made at a specific wavelength for different VOC concentrations. Limits of detection of 2.16, 1.73, and 3.73 mg/L of vapors of ethanol, methanol, and acetic acid vapors, respectively, are attained.The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the FPU Grant of the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport (reference AP2002-1033), Projects MAT 2003- 09074-C02-01, CICyT TIC2003-00909, and BQU2002- 04090-C02-02 of the Ministry of Science and Technology, and to Consejería de Medio Ambiente de la Junta de Andalucía and Gobierno de Navarra.Peer reviewe

A random comparison of fosinopril and nifedipine GITS in patients with primary renal disease

OBJECTIVE: To investigate in a random comparison the capacity of an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (fosinopril), and that of a long-acting dihydropiridine (nifedipine GITS) to modify the decay in renal function in patients with primary renal disease, exhibiting a progressive increase in serum creatinine during the previous 2 years. METHODS: A randomized, open-label, multicenter study with a minimum follow-up of 3 years. A total of 241 patients were included in the study. All of them were hypertensive and had a 25% or at least 0.5 mg/dl increase in the value of serum creatinine during the 24 months prior to entering the study. Initial doses of fosinopril and nifedipine GITS were 10 and 30 mg respectively, and titration to 30 and 60 mg was performed if needed to obtain the expected blood pressure goal (< 140/90 mmHg). Furosemide, atenolol, and doxazosin were added as second, third, and fourth drugs if necessary, for blood pressure control. The primary end-point of the study was the appearance of double the serum creatinine values and/or the need to enter a dialysis programme. Secondary end-points were cardiovascular events, death, changes in 24 h proteinuria, and the evolution of serum creatinine. Data reflect the analysis performed by intention to treat. RESULTS: Mean age of the group was 54 +/- 14, and 59% were males. Primary glomerulonephritis (31%), nephrosclerosis (26%) and polycystic kidney disease (19%) were the three most frequent diagnostic findings. After 3 years of follow-up, 21% (27/127) of patients treated with fosinopril, and 36% (40/112) of those receiving nifedipine GITS presented a primary end-point, (OR 0.47, 95% confidence intervals 0.26-0.84, P = 0.01). Renal survival was significantly better when fosinopril constituted the first step therapy (P = 0.002). These results did not seem to be influenced by the type of primary renal disease. Proteinuria decreased at the end of the study by a mean of 57% in the fosinopril group and increased by 7% in the group receiving dihydropiridine. Blood pressure control did not differ among groups for diastolic values. During follow-up, however, the patients receiving ACEi showed systolic blood pressure values 4-6 mmHg lower. CONCLUSION: In patients with chronic renal failure and hypertension due to primary renal disease, fosinopril significantly differed from nifedipine GITS by its capacity to slow the progressive decay in renal function. The drugs also differed by their capacity to lower blood pressure. The better control, in particular of systolic blood pressure, in the fosinopril arm could have contributed in a relevant manner to the attainment of a better outcome when the ACEi was employed

Prevalence and clinical characteristics of white-coat hypertension based on different definition criteria in untreated and treated patients

BACKGROUND AND AIM: The prevalence and associated risks of white-coat hypertension (WCH) are still a matter of debate. We aimed to assess differences in prevalence and associated conditions of WCH defined on the basis of the normality of all daytime, night-time, and 24-h blood pressure (BP), only daytime, or only 24-h BP. METHODS: We selected 115 708 patients (45 020 untreated and 70 688 treated) from the Spanish Ambulatory BP Monitoring Registry. WCH was estimated in patients with elevated office BP (≥140 and/or 90 mmHg) by using normal daytime (<135/85) BP, normal 24-h BP (<130/80), or normal daytime, night-time (<120/70) and 24-h BP. Demographic and clinical data (associated risk factors and organ damage) were compared among groups. RESULTS: Prevalence of WCH was 41.3, 35.2, and 26.1% in untreated, and 45.8, 38.9, and 27.2% in treated patients with elevated office BP, by using the criteria of daytime, 24-h, or all ambulatory periods. Compared with the normotensive group, WCH defined by normal daytime, night-time, and 24-h BP did not significantly differ in terms of other cardiovascular risk factors or organ damage. In contrast, patients from other groups (either only normal daytime BP or 24-h BP) had significantly more prevalence of diabetes, dyslipidaemia, microalbuminuria, left ventricular hypertrophy, reduced renal function, and previous history of cardiovascular disease. CONCLUSION: Prevalence of WCH is dependent on definition criteria. Only diagnostic criteria which considers the normality of all ambulatory periods identifies patients with cardiovascular risk similar to normotensive patients. These results support using such criteria for a more accurate definition of WCH.Sin financiación4.099 JCR (2017) Q1, 11/65 Peripheral Vascular DiseaseUE