The Effects Of Different Elicitors Supplemented In Cell Suspension Culture Of Eurycoma Longifolia Jack. On Cytotoxic Activities Against Human Colon Cancer Cell Line

Kajian ini dijalankan untuk menyiasat kesan elisitor biotik dan abiotik untuk meningkatkan aktiviti sitotoksik sel-sel E. longifolia Jack. terhadap titisan sel kanser kolon manusia. Kalus rapuh digunakan untuk memulakan kultur sel ampaian E. longifolia Jack. dalam medium cecair MS yang ditambahkan dengan 0.5 mg/L NAA dan 0.25 mg/L 2,4-D. Corak pertumbuhan sel didapati mengikut suatu lengkuangan sigmoid tipikal. Pelbagai fasa pertumbuhan sel, fasa lag, log dan pegun, dengan jangka masa tertentu telah dikenalpastikan berdasar kepada indeks pertumbuhan sel dan berat sel kering. Di samping itu, tiga hari inokulasi elisitor yang berbeza and hari penuaian telah ditentukan berdasarkan corak pertumbuhan sel. Hari inokulasi: Hari 0 (permulaan pengkultran), Hari 13 (pertangahan fasa log) dan Hari 17 (pengakhiran fasa log); Hari penuaian: Hari 18 (permulan fasa pegun) telah ditentukan. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of biotic and abiotic elicitors in enhancing the cytotoxic activities of E. longfolia Jack. cell extract against human colon cancer cell line. Friable callus was used to initiate cell suspension culture of E. longifolia Jack. in modified MS liquid medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L NAA and 0.25 mg/L 2,4-D. The cell growth pattern was found to follow a typical sigmoid curve. Various growth phases, the lag, log and stationary phases, with their specific durations were identified based on the cell growth index and dried cell mass. In addition, three different inoculation days of elicitor and harvesting day were determined based on its cell growth pattern. Inoculation day: Day 0 (beginning of culture), Day 13 (middle of log phase) and Day 17 (end of log phase); harvesting day: Day 18 (beginning of stationary shape) were then determined

Coupling Normalization with Moving Window in Backpropagation Neural Network (BNN) for Passive Microwave Soil Moisture Retrieval

A common practice to capture the non-stationary characteristics of the time series data in Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is by randomly dividing the whole set of available data into training, validation and testing, i.e. the data in validation and testing are represented in the training data. Consequently, the usability of the developed model on data not represented by the training data used during the network model development process is always doubtful. In this work, we present a backpropagation neural network (BNN) model trained using one-day history data to predict soil moisture data at 1  km resolution for two future dates. Specifically, high soil moisture values were observed in the training data while the testing data were characterized by drier conditions due to minimal or no rainfall. Our model uses separate mean and standard deviation statistics values from the training and testing data, respectively, to the z-normalized data. With data pre-processed using this method, the BNN model next uses a moving window of size 4  km × 4  km to capture the spatial variability of the soil moisture throughout the 40  km × 40  km study area. The coupling of the normalization and moving window method managed to achieve average soil moisture with Root Mean Square (RMSE) of 3.67% and correlation coefficient, R2 of 0.89. By only using the suggested normalization without the moving window method, the BNN model managed to achieve an average RMSE of barely 5.82% with R2 = 0.83. When comparing with the normal practice of using the same mean and standard deviation statistics of the training data in the testing data, the retrieval accuracy of the BNN model deteriorates to 8.86% with R2 = 0.32. The experiment results demonstrated that the proposed coupling method performed better in terms of both RMSE and R2 for soil moisture retrieval

Towards a global partnership model in interprofessional education for cross-sector problem-solving

Objectives A partnership model in interprofessional education (IPE) is important in promoting a sense of global citizenship while preparing students for cross-sector problem-solving. However, the literature remains scant in providing useful guidance for the development of an IPE programme co-implemented by external partners. In this pioneering study, we describe the processes of forging global partnerships in co-implementing IPE and evaluate the programme in light of the preliminary data available. Methods This study is generally quantitative. We collected data from a total of 747 health and social care students from four higher education institutions. We utilized a descriptive narrative format and a quantitative design to present our experiences of running IPE with external partners and performed independent t-tests and analysis of variance to examine pretest and posttest mean differences in students’ data. Results We identified factors in establishing a cross-institutional IPE programme. These factors include complementarity of expertise, mutual benefits, internet connectivity, interactivity of design, and time difference. We found significant pretest–posttest differences in students’ readiness for interprofessional learning (teamwork and collaboration, positive professional identity, roles, and responsibilities). We also found a significant decrease in students’ social interaction anxiety after the IPE simulation. Conclusions The narrative of our experiences described in this manuscript could be considered by higher education institutions seeking to forge meaningful external partnerships in their effort to establish interprofessional global health education

First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope Results. VII. Polarization of the Ring

The Event Horizon Telescope observed the horizon-scale synchrotron emission region around the Galactic center supermassive black hole, Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*), in 2017. These observations revealed a bright, thick ring morphology with a diameter of 51.8 ± 2.3 μas and modest azimuthal brightness asymmetry, consistent with the expected appearance of a black hole with mass M ≈ 4 × 106 M ⊙. From these observations, we present the first resolved linear and circular polarimetric images of Sgr A*. The linear polarization images demonstrate that the emission ring is highly polarized, exhibiting a prominent spiral electric vector polarization angle pattern with a peak fractional polarization of ∼40% in the western portion of the ring. The circular polarization images feature a modestly (∼5%–10%) polarized dipole structure along the emission ring, with negative circular polarization in the western region and positive circular polarization in the eastern region, although our methods exhibit stronger disagreement than for linear polarization. We analyze the data using multiple independent imaging and modeling methods, each of which is validated using a standardized suite of synthetic data sets. While the detailed spatial distribution of the linear polarization along the ring remains uncertain owing to the intrinsic variability of the source, the spiraling polarization structure is robust to methodological choices. The degree and orientation of the linear polarization provide stringent constraints for the black hole and its surrounding magnetic fields, which we discuss in an accompanying publication

Comparison of mechanical properties of hydroxyapatite derived from different additive powders with conventional sintering / See Kwan Wern

Hydroxyapatite powder was prepared by wet chemical precipitation using eggshells derived CaO and H3PO4. The effects of calcination of temperature on the purity of CaO extracted from waste eggshells were investigated from 700°C to 1000°C. XRD results show the formation of pure CaO with highest purity achieved at 900°C. Hence, a calcination temperature of 900°C was chosen to produce CaO. The hydroxyapatite powder obtained after precipitation was milled together with 0.5% wt additive of Zinc Oxide, Magnesium Oxide, Aluminum Oxide and Titanium Oxide for evaluated the mechanical and physical properties. The sintering temperature for these samples ranged from 1050°C to 1350°C. It was perceived that at sintering temperature from 1050°C to 1250°C, all the additive doped HA samples demonstrated better hardness and fracture toughness than undoped HA. The maximum Vickers hardness was at 1250°C for all the additives, the fractures toughness showed better results at 1150°C. At a sintering temperature of 1350°C, the hardness and toughness decreased. This is suspected to be due to the decomposition of HA to its secondary phases (α-TCP and TTCP) and hence reducing its performance. Among all the sintering additive, aluminum oxide shows the best performance for hardness and fracture toughness. The hardness of Aluminum oxide (Al203) doped HA peaked at 1250°C (7.551GPa) and the fracture toughness of Al203 doped HA peaked at a maximum value (1.35 MPam1/2) when sintered at 1150°C

Spin carbon nanotubes into CNT fibers

This research is about the study of the mechanical properties of the Carbon NanoTubes (CNT) fibers that are being spun and twisted together. The spun single strand fibers are then followed by a liquid shrinking process to densify the fibers. After densifying, each strand of fiber were tested for their mechanical properties before they were divided into smaller segments and twisted together to form multi-ply fibers, ranging from a 2 ply CNT yarn to a 10 ply CNT yarn. Samples from the multi-ply fibers were then tested to investigate how the mechanical properties of the twisted fibers change with respect to the different pitch and number of fibers twisted together. Results showed that for a 2-ply and 3-ply CNT yarn, there is an optimal pitch value giving the optimal increase in its overall tensile stress by around 20%. Any pitch below the optimal value will starts to degrades the tensile stress until it reaches a negative value. Results for 4-ply and 6-ply CNT yarns also showed an increase in mechanical stress by 30% and 40%, respectively. It is believed that higher number multi-ply CNT yarns could actually lead to a higher increase in mechanical strength.Bachelor of Engineering (Mechanical Engineering

Detection of human coronavirus infections by reverse transcription PCRin children hospitalized with respiratory disease in Hong Kong

published_or_final_versionMedical SciencesMasterMaster of Medical Science

Abdominal aortic peripheral intervention to facilitate intra-aortic balloon pump support during high risk percutaneous coronary intervention: a case report

UA Open Access Publishing FundBackground: The use of intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) via the trans-femoral approach has been established for hemodynamic support in patients undergoing high-risk percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, there are various challenges associated with its use, especially in patients with aortoiliac occlusive arterial disease. Case presentation: We describe a case of high-risk PCI with IABP support complicated by intra-procedural detection of severe abdominal aortic stenosis that was successfully overcome with angioplasty of the stenotic lesion. Conclusions: Our report highlights distal abdominal aortic stenosis as a potential barrier to successful PCI with IABP support, and angioplasty as an effective means to overcome it.Open access.This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at [email protected]