Atención de niñas y adolescentes menores de 15 años embarazadas

Este documento está dirigido, principalmente, a integrantes de equipos de salud y a los demás organismos del Sistema de Protección Integral de Derechos de Niños, Niñas y Adolescentes, tales como docentes, operadores y operadoras de diversos sectores, que tienen la responsabilidad de detectar y asistir a NNyA con capacidad de gestar que están en situación de embarazo. En esta ruta se proponen lineamientos para facilitar los aspectos asistenciales, la adecuación de escenarios y los recursos necesarios para ofrecer una atención de calidad, integral, humanizada y respetuosa de los derechos de las niñas y adolescentes. La atención de estas en el sistema de salud requiere un abordaje diferenciado y específico, atento a sus particularidades y necesidades

Atención de niñas y adolescentes menores de 15 años embarazadas: hoja de ruta: herramientas para orientar el trabajo de los equipos de salud

Se plantea como un objetivo lograr la articulación entre el primer nivel de atención y los niveles de referencia para el abordaje del embarazo adolescente temprano. Se entiende que esta modalidad asistencial, en la que participan equipos en red, es de vital importancia para la rápida respuesta a NyA que transiten esta circunstancia.En conclusión, el sistema de salud debe asumir el compromiso de velar por el interés superior de estas NyA, lo que implica abandonar el paradigma que las revictimiza sometiéndolas a una maternidad forzada. En cambio, debe ofrecer una consejería integral e informada que las sitúe en el centro de las decisiones sobre sus cuerpos y sus futuros

Prevención selectiva del consumo problemático de alcohol en la escuela

Con base en fundamentos teóricos y empíricos, se diseña una estrategia de formación a orientadores escolares, con el objetivo de fomentar en ellos las competencias requeridas para implementar en sus instituciones dos programas de prevención de corte motivacional, uno de ellos centrado en el fomento del sentido de vida y otro orientado al fomento de la abstención y la moderación en el consumo de alcohol

The impact of Oportunidades on human capital and income distribution in Mexico: A top-down/bottom-up approach

This paper sets a computable general equilibrium model for the Mexican economy and a behavioural microsimulation model for Mexico's Oportunidades social transfers, and links the models in a bi-directional and iterative way. The model results suggest that partial equilibrium analysis may underestimate the effects of the program. Extending the coverage of the program leads to a significant increase in school attendance, which lowers labour supply and increases the equilibrium wages of the children who remain at work. The general equilibrium effect indirectly reduces income inequality and poverty at the national level

Land conflict in peri-urban areas: Exploring the effects of land reform on informal settlement in Mexico

Peri-urban areas are often subject to intensive construction, through both formal and informal processes. As land transitions from rural to urban status, different land tenure and administration systems may come into conflict, leading to disputes, contestation and, in some cases, violence. However, little is known about the precise causes of peri-urban land conflict. In Mexico, peri-urban growth has historically proceeded peacefully, owing to the control exerted by a corporatist system of government, and the political use of land tenure regularisation. However, the effects of land reforms on transactions at the peri-urban fringe, in the context of wider processes of liberalisation, may be increasing vulnerability to conflict over land. This paper explores these issues through a case study of an irregular settlement on the peri-urban fringe of the provincial Mexican city of Xalapa, where contestations over informally developed land have escalated into violent encounters between groups of settlers and the state. The findings show that vulnerability to conflict in peri-urban areas can be attributed to the interaction of macro-level processes with local-level factors, including diverse claims, overlapping legal and governance frameworks and, critically, local power relations

Ecosystems-based adaptation: Are we being conned? Evidence from Mexico

This paper scrutinises claims made about the promise and efficacy of ecosystems-based adaptation (EBA), through an exploration of EBA-relevant interventions in two fieldsites in Mexico. Our data starts to fill important gaps in current global debates about EBA. We find evidence of the important contribution of interventions relevant to EBA objectives at a small scale and under very specific conditions. However, the viability of similar interventions is substantially reduced, and arguably rendered null, as an incentive for conservation in a more populous fieldsites. Furthermore, evidence suggests that other adaptation options risked being overlooked if the context were viewed solely through the lens of EBA. We conclude that EBA needs to: a) engage with and address the trade-offs which characterised earlier attempts to integrate conservation and development, and; b) acknowledge the implications for its objectives of a globally predominant, neoliberal political economy

Prevalence of anemia and deficiency of iron, folic acid, and zinc in children younger than 2 years of age who use the health services provided by the Mexican Social Security Institute

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>In Mexico, as in other developing countries, micronutrient deficiencies are common in infants between 6 and 24 months of age and are an important public health problem. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of anemia and of iron, folic acid, and zinc deficiencies in Mexican children under 2 years of age who use the health care services provided by the Mexican Institute for Social Security (IMSS).</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A nationwide survey was conducted with a representative sample of children younger than 2 years of age, beneficiaries, and users of health care services provided by IMSS through its regular regimen (located in urban populations) and its Oportunidades program (services offered in rural areas). A subsample of 4,955 clinically healthy children was studied to determine their micronutrient status. A venous blood sample was drawn to determine hemoglobin, serum ferritin, percent of transferrin saturation, zinc, and folic acid. Descriptive statistics include point estimates and 95% confidence intervals for the sample and projections for the larger population from which the sample was drawn.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Twenty percent of children younger than 2 years of age had anemia, and 27.8% (rural) to 32.6% (urban) had iron deficiency; more than 50% of anemia was not associated with low ferritin concentrations. Iron stores were more depleted as age increased. Low serum zinc and folic acid deficiencies were 28% and 10%, respectively, in the urban areas, and 13% and 8%, respectively, in rural areas. The prevalence of simultaneous iron and zinc deficiencies was 9.2% and 2.7% in urban and rural areas. Children with anemia have higher percentages of folic acid deficiency than children with normal iron status.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Iron and zinc deficiencies constitute the principal micronutrient deficiencies in Mexican children younger than 2 years old who use the health care services provided by IMSS. Anemia not associated with low ferritin values was more prevalent than iron-deficiency anemia. The presence of micronutrient deficiencies at this early age calls for effective preventive public nutrition programs to address them.</p

El programa de desarrollo humano del Gobierno de México: Modelo de evaluación, seguimiento y monitoreo

Esta presentación fue realizada en la Red de Reducción de la Pobreza y la Protección Social del Diálogo Regional de Política para la Reunión Subregional de Centro América celebrada los días 19 y 20 de Julio de 2004 en México, D.F. Esta presentación discute el programa Oportunidades, el principal programa social del Gobierno de México. También incluye los resultados obtenidos en nutrición

ENGM - 2004

El objetivo de esta encuesta es contar con instrumentos de beneficio institucional para los tres órdenes de gobierno, que permiten tener información para realizar un diagnóstico de todos los municipios en el país y poder plantear soluciones que garanticen un desarrollo social y económico más eficient

Programa 3x1 para migrantes y proyecto piloto 3x1 para migrantes: Innovación y fortalecimiento fase 1

El programa 3X1 surgió en el 2002 como una iniciativa del gobierno mexicano para apoyar las iniciativas de clubes y asociaciones de emigrantes radicados en el extranjero para mejorar las condiciones sociales de sus comunidades de origen. Esta presentación expone la estrategia del programa de financiar inversiones a través de la concurrencia de recursos del Gobierno Federal, estados, municipios, y emigrantes con un 25% de aporte de los clubes de emigrantes y un 75% de aporte público. También, presenta los objetivos específicos del programa: 1) impulsar las iniciativas corresponsables en las que los emigrantes y los tres órdenes de gobierno ejecuten proyectos; 2) promover y canalizar las propuestas de inversión a las comunidades de alta migración y pobreza.Pobreza, Migración y migrantes, Reunión Centroamericana de la Red de Pobreza y Protección Social