1,565 research outputs found
Controlling the microstructure of CuO/ZnO systems by preparation and thermal processing from hydroxycarbonate precursors
Goldstone boson counting in linear sigma models with chemical potential
We analyze the effects of finite chemical potential on spontaneous breaking
of internal symmetries within the class of relativistic field theories
described by the linear sigma model. Special attention is paid to the emergence
of ``abnormal'' Goldstone bosons with quadratic dispersion relation. We show
that their presence is tightly connected to nonzero density of the Noether
charges, and formulate a general counting rule. The general results are
demonstrated on an SU(3)xU(1) invariant model with an SU(3)-sextet scalar
field, which describes one of the color-superconducting phases of QCD.Comment: 10 pages, REVTeX4, 4 eps figures, v2: general discussion in Sec. IV
expanded and improved, references added, other minor corrections throughout
the tex
Randomized Rounding for the Largest Simplex Problem
The maximum volume -simplex problem asks to compute the -dimensional
simplex of maximum volume inside the convex hull of a given set of points
in . We give a deterministic approximation algorithm for this
problem which achieves an approximation ratio of . The problem
is known to be -hard to approximate within a factor of for
some constant . Our algorithm also gives a factor
approximation for the problem of finding the principal submatrix of
a rank positive semidefinite matrix with the largest determinant. We
achieve our approximation by rounding solutions to a generalization of the
-optimal design problem, or, equivalently, the dual of an appropriate
smallest enclosing ellipsoid problem. Our arguments give a short and simple
proof of a restricted invertibility principle for determinants
Cliffordons
At higher energies the present complex quantum theory with its unitary group
might expand into a real quantum theory with an orthogonal group, broken by an
approximate operator at lower energies. Implementing this possibility
requires a real quantum double-valued statistics. A Clifford statistics,
representing a swap (12) by a difference of Clifford units,
is uniquely appropriate. Unlike the Maxwell-Boltzmann, Fermi-Dirac,
Bose-Einstein, and para- statistics, which are tensorial and single-valued, and
unlike anyons, which are confined to two dimensions, Clifford statistics are
multivalued and work for any dimensionality. Nayak and Wilczek proposed a
Clifford statistics for the fractional quantum Hall effect. We apply them to
toy quanta here. A complex-Clifford example has the energy spectrum of a system
of spin-1/2 particles in an external magnetic field. This supports the proposal
that the double-valued rotations --- spin --- seen at current energies might
arise from double-valued permutations --- swap --- to be seen at higher
energies. Another toy with real Clifford statistics illustrates how an
effective imaginary unit can arise naturally within a real quantum theory.Comment: 15 pages, no figures; original title ("Clifford statistics") changed;
to appear in J. Math. Phys., 42, 2001. Key words: Clifford statistics,
cliffordons, double-valued representations of permutation groups, spin, swap,
imaginary unit , applications to quantum space-time and the Standard
Model. Some of these results were presented at the American Physical Society
Centennial Meeting, Atlanta, March 25, 199
The relationship between parental education and children's schooling in a time of economic turmoil: The case of East Zimbabwe, 2001 to 2011.
Using data collected from 1998 to 2011 in a general population cohort study in eastern Zimbabwe, we describe education trends and the relationship between parental education and children's schooling during the Zimbabwean economic collapse of the 2000s. During this period, the previously-rising trend in education stalled, with girls suffering disproportionately; however, female enrolment increased as the economy began to recover. Throughout the period, children with more educated parents continued to have better outcomes such that, at the population level, an underlying increase in the proportion of children with more educated parents may have helped to maintain the upwards education trend
Correlations between the nature of mixed Cu/Zn-hydroxycarbonate precipitates, their thermal decomposition behaviour and the crystallinity of the oxides obtained thereby
A structural perspective of the role of IP6 in immature and mature retroviral assembly
The small cellular molecule inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6) has been known for ~20 years to promote the in vitro assembly of HIV-1 into immature virus-like particles. However, the molecular details underlying this effect have been determined only recently, with the identification of the IP6 binding site in the immature Gag lattice. IP6 also promotes formation of the mature capsid protein (CA) lattice via a second IP6 binding site, and enhances core stability, creating a favorable environment for reverse transcription. IP6 also enhances assembly of other retroviruses, from both the Lentivirus and the Alpharetrovirus genera. These findings suggest that IP6 may have a conserved function throughout the family Retroviridae. Here, we discuss the different steps in the viral life cycle that are influenced by IP6, and describe in detail how IP6 interacts with the immature and mature lattices of different retroviruses
Synchronization of chaotic networks with time-delayed couplings: An analytic study
Networks of nonlinear units with time-delayed couplings can synchronize to a
common chaotic trajectory. Although the delay time may be very large, the units
can synchronize completely without time shift. For networks of coupled
Bernoulli maps, analytic results are derived for the stability of the chaotic
synchronization manifold. For a single delay time, chaos synchronization is
related to the spectral gap of the coupling matrix. For networks with multiple
delay times, analytic results are obtained from the theory of polynomials.
Finally, the analytic results are compared with networks of iterated tent maps
and Lang-Kobayashi equations which imitate the behaviour of networks of
semiconductor lasers
A non-symmetric Yang-Baxter Algebra for the Quantum Nonlinear Schr\"odinger Model
We study certain non-symmetric wavefunctions associated to the quantum
nonlinear Schr\"odinger model, introduced by Komori and Hikami using Gutkin's
propagation operator, which involves representations of the degenerate affine
Hecke algebra. We highlight how these functions can be generated using a
vertex-type operator formalism similar to the recursion defining the symmetric
(Bethe) wavefunction in the quantum inverse scattering method. Furthermore,
some of the commutation relations encoded in the Yang-Baxter equation for the
relevant monodromy matrix are generalized to the non-symmetric case.Comment: 31 pages; added some references; minor corrections throughou
Zassenhaus conjecture for central extensions of S5
We confirm a conjecture of Zassenhaus about rational conjugacy of torsion units in
integral group rings for a covering group of the symmetric group S5 and for the general linear
group GLð2; 5Þ. The first result, together with others from the literature, settles the conjugacy
question for units of prime-power order in the integral group ring of a finite Frobenius group
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