Le développement des forêts à proximité des communautés forestières par la mise en application d'une approche territoriale basée sur la multifonctionnalité

Depuis plus de 100 ans, des communautés occupent les territoires forestiers du Québec et l’industrie forestière s’est progressivement implantée au sein des milieux forestiers. D’une politique forestière à l’autre, l’exploitation forestière a été allouée presqu’exclusivement à l’industrie de la transformation du bois. Afin d’inclure davantage les communautés forestières dans la gestion forestière, il est possible de préconiser une foresterie de type communautaire. Toutefois, les problèmes socio-économiques des milieux forestiers vont au-delà de la gestion forestière. Ainsi, il est impératif de repenser le développement des milieux forestiers en fonction des principes de développement durable, de développement territorial et de multifonctionnalité du territoire

« Gagne-t-on vraiment à mieux connaître? » : autoethnographie queer de mon expérience d'intervention antihomophobie avec le GRIS-Montréal

Ce mémoire autoethnographique a pour sujet mon expérience personnelle comme intervenant communautaire avec le GRIS-Montréal (GRIS), organisme d’éducation antihomophobie oeuvrant principalement dans les écoles secondaires de la grande région de Montréal. Le GRIS adopte une stratégie éducative issue de ce qu’on pourrait appeler le discours antihomophobie dominant, qui vise l’interruption des préjugés homophobes en milieu secondaire en créant des situations de rencontre avec des personnes lesbiennes, gaies ou bisexuelles (LGB). Ces rencontres sont supposées souligner le caractère commun d’humanité et de rationalité partagé entre les intervenant.e.s et les jeunes, et ainsi favoriser une neutralisation de l’homophobie au travers d’une reconnaissance mutuelle. Ce caractère commun passe souvent par des modalités dites hétéronormatives, comme la référence à la monogamie, au mariage, à la parentalité ou à la domesticité. Pour ce faire, le GRIS envoie ses intervenant.e.s en classe dans le cadre d’interventions basées sur la pratique du témoignage sexuel et intime : nous sommes donc chargé.e.s de répondre aux questions des élèves sur les sexualités et les identités LGB à partir de nos expériences de vie respectives. Je problématise cette méthode d’éducation en la contrastant avec des approches pédagogiques queer et anti-oppressives, selon lesquelles le recul des attitudes phobiques et oppressives passe plutôt par un travail réflexif critique permettant de dévoiler les mécanismes des structures d’oppression et de marginalisation et d’observer nos propres complicités avec elles. Orienté par des perspectives théoriques et épistémologiques issues des études queer en communication, en sociologie et en pédagogie, et appliquant une méthodologie autoethnographique qui demande une réflexivité critique face à mon double positionnement de chercheur queer et d’intervenant, j’ai effectué, à l’automne 2017, une série de dix interventions avec le GRIS au travers de laquelle j’ai interrogé et observé ma capacité, ou mon incapacité, à articuler une approche pédagogique queer avec une pratique d’intervention basée sur la mise en récit de soi.This autoethnographic master’s thesis presents my personal experience as a community worker for GRIS-Montréal, an anti-homophobia education organization working mainly in Montreal’s high schools. The educational strategy privileged by GRIS is symptomatic of what could be called dominant anti-homophobia discourse, which aims to stop homophobia in schools by creating personal encounters with people who identify as lesbian, gay or bisexual (LGB). These encounters are supposed to highlight shared qualities of humanity and rationality between community workers and students, allowing homophobic attitudes to disappear through the realization of a global human sameness. That often happens through the repetition of heteronormative modalities, such as monogamy, marriage, parenting or domesticity. In order to accomplish that, GRIS sends community workers in class with a clear objective: to answer the students’ questions about LGB sexualities and identities using our life experiences, that is, a practice of intimate and sexual testimony. I problematize this educational method by contrasting it with queer and anti-oppressive pedagogical approaches, which posit that the fight against phobic and oppressive attitudes is best led by critical reflexive work allowing to unveil structures of oppression and marginalization, and confront our own complicity with them. Informed by theoretical and epistemological perspectives coming from queer studies in communication, sociology and pedagogy, and applying an autoethnographic methodology that demands constant critical reflexivity concerning my dual standpoint as queer academic and community worker, I set out, in the fall of 2017, to complete a series of ten interventions with GRIS in order to observe, interrogate and analyze my capacity, or incapacity, to articulate a queer pedagogical approach within an anti-homophobia community practice premised on self-narration

Pétrologie et métallogénie d'indices de Ni-Cu de la suite plutonique de "De la Blache", province de Grenville, Québec

Ce mémoire présente les résultats d’une étude pétrographique et métallogénique d’indices de Ni-Cu de la Suite Plutonique de De La Blache (SPDLB). Située dans la partie est de la Province de Grenville et datée à 1327 Ma, la SPDLB s’est mise en place durant l’Elsonien moyen. Elle consiste en un coeur anorthositique à leucotroctolitique, et une bordure (gabbro)noritique (±Ol) à ultramafique. Les indices étudiés peuvent être subdivisés en deux groupes: les indices Outardes-4 sud, Boudrias-Est/Doyon et de la Buse, encaissés dans des roches ultramafiques; et l’indice Thibault encaissé dans des leucotroctolites. Les données géochimiques suggèrent que les indices proviendraient de magmas distincts. Les concentrations en Se, S et les valeurs δ34S montrent une composante crustale importante, liée à une contamination par les gneiss encaissants. Les dépôts de Ni-Cu se seraient formés dans les unités (ultra)mafiques produites par cristallisation fractionnée, selon le modèle classique de mise en place de dépôts de sulfures magmatiques. Le faible potentiel économique des indices étudiés peut s’expliquer par l’absence de certains facteurs clés généralement présents dans les dépôts de Ni-Cu-ÉGP magmatiques de classe mondiale.This master thesis is a petrographic and metallogenic study of Ni-Cu prospects associated with the De La Blache Plutonic Suite (DLBPS), in the eastern part of the Grenville Province. Dated at 1327 Ma, the DLBPS intruded during the middle Elsonian. It consists of an anorthositic to leucotroctolitic core, and a (gabbro)noritic(±Ol) to ultramafic border. The studied prospects can be subdivided in two groups: the Outardes-4 South, Boudrias- Est/Doyon and Buse prospects, hosted in ultramafic rocks; and the Thibault prospect, hosted in leucotroctolites. Geochemical data suggests that the different prospects originated from distinct magmas. Se and S concentrations, as well as δ34S values show an important crustal component, related to contamination by the country-rock gneisses. The Ni-Cu deposits formed in the (ultra)mafic units produced by fractional crystallization, as in the classical sulfide magmatic deposits genesis model. The weak economic importance of the studied prospects can be explained by the absence of key factors generally present in worldclass Ni-Cu-PGE magmatic deposits

“I didn’t realise I was such a sausage”: Men’s Accounts of Whole-body Scanning, Body Image, and Expected Changes in Health-related Behaviours

Objective: Whole-body scanning is now available in stores to assist buyers in choosing well-fitting clothes. This study was designed to investigate men’s accounts of scanning, body image, and expectations of behaviour change. Design: Ten men aged 18-39 years without histories of eating disorders or previous experience of whole-body scanning, took part in semi-structured interviews before and after scanning. Data were analysed using inductive thematic analysis. Results: Pre-scan, men’s body ideals were tall, slender, and relatively muscular. Post-scan, seven reported looking shorter, fatter, thinner, and/or less symmetrical than they hoped; three were pleasantly surprised by the images. Men were interested in scans as an objective view of their bodies and as a “wake-up call” to motivate healthy behaviours. Five men intended to change their behaviour as a result of scanning, and repeat scanning was seen as a good way to monitor behavioural changes. Participants suggested that scanning may raise body concerns in other men, though downplayed impacts on their own body image. Conclusion: Whole-body scanning may encourage men to exercise and eat more healthily. However, men became more negative about their bodies as a result of seeing their body scans, so scanning needs to be carried out with supervision and support

Calculating the carbon footprint:implications for governing emissions and gender relations

In this article, we use fresh empirical evidence, and draw on feminist and critical accounting and organisational theories to contend that carbon calculators can be interpreted as discriminatory control technologies. They do this by providing a new and flexible vocabulary for governing expenses, costs and investments at a distance, avoiding a sense of direct intervention by the government. Thus, given our stance that the carbon calculator cannot be considered a neutral tool, we argue that it has the potential to control personal responsibilities regarding both environmental and family‐based issues

Has Instagram Fundamentally Altered the 'Family Snapshot'?

This paper considers how parents use the social media platform Instagram to facilitate the capture, curation and sharing of ‘family snapshots’. Our work draws upon established cross-disciplinary literature relating to film photography and the composition of family albums in order to establish whether social media has changed the way parents visually present their families. We conducted a qualitative visual analysis of a sample of 4,000 photographs collected from Instagram using hashtags relating to children and parenting. We show that the style and composition of snapshots featuring children remains fundamentally unchanged and continues to be dominated by rather bland and idealised images of the happy family and the cute child. In addition, we find that the frequent taking and sharing of photographs via Instagram has inevitably resulted in a more mundane visual catalogue of daily life. We note a tension in the desire to use social media as a means to evidence good parenting, while trying to effectively manage the social identity of the child and finally, we note the reluctance of parents to use their own snapshots to portray family tension or disharmony, but their willingness to use externally generated content for this purpose

Working with bacteria and putting bacteria to work: The biopolitics of synthetic biology for energy in the United Kingdom

The UK government has made significant investment into so called ‘fourth-generation’ biofuel technologies. These biofuels are based on engineering the metabolic pathways of bacteria in order to create products compatible with existing infrastructure. Bacteria play an important role in what is promoted as a potentially new biological industrial revolution, which could address some of the negative environmental legacies of the last. This article presents results from ethnographic research with synthetic biologists who are challenged with balancing the curiosity-driven and intrinsically fulfilling scientific task of working with bacteria, alongside the policy-driven task of putting bacteria to work for extrinsic economic gains. In addition, the scientists also have to balance these demands with a new research governance framework, Responsible Research and Innovation, which envisions technoscientific innovation will be responsive to societal concerns and work in collaboration with stakeholders and members of the public. Major themes emerging from the ethnographic research revolve around stewardship, care, responsibility and agency. An overall conflict surfaces between individual agents assuming responsibility for ‘stewarding’ bacteria, against funding systems and structures imposing responsibility for economic growth. We discuss these findings against the theoretical backdrop of a new concept of ‘energopolitics’ and an anthropology of ethics and responsibility

‘I think a little bit of a kick is sometimes what you need’: Women’s Accounts of Whole-body Scanning and Likely Impact on Health-related Behaviours

Objective: This study was designed to investigate whether whole-body scanning might promote healthy eating and physical activity in women, and to explore the effects of scanning on body image. Design: Fourteen women aged 22-45 years without histories of eating disorders or whole-body scanning, took part in semi-structured interviews before and after scanning. Data were analysed using inductive thematic analysis. Results: Scans did not look as expected, and participants expressed ‘surprise’ and ‘shock’. Participants focused on perceived negative aspects of their bodies as revealed in scan images, and agreed that women with body concerns would find scans too ‘real’ and ‘raw’. Eleven women who met UK government physical activity and healthy eating guidelines reported that the scan provided additional motivation to maintain, and in nine cases to increase, those behaviours. Two women who neither exercised nor ate healthily would not increase physical activity or change their diets following scanning. Conclusion: Whole-body scanning may enable maintenance or even acceleration of physical activity and healthy eating, but is unlikely to be useful in promoting initiation of these behaviours. Participants engaged in unhelpful body critique when viewing scans; scanning needs to be confined to contexts where support is provided, to avoid increasing body-related concerns

Opening up animal research and science-society relations?: a thematic analysis of transparency discourses in the United Kingdom

The use of animals in scientific research represents an interesting case to consider in the context of the contemporary preoccupation with transparency and openness in science and governance. In the United Kingdom, organisations critical of animal research have long called for more openness. More recently, organisations involved in animal research also seem to be embracing transparency discourses. This article provides a detailed analysis of publically available documents from animal protection groups, the animal research community and government/research funders. Our aim is to explore the similarities and differences in the way transparency is constructed and to identify what more openness is expected to achieve. In contrast to the existing literature, we conclude that the slipperiness of transparency discourses may ultimately have transformative implications for the relationship between science and society and that contemporary openness initiatives might be sowing the seeds for change to the status quo

Healthcare practitioners' views and experiences of barriers and facilitators to weight management interventions for adults with intellectual disabilities

Background Obesity is common in adults with intellectual disabilities, yet little is known about how weight management interventions are provided for this population. Methods Semi‐structured interviews were held with 14 healthcare practitioners involved in weight management interventions in an English county. A study topic guide was developed to elicit practitioners' views and experiences of barriers and facilitators to weight management for adults with intellectual disabilities. Responses were analysed using thematic analysis. Results Several barriers are involved in weight management for people with intellectual disabilities including communication challenges, general practitioners' lack of knowledge and awareness of weight management services, inconsistencies in caring support, resource constraints, wider external circumstances surrounding the individuals and motivational issues. Facilitators include reasonable adjustments to existing weight management services. However, there is a need for specialist weight management provision for people with intellectual disabilities. Conclusions This study provides suggestions for future research, policy and practice consideration