Large deviations for weighted random sums

In the present paper we consider weighted random sums ZN = ∑j=1NajXj, where 0 ≤ aj < ∞, N denotes a non-negative integer-valued random variable, and {X, Xj , j = 1, 2,...} is a family of independent identically distributed random variables with mean EX = µ and variance DX = σ2 > 0. Throughout this paper N is independent of {X, Xj , j = 1, 2,...} and, for definiteness, it is assumed Z0 = 0. The main idea of the paper is to present results on theorems of large deviations both in the Cramér and power Linnik zones for a sum ~ZN = (ZN − EZN )(DZN )−1/2 , exponential inequalities for a tail probability P(~ZN > x) in two cases: µ = 0 and µ ≠ 0 pointing out the difference between them. Only normal approximation is considered. It should be noted that large deviations when µ ≠ 0 have been already considered in our papers [1,2]

Netiesinis matematinis informacinių sistemų kainos ir naudos analizės modelis

Straipsnyje nagrinėjama informacinių sistemų matematinis ekonominis modelis, aprašantis sąnaudų, naudos ir pelno priklausomybes nuo apibendrinto sistemos kokybės parametro. Aptariami kokybės parametro nustatymo būdai. Konkrečios sistemos modeliui gauti pakanka išmatuotų ar apskaičiuotų sistemos charakteristikų esant dviem skirtingoms kokybės reikšmėms. Pateikiamas detalus modelio sudarymo algoritmas ir modelio taikymo pavyzdys didžiausiam pelnui skaičiuoti bei sistemos optimalios kokybės paieškai. Atlikta modelio tikslumo analizė, apibrėžtos modelio taikymo galimybės. Modelis gali būti naudojamas racionalioms investicijoms nustatyti modernizuojant ar plečiant organizacijų informacines sistemas.Nonlinear Mathematical Model of Information Systemfor Cost-Benefi t AnalysisAlgis Saulis SummaryThe paper deals with mathematical economic model describing dependencies between system cost, benefi t, profi t and generalised quality parameter of information system. Methods of quality parameter defi nition are briefl y discussed. To specify model of an actual information system, it’s enough to know system characteristics that correspond to two different quality values. Detail algorithm of the model specification and its application to fi nd the highest profi t and corresponding quality parameter is presented. Analysis of model accuracy is performed, and possibilities of model employment are defi ned. The model can be used to estimate rational investments during development of business information systems.ht: 18px;">&nbsp

Abordaje integral de enfermería en una paciente con enfermedad crónica y malformaciones: a propósito de un caso

El Proceso Enfermero (PE) como instrumento metodológico de los cuidados enfermeros permite un abordaje integral de las personas en cualquier nivel de atención y en cualquier contexto. El objetivo del siguiente trabajo fue describir los cuidados de enfermería destinados a la atención de una paciente con necesidades especiales: enfermedad crónica y malformaciones. La implementación del PE permitió articular el abordaje interdisciplinario entre diferentes prestadores de Salud. Se valoró el déficit de autocuidado a través de la perspectiva de Dorothea Orem, postura que permitió visualizar necesidades, intereses y problemas de la paciente y su familia, e implementar un plan de cuidados para cubrir sus necesidades básicas mejorando la calidad de vida, el afrontamiento del duelo

Oxidative Effects of Nanosecond Pulsed Electric Field Exposure in Cells and Cell-Free Media

Nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF) is a novel modality for permeabilization of membranous structures and intracellular delivery of xenobiotics. We hypothesized that oxidative effects of nsPEF could be a separate primary mechanism responsible for bioeffects. ROS production in cultured cells and media exposed to 300-ns PEF (1–13 kV/cm) was assessed by oxidation of 2′, 7′-dichlorodihydrofluoresein (H2DCF), dihidroethidium (DHE), or Amplex Red. When a suspension of H2DCF-loaded cells was subjected to nsPEF, the yield of fluorescent 2′,7′dichlorofluorescein (DCF) increased proportionally to the pulse number and cell density. DCF emission increased with time after exposure in nsPEF-sensitive Jurkat cells, but remained stable in nsPEF-resistant U937 cells. In cell-free media, nsPEF facilitated the conversion of H2DCF into DCF. This effect was not related to heating and was reduced by catalase, but not by mannitol or superoxide dismutase. Formation of H2O2 in nsPEF-treated media was confirmed by increased oxidation of Amplex Red. ROS increase within individual cells exposed to nsPEF was visualized by oxidation of DHE. We conclude that nsPEF can generate both extracellular (electrochemical) and intracellular ROS, including H2O2 and possibly other species. Therefore, bioeffects of nsPEF are not limited to electropermeabilization; concurrent ROS formation may lead to cell stimulation and/or oxidative cell damage

Uniform limit theorems for the integrated periodogram of weakly dependent time series and their applications to Whittle's estimate

We prove uniform convergence results for the integrated periodogram of a weakly dependent time series, namely a law of large numbers and a central limit theorem. These results are applied to Whittle's parametric estimation. Under general weak-dependence assumptions we derive uniform limit theorems and asymptotic normality of Whittle's estimate for a large class of models. For instance the causal $\theta$-weak dependence property allows a new and unified proof of those results for ARCH($\infty$) and bilinear processes. Non causal $\eta$-weak dependence yields the same limit theorems for two-sided linear (with dependent inputs) or Volterra processes

Energy-efficient biomass processing with pulsed electric fields for bioeconomy and sustainable development

Fossil resources-free sustainable development can be achieved through a transition to bioeconomy, an economy based on sustainable biomass-derived food, feed, chemicals, materials, and fuels. However, the transition to bioeconomy requires development of new energy-efficient technologies and processes to manipulate biomass feed stocks and their conversion into useful products, a collective term for which is biorefinery. One of the technological platforms that will enable various pathways of biomass conversion is based on pulsed electric fields applications (PEF). Energy efficiency of PEF treatment is achieved by specific increase of cell membrane permeability, a phenomenon known as membrane electroporation. Here, we review the opportunities that PEF and electroporation provide for the development of sustainable biorefineries. We describe the use of PEF treatment in biomass engineering, drying, deconstruction, extraction of phytochemicals, improvement of fermentations, and biogas production. These applications show the potential of PEF and consequent membrane electroporation to enable the bioeconomy and sustainable development

Modulation spaces, Wiener amalgam spaces, and Brownian motions

We study the local-in-time regularity of the Brownian motion with respect to localized variants of modulation spaces M^{p, q}_s and Wiener amalgam spaces W^{p, q}_s. We show that the periodic Brownian motion belongs locally in time to M^{p, q}_s (T) and W^{p, q}_s (T) for (s-1)q < -1, and the condition on the indices is optimal. Moreover, with the Wiener measure \mu on T, we show that (M^{p, q}_s (T), \mu) and (W^{p, q}_s (T), \mu) form abstract Wiener spaces for the same range of indices, yielding large deviation estimates. We also establish the endpoint regularity of the periodic Brownian motion with respect to a Besov-type space \ft{b}^s_{p, \infty} (T). Specifically, we prove that the Brownian motion belongs to \ft{b}^s_{p, \infty} (T) for (s-1) p = -1, and it obeys a large deviation estimate. Finally, we revisit the regularity of Brownian motion on usual local Besov spaces B_{p, q}^s, and indicate the endpoint large deviation estimates.Comment: 35 pages. The introduction is expanded. Appendices are added (A: derivation of Fourier-Wiener series, B: passing estimates from T to bounded intervals on R.) To appear in Adv. Mat

Moderate deviations via cumulants

The purpose of the present paper is to establish moderate deviation principles for a rather general class of random variables fulfilling certain bounds of the cumulants. We apply a celebrated lemma of the theory of large deviations probabilities due to Rudzkis, Saulis and Statulevicius. The examples of random objects we treat include dependency graphs, subgraph-counting statistics in Erd\H{o}s-R\'enyi random graphs and $U$-statistics. Moreover, we prove moderate deviation principles for certain statistics appearing in random matrix theory, namely characteristic polynomials of random unitary matrices as well as the number of particles in a growing box of random determinantal point processes like the number of eigenvalues in the GUE or the number of points in Airy, Bessel, and $\sin$ random point fields.Comment: 24 page

Preoperative estimation of cosmetic outcomes after immediate breast reconstruction with extended latissimus dorsi flap: A simple prediction model

Background: The extended latissimus dorsi (ELD) flap can provide adequate volume for breast reconstruction without an implant. The aim of this study was to identify a simple method to estimate preoperatively if the ELD flap would provide enough volume for breast reconstruction and good cosmetic outcome. The proposed model was based on correlating the preoperative body mass index (BMI) and breast cup size. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 64 patients who underwent immediate breast reconstruction with ELD at the National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, between January 2014 and January 2016. Preoperative breast cup size and patients' BMI were recorded. The primary end point was cosmetic outcome score assessed by three independent breast surgeons and the patients. Correlation analysis was performed between the preoperative factors and final cosmetic outcome. Results: Sixty-four patients underwent immediate reconstruction following skin-sparing mastectomy. BMI range was 23–38 kg/m2 with a median of 28. All patients with cup size A had aesthetically pleasing results. As the breast cup size increased, the favorable cosmetic outcomes were noted with lower BMI. All patients with BMI higher than 33 had unfavorable results. Conclusion: Favorable cosmetic outcomes are expected after ELD reconstruction in patients with cup size A regardless of the BMI. As the breast cup size increases, favorable cosmetic outcomes are expected in patients with lower BMI than in those with higher BMI. At a BMI of 34, no favorable cosmetic outcomes are expected. The prediction model will be validated in a prospective study