Reassessing the neoclassical substitution model: the increasing flows evidence

In this article we assess the validity of the elasticity of substitution indicator to evaluate natural resource substitution. After clarifying the importance of the static equilibrium hypothesis for the development of such an indicator, we demonstrate that its application to growth conditions imposes the observation of decreasing inflows of natural resource as a necessary consequence. We derive this result without making any assumptions not recognized by advocates of the neoclassical approach. In addition to refuting the neoclassical substitution model, this result helps clarify the relationship observed since the Industrial Revolution between the physical and economic substitution of natural resources.  

Testando modelos alternativos em economia da sustentabilidade: Baumol versus Georgescu-Roegen

Dado o caráter ubíquo das leis da termodinâmica, seria razoável esperar que a divergência entre sustentabilidade forte e sustentabilidade fraca pudesse ser submetida a testes críticos. Ou seja, deveria ser possível usar a teoria de produção neoclássica e as leis da termodinâmica para gerar previsões capazes de questionar a adequação empírica do programa de pesquisa neoclássico no que se refere à sustentabilidade. Entretanto, o estado atual do debate normalmente sugere o oposto, isto é, a evidência atualmente disponível não é suficiente para construir refutações. Contrariamente a esse prognóstico, argumentamos que a evidência atualmente disponível permite construir testes críticos potencialmente capazes de refutar os modelos em disputa. Entretanto, tal construção requer que não se restrinja a análise da sustentabilidade ao tipo de evidência tradicionalmente usada por tais modelos. Defendemos que teorias alternativas devem ser explicitamente empregadas para dar significado a novos tipos de evidência. Sem a explícita mobilização de teorias alternativas para avaliar novos tipos de evidência, críticos da teoria ortodoxa ficam presos em uma armadilha epistemológica, em que o programa de pesquisa questionado determina o que é ou não cientificamente significativo. Para exemplificar as perspectivas da proposta metodológica aqui apresentada, aplicamos essa abordagem a um modelo neoclássico particular, o modelo de Baumol, no qual se defende explicitamente a possibilidade de continuar indefinidamente a trajetória de crescimento econômico desencadeada pela Revolução Industrial. Os resultados refutam o modelo neoclássico testado, demonstram a necessidade de distinguir a substituição intensiva da extensiva de recursos naturais e corroboram o modelo fundos-fluxos de Geogescu-Roegen.Given the ubiquitous nature of the laws of thermodynamics, it would be reasonable to expect that the divergence between strong and weak sustainability could be subjected to critical tests. That is, it should be possible to use the neoclassical production theory and the laws of thermodynamics to generate predictions able to question the empirical adequacy of the neoclassical research program in terms of sustainability. However, the current state of the debate normally suggests the opposite, that is, the currently available evidence is not sufficient to build refutations. Contrary to this prognosis, we argue that it is possible to build critical tests to evaluate the models in dispute using evidence already available. However, such a construction requires that the analysis of the sustainability be not restricted to the type of evidence traditionally used by such models. We argue that alternative theories must be explicitly used to give meaning to new types of evidence. Without the explicit mobilization of alternative theories to evaluate new types of evidence, critics of the orthodox theory dwell on an epistemological trap, in which the questioned research program determines what is or what is not scientifically meaningful. To illustrate the prospects of the methodological proposal presented here, we apply this approach to a particular neoclassical model – the Baumol’s model –, which explicitly supports the ability to indefinitely continue the trajectory of economic growth triggered by the Industrial Revolution. The results refute the tested neoclassical model, demonstrate the need to distinguish between intensive and extensive substitution of natural resources, and corroborate the Geogescu-Roegen fund-flow model

Análise de aspectos da legislação ambiental relacionados a ocupação urbana em áreas de preservação permanente através do uso de ortofotos : o caso do Rio Bacacheri em Curitiba - PR /

Orientador : Everton PassosDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciencias da Terra, Programa de Pós-Graduaçao em Geografia. Defesa: Curitiba, 2007Inclui bibliografi

Motivação no futebol : comparação entre atletas das categorias juvenil e junior

Orientador: Julimar Luiz PereiraMonografia (bacharelado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná. Setor de Ciências Biológicas. Curso de Graduação em Educação Físic

RELAÇÕES DO ESTILO COGNITIVO COM A INTENÇÃO EMPREENDEDORA DOS ESTUDANTES DE ADMINISTRAÇÃO

A realidade econômica da atualidade tem incentivado o trabalho autônomo e em face da capacidade que manifestam os empreendedores torna-se importante estudar aspectos que os caracterizem. Assim, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar a intenção empreendedora, a partir da visão da teoria do comportamento planejado (TCP) de Ajzen (1991), dos alunos concluintes do curso de administração de uma universidade comunitária de Santa Catarina e sua relação com seus estilos cognitivos, segundo o modelo de Allinson e Hayes (2012). Para atingir esse objetivo empregaram-se os seguintes métodos estatísticos: análise fatorial exploratória (AFE), análise fatorial confirmatória (AFC) e análise de variância (ANOVA). Os resultados obtidos indicam que os estudantes com estilo analítico foram os que demostraram possuir maior intenção empreendedora. E isso mesmo foi refletido quando se usou o gênero como preditor sendo os do sexo masculino que exibem maior intenção que as alunas. Paralelamente, o estilo que teve menor relação com a intenção, o quase intuitivo, que predominou entre as mulheres. Estudos desta natureza podem contribuir para definir novas ações na educação superior buscando estimular a formação de empreendedores como futuros agentes de inovação. Também, podem abrir novas perspectivas ao empreendedorismo

Saharan dust contribution to the Caribbean summertime boundary layer - a lidar study during SALTRACE

Dual-wavelength lidar measurements with the small lidar system POLIS of the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen were performed during the SALTRACE experiment at Barbados in June and July 2013. Based on high-accuracy measurements of the linear depolarization ratio down to about 200m above ground level, the dust volume fraction and the dust mass concentration within the convective marine boundary layer can be derived. Additional information from radiosonde launches at the ground-based measurement site provide independent information on the convective marine boundary layer height and the meteorological situation within the convective marine boundary layer. We investigate the lidar-derived optical properties, the lidar ratio and the particle linear depolarization ratio at 355 and 532 nm and find mean values of 0.04 (SD 0.03) and 0.05 (SD 0.04) at 355 and 532 nm, respectively, for the particle linear depolarization ratio, and (26 +/- 5) sr for the lidar ratio at 355 and 532 nm. For the concentration of dust in the convective marine boundary layer we find that most values were between 20 and 50 mu g m(-3). On most days the dust contribution to total aerosol volume was about 30-40 %. Comparing the dust contribution to the column-integrated sun-photometer measurements we see a correlation between high dust contribution, high total aerosol optical depth and a low Angstrom exponent, and of low dust contribution with low total aerosol optical depth

The Pneumococcal Serine-Rich Repeat Protein Is an Intra-Species Bacterial Adhesin That Promotes Bacterial Aggregation In Vivo and in Biofilms

The Pneumococcal serine-rich repeat protein (PsrP) is a pathogenicity island encoded adhesin that has been positively correlated with the ability of Streptococcus pneumoniae to cause invasive disease. Previous studies have shown that PsrP mediates bacterial attachment to Keratin 10 (K10) on the surface of lung cells through amino acids 273-341 located in the Basic Region (BR) domain. In this study we determined that the BR domain of PsrP also mediates an intra-species interaction that promotes the formation of large bacterial aggregates in the nasopharynx and lungs of infected mice as well as in continuous flow-through models of mature biofilms. Using numerous methods, including complementation of mutants with BR domain deficient constructs, fluorescent microscopy with Cy3-labeled recombinant (r) BR, Far Western blotting of bacterial lysates, co-immunoprecipitation with rBR, and growth of biofilms in the presence of antibodies and competitive peptides, we determined that the BR domain, in particular amino acids 122-166 of PsrP, promoted bacterial aggregation and that antibodies against the BR domain were neutralizing. Using similar methodologies, we also determined that SraP and GspB, the Serine-rich repeat proteins (SRRPs) of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus gordonii, respectively, also promoted bacterial aggregation and that their Non-repeat domains bound to their respective SRRPs. This is the first report to show the presence of biofilm-like structures in the lungs of animals infected with S. pneumoniae and show that SRRPs have dual roles as host and bacterial adhesins. These studies suggest that recombinant Non-repeat domains of SRRPs (i.e. BR for S. pneumoniae) may be useful as vaccine antigens to protect against Gram-positive bacteria that cause infection

Casos emblemáticos e experiência de mediação: análise para uma cultura institucional de soluções alternativas de conflitos fundiários rurais

Divulgação dos SUMÁRIOS das obras recentemente incorporadas ao acervo da Biblioteca Ministro Oscar Saraiva do STJ. Em respeito à lei de Direitos Autorais, não disponibilizamos a obra na íntegr

Desenvolvimento sustentável, transição energética mundial pós-combustíveis fósseis e o pensamento político da esquerda latino-americana/ Sustainable development, world energy transition after fossil fuels and the political thinking of the Latin American left

Discute-se o desafio da sustentabilidade e da transição energética no contexto da América Latina, particularmente as possibilidades para articulação das demandas associadas às propostas do “sumak kawsay/suma qamaña” das comunidades e movimentos indígenas para o “Bom-Viver/Viver-Bem” no contexto de governos com orientação socialista

Psychometric properties and validation of the Spanish versions of the overall anxiety and depression severity and impairment scales

Background Anxiety and depressive disorders are the most frequent disorders for which patients seek care in public health settings in Spain. This study aimed at validating the Overall Anxiety Severity and Impairment Scale (OASIS) and the Overall Depression Severity and Impairment Scale (ODSIS), which are brief screening scales for anxiety and depression consisting of only five items each. Methods The study was conducted in a Spanish clinical sample receiving outpatient mental health treatment (N = 339). A subsample of participants (n = 219) was assessed before and after receiving a course of cognitive-behavioral treatment. Results The results revealed excellent internal consistency estimates (Cronbach's alpha for the OASIS and the ODSIS was 0.87 and 0.94, respectively), along with promising convergent and discriminant validity and test-criterion relationships (i.e., moderate correlation with other measures of depression and anxiety, as well as with neuroticism, quality of life, adjustment, and negative affect). A one-dimensional structure was obtained for the OASIS and the ODSIS. The ROC analyses indicated an area under the curve of 0.83 for the OASIS and the ODSIS when predicting moderate-to-severe anxiety and depression, respectively. Good sensitivity to therapeutic change was also evidence and the analysis of the sensitivity as a function of 1-specificity area suggested a cutoff value of 10 for both scales. Limitations Inter-rater reliability of diagnoses with the ADIS-IV interview could not be investigated and the results obtained may not be generalizable to other samples and health settings. Conclusions The availability of these two short and psychometrically sound measures should make screening of anxiety and depressive symptoms in routine care more feasible