Integração de dados geofísicos e de sensoriamento remoto para caracterização das bacias de Carnaubinha e Catolé-São Julião, Piauí, Brasil

Orientador: Prof. Dr. Maximilian FriesCoorientadora: Profa. Dra. Karen Maria Leopoldino OliveiraDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências da Terra, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geologia. Defesa : Curitiba, 14/12/2022Inclui referências: p. 113-122Resumo: A Plataforma Sul-Americana possui diversas bacias formadas no estágio de Transição Proterozoico-Fanerozoico, as quais apresentam uma relação temporal com o final da orogênese brasiliana. De idade cambro-ordoviciana, na Província Borborema (PB), essas bacias caracterizam-se por apresentar um forte controle estrutural, situando-se próximas às zonas de cisalhamento, uma intensa alteração hidrotermal, bem como a presença de sulfetos disseminados, levando diferentes autores a classificarem tais mineralizações como semelhantes aos depósitos de classe mundial Iron-Oxide-Copper-Gold (IOCG). Todavia, apesar das perspectivas preliminarmente estabelecidas, esses ambientes não possuem informações sobre o seu arcabouço geológico-estrutural. Dessa forma, a presente pesquisa teve como objetivo principal contribuir para o conhecimento da geologia de subsuperfície das bacias Catolé-São Julião (BCSJ) e Carnaubinha (BC), Piauí, nordeste do Brasil, tendo como base dados geofísicos (aeromagnetometria e gravimetria terrestre). Foram interpretados lineamentos geofísicos com direções principais de NE-SW e NW-SE para a BCSJ e BC, respectivamente, os quais foram corroborados por lineamentos morfoestruturais extraídos de Modelos Digitais de Elevação (MDE) oriundos de imagens Alos-Palsar. A aplicação de técnicas de realce permitiu dividir as áreas em Domínios Magnéticos (DMs), sendo quatro para BCSJ e seis para BC, que apresentaram boa correlação com os dados geológicos. As estimativas de profundidades das fontes magnéticas e gravimétricas foram realizadas a partir da Deconvolução de Euler 2D, alcançando máximos na ordem de 2,5 km para BCSJ e 1,5 km para BC. Também foi utilizado o Espectro de Potência Radial e a Deconvolução de Euler 3D, estes apenas para os dados magnéticos em ambas as áreas, enquanto o Tilt Angle foi utilizado apenas para a BC, tais métodos refletem a predominância de fontes rasas (no geral, inferior a 500 m). Foram realizadas modelagens gravimétricas para ambos os riftes, as quais mostraram que os pacotes sedimentares apresentam espessuras máximas na ordem de 500 m para ambas as bacias. Diante do exposto, a presente pesquisa gerou resultados inéditos, visto que até então não haviam sido realizados estudos geofísicos com foco em tais bacias.Abstract: The South American Platform has several basins formed in the Proterozoic- Phanerozoic Transition stage, which have a temporal relationship with the end of the Brasiliano Orogeny. In the Borborema Province (BP), northeastern Brazil, these basins show strong structural controls due to proximity to shear zones, with intense hydrothermal alteration, as well as the presence of disseminated sulfides. These aspects motivated several authors to classify such mineralizations as similar to Iron-Oxide-Copper-Gold (IOCG) deposits. However, despite the apparent importance, these environments do not have information about their geological-structural framework. Thus, the main objective of this research was to contribute to the knowledge of the subsurface geology of the Catolé-São Julião (CSJB) and Carnaubinha (CB) basins in Piauí, northeastern Brazil, based on geophysical data (aeromagnetic and ground gravity). Geophysical lineaments were interpreted with main direction of NE-SW and NW-SE for CSJB and CB, respectively, which were corroborated by morphostructural features extracted from Digital Elevation Model (DEM) products derived from Alos-Palsar images. The application of the enhancement techniques made it possible to divide the areas into Magnetic Domains (MDs), four for CSJB and six for CB, which showed a good correlation with the geological data. The depth estimation of the magnetic and gravity sources was performed from the 2D Euler Deconvolution, reaching maximums in the order of 2,5 km for CSJB and 1,5 km for CB. The Radially Averaged Power Spectrum and 3D Euler Deconvolution were applied in both areas only for magnetic data, and Tilt Angle was used only for CB, reflecting the predominance of shallow sources (in general, less than 500 m). Gravity modeling was carried out for both rifts, which showed that the sedimentary packages have maximum thicknesses in the order of 550 m for CSJB and 520 m for CB. Based on the above, this research has produced unprecedented results, as there are no geophysical studies focused on the basins

Design and synthesis of new inhibitors of p53–MDM2 interaction with a chalcone scaffold

The virtual screening of a library of chalcone derivatives led us to the identification of potential new MDM2 ligands. The chalcones with the best docking scores obeying the Lipinski rule of five were subsequently prepared by base-catalyzed aldol reactions. The activity of these compounds as inhibitors of p53–MDM2 interaction was investigated using a yeast-based screening assay. Using this approach two chalcones (3 and 4) were identified as putative small molecule inhibitors of p53–MDM2 interaction. The activity of both chalcones was further investigated in a panel of human tumor cells. Chalcones 3 and 4 revealed a pronounced tumor cell growth inhibitory effect on tumor cell lines. Additionally, chalcone 4 caused alterations in the cell cycle profile, induced apoptosis and increased the levels of p53, p21 and PUMA proteins in NCI-H460 cells. Computational docking studies allowed to predict that, like nutlin-3A (a well-known small-molecule inhibitor of p53–MDM2 interaction), chalcones 3 and 4 bind to the p53-binding site of MDM2. The results here presented will be valuable for the structure-based design of novel and potent p53–MDM2 inhibitors.This research was partially supported by the Strategic Funding UID/Multi/04423/2013 , ERDF , COMPETE , and FCT under the projects PTDC/MAR-BIO/4694/2014, and INNOVMAR – Innovation and Sustainability in the Management and Exploitation of Marine Resources, reference NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000035 , Research Line NOVELMAR . This work also received financial support from the European Union (FEDER funds POCI/01/0145/FEDER/007265) and National Funds (FCT/MEC, Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia and Ministério da Educação e Ciência) under the Partnership Agreement PT2020 UID/QUI/50006/2013 and the FCT project PTDC/DTP-FTO/1981/2014, “PEst-C/SAU/LA0003/2013”, “NORTE-07-0162-FEDER-00018 – Contributos para o reforço da capacidade do IPATIMUP enquanto actor do sistema regional de inovação” and NORTE-07-0162-FEDER-000067 – Reforço e consolidação da capacidade infraestrutural do IPATIMUP para o sistema regional de inovação”, both supported by ON.2 – O Novo Norte, through FEDER funds under the QREN. IPATIMUP integrates the i3S Research Unit, which is partially supported by FCT. The authors also thank FCT for the grants of R.T. Lima ( SFRH/BPD/68787/2010 ), J. Soares ( SFRH/BD/78971/2011 ), and S. Gomes ( SFRH/BD/96189/2013 ; Doctoral Programme BiotechHealth), L. Raimundo ( PD/BI/113926/2015 , Doctoral Programme BiotechHealth)

The teaching of health promotion and interprofessional education as a learning tool in undergratuated courses: a documentary analysis

Given the integrality of the health-disease-care process, and the importance of health promotion in this context, the training of future health professionals must include the development of abilities that allow a full therapeutic plan centered on the patient. In order to achieve this goal, there are some initiatives being employed in several countries that aim to offer a better formation for their health care professionals, capacitating them in offering a more integral care, based on collaborative practices. Objective: To verify the teaching of skills and abilities listed in CompHP in some of the health care courses in USP, and to compare the use of Interprofessional Education as a polishing tool in these students’ training with the HPAC Guide. Method: Preliminary exploratory qualitative study based on the documental analysis of the pedagogical-political-project (PPP) and the description of disciplines in eight courses in USP-SP, comparing them with guidelines from CompHP and HPAC.Frente à integralidade do processo saúde-doença-cuidado e a importância da promoção da saúde nesse contexto, a formação dos futuros profissionais da saúde deve ter o desenvolvimento de habilidades que permitam um cuidado integral centrado no paciente. Para isto, existem algumas iniciativas utilizadas por diversos países para fornecer uma melhor formação para seus profissionais no intuito de capacitá-los para oferecer um cuidado mais integral pautado na prática colaborativa. Objetivo: analisar a presença das competências e domínios presentes no CompHP em alguns cursos da saúde da USP e comparar a utilização da Educação Interprofissional como ferramenta de aprimoramento da formação dos estudantes desse curso com o Guia da HPAC. Método: Estudo qualitativo exploratório preliminar estruturado a partir da análise documental do projeto político pedagógico (PPP) e ementa de disciplinas de oito cursos da USP-SP e comparação com Guidelines do CompHP e do HPAC

Analysis about health promotion teaching: challenges in interprofessional education for the health professions

Introduction, justifying the rational of the research. Teaching health promotion (HP) to health professionals is essential for the comprehensive care of the health-disease process in individuals and collectivities. It is argued that the Universities beyond further support with the educational aid, could promote the health of their students.Objective. To explore the teaching of different health courses at a brazilian university and to reflect on teaching as a possibility for undergraduate students promote their own health.Methodology. Preliminary exploratory qualitative study structured from the documental analysis of the pedagogical political project (PPP) and the courses of eight disciplines of a brazilian university.Results. Health promotion appears heterogeneously in the eight pedagogical political projects. The courses approaches the subject from the perspective of the national health system and/or primary care takes place between the second and the fourth semester of disciplines for the possibility of interprofissional education.Discussion and conclusion of the results. Health promotion teaching opens possibilities for articulation between the courses, according to international recommendations on HP, and invites to extrapolating from teaching to personal care

Analysis of the sputum and inflammatory alterations of the airways in patients with common variable immunodeficiency and bronchiectasis

INTRODUCTION: Common variable immunodeficiency is characterized by defective antibody production and recurrent pulmonary infections. Intravenous immunoglobulin is the treatment of choice, but the effects of Intravenous immunoglobulin on pulmonary defense mechanisms are poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to verify the impact of intravenous immunoglobulin on the physical properties of the sputum and on inflammatory alterations in the airways of patients with Common variable immunodeficiency associated with bronchiectasis. METHOD: The present study analyzed sputum physical properties, exhaled NO, inflammatory cells in the sputum, and IG titers in 7 patients with Common variable immunodeficiency and bronchiectasis with secretion, immediately before and 15 days after Intravenous immunoglobulin. A group of 6 patients with Common variable immunodeficiency and bronchiectasis but no sputum was also studied for comparison of the basal IgG level and blood count. The 13 patients were young (age=36±17 years) and comprised predominantly of females (n=11). RESULTS: Patients with secretion presented significantly decreased IgG and IgM levels. Intravenous immunoglobulin was associated with a significant decrease in exhaled NO (54.7 vs. 40.1 ppb,

Analysis of the Sputum and Inflammatory Alterations of the Airways in Patients with Common Variable Immunodeficiency and Bronchiectasis

INTRODUCTION: Common variable immunodeficiency is characterized by defective antibody production and recurrent pulmonary infections. Intravenous immunoglobulin is the treatment of choice, but the effects of Intravenous immunoglobulin on pulmonary defense mechanisms are poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to verify the impact of intravenous immunoglobulin on the physical properties of the sputum and on inflammatory alterations in the airways of patients with Common variable immunodeficiency associated with bronchiectasis. METHOD: The present study analyzed sputum physical properties, exhaled NO, inflammatory cells in the sputum, and IG titers in 7 patients with Common variable immunodeficiency and bronchiectasis with secretion, immediately before and 15 days after Intravenous immunoglobulin. A group of 6 patients with Common variable immunodeficiency and bronchiectasis but no sputum was also studied for comparison of the basal IgG level and blood count. The 13 patients were young (age=36±17 years) and comprised predominantly of females (n=11). RESULTS: Patients with secretion presented significantly decreased IgG and IgM levels. Intravenous immunoglobulin was associated with a significant decrease in exhaled NO (54.7 vs. 40.1 ppb, p<0.05), sputum inflammatory cell counts (28.7 vs. 14.6 cells/mm³, p<0.05), and a significant increase in respiratory mucus transportability by cough (42.5 vs. 65.0 mm, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: We concluded that immunoglobulin administration in Common variable immunodeficiency patients results in significant improvement in indexes of inflammation of the airways with improvement in the transportability of the respiratory mucus by cough

Representações Sociais Acerca das Tartarugas Marinhas de Pescadores Artesanais de Ajuruteua, Amazônia Costeira, Bragança-Pará, Brasil

Estudar a relação entre seres humanos e não-humanos, sobretudo, junto às chamadas populações tradicionais requer a devida identificação do contexto sócio ambiental e cultural em que tais relações se desenvolvem. As inter-relações entre pescadores e tartarugas marinhas nas Comunidades Bonifácio e vila dos Pescadores (praia Ajuruteua, Bragança-Pará) foram descritas com base em metodologias participativas. A pesca é a principal atividade desenvolvida e as atividades destes atores nas áreas marinha e praianas proporcionam o acúmulo de conhecimentos sobre os demais elementos ambientais. A maioria dos entrevistados relatou suas percepções sobre tartarugas marinhas na praia de Ajuruteua. Os encontros entre pescadores e tartarugas foram relacionados com três práticas pesqueiras (curral, espinhel e rede). O conhecimento ecológico local sobre as tartarugas marinhas inclui uma etnotaxonomia com 26 denominações e descrições de diversos aspectos ecobiológicos destes animais (desova, distribuição espacial, adaptações morfológicas e comportamento). As ocorrências dos quelônios fazem parte, tanto da memória remota, quanto recente dos pescadores, sendo apontada uma redução gradativa nos anos atuais.  As tartarugas marinhas representam coletivamente para os pescadores fonte de proteínas (comem a carne e os ovos), recursos medicinais (usam gordura e casco para cura de diversas enfermidades, em diferentes preparos), e ainda como elemento estético (confecção de zooartezanato). Estas representações verificadas na memória destas comunidades constituem um importante registro da ocorrência de tartarugas marinhas na Amazônia costeira

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): screening, treatment and survival analysis in a Brazilian series

Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical features, Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) screening, treatment modalities, and Overall Survival (OS) in a series of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma (NAFLD-HCC) Brazilian patients. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study at the Instituto do Cancer do Estado de São Paulo, at the Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo with the approval of the local research ethics committee. NAFLD patients with HCC diagnosed, from May&nbsp;2010 to May&nbsp;2019, were included. Results: A total of&nbsp;131&nbsp;patients were included. Risk factors for NAFLD were present in&nbsp;94.7% of the patients. Only&nbsp;29% of patients were in the HCC screening program before diagnosis. HCC treatment was performed in&nbsp;84.7% of patients. Cumulative survival at the end of the first year was&nbsp;72%, second-year&nbsp;52%, and fifth-year&nbsp;32%. HCC screening before diagnosis was not significantly associated with higher cumulative survival. The independent factors associated with shorter general survival were BCLC C-D, p &lt; 0.001, and the size of the largest nodule&nbsp;&gt; 42&nbsp;mm, p&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.039. Conclusions: Although the efficacy of screening in our population regarding overall survival was hampered due to the sample size (29%&nbsp;had screening), BCLC stages&nbsp;C‒D and the size of the largest nodule larger than&nbsp;42&nbsp;mm were identified as independent factors of worse prognosis

Acute effects of power and resistance exercises on hemodynamic measurements of older women

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the acute effects of resistance training (RT) and power training (PT) on the hemodynamic parameters and nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability of older women. Materials and methods: A randomized experimental design was used in this study. Twentyone older women (age: 67.1 +/- 4.6 yearsbody mass index: 28.03 +/- 4.9 kg/m2systolic blood pressure: 135.1 +/- 21.1 mmHg) were recruited to participate in this study. Volunteers were randomly allocated into PT, RT, and control session (CS) groups. The PT and RT groups underwent a single session of physical exercise equalized by training volume, characterized by 3 sets of 8-10 repetitions in 8 different exercises. However, RT group performed exercise at a higher intensity (difficult) than PT (moderate) group. On the other hand, concentric contractions were faster in PT group than in RT group. Hemodynamic parameters and saliva samples (for NO quantification) were collected before and during an hour after exercise completion. Results: Results demonstrated post-exercise hypotension during 35 minutes in the PT when compared to rest period (P= 0.001). In turn, RT showed decreased heart rate and double product (P, 0.001) during the whole evaluation period after exercise completion compared with the rest period. NO levels increased in the PT and RT during the whole evaluation period in relation to rest period. However, there were no differences between PT, RT, and CS regarding hemodynamic and NO evaluations. Conclusion: Data indicate that an acute session of power and resistance exercise can be effective to cause beneficial changes on hemodynamic parameters and NO levels in older women.Univ Estadual Campinas, Appl Kinesiol Lab LCA, Sch Phys Educ, Ave Erico Verissimo,701 Cidade Univ Zeferino Vaz, BR-13083851 Campinas, SP, BrazilUniv Mogi das Cruzes, Ctr Hlth Sci, Mogi Das Cruzes, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Med Sch, Hypertens Unit, Heart Inst InCor, Brasilia, DF, BrazilUniv Catolica Brasilia, Sch Phys Educ, Brasilia, DF, BrazilCommun Ctr Older People Poa, Poa, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Dept Immunobiol, Lab Transplantat Immunol, Inst Biomed Sci, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Nephrol Div, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Sch Arts Sci & Humanities, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Nephrol Div, Sao Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Influência dos ácidos graxos ômega 3 e vitamina D na depressão: uma breve revisão

Objetivo: descrever uma revisão da literatura sobre a importância dos ácidos graxos ômega-3 e da vitamina D na prevenção e tratamento da depressão. Metodologia: essa revisão foi feita no período de agosto, setembro de 2016, incluindo as publicações de 2000 a 2016. Procedeu-se a busca nas bases de dados Pubmed, Science Direct, Bireme e periódicos CAPES com a utilização dos descritores: “ômega-3”, “docosahexaenoic acid”, “DHA”, “eicosapentaenoic acid”, “EPA”, “vitamin D” e “depression”. Resultados: a literatura reporta vários estudos sobre a eficácia dos ácidos graxos ômega-3 no tratamento da depressão. No entanto, existe um número considerável de trabalhos que não demonstram eficácia dos ácidos graxos ômega-3 na depressão. Os fatores responsáveis pelos resultados variados são: modelos experimentais, diferenças de tamanho da amostra, diferenças biológicas e genéticas entre os doentes, a variabilidade ambiental, e variabilidade na resposta à ácidos graxos ômega-3. Em relação a vitamina D, os resultados também são contraditórios, com evidências sugerindo que baixos níveis dessa vitamina podem estar associados a um maior risco de depressão. Conclusão: não é possível afirmar que consumir alimentos ricos em ômega-3 e vitamina D, juntamente com o uso de fármacos possam aliviar os sintomas depressivos