A Response to the IPCC Fifth Assessment

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change\u27s (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report presented significant data and findings about climate change. But the IPCC\u27s working groups\u27 summaries for policymakers avoid making normative statements about the IPCC\u27s findings. The authors, members of the Environmental Law Collaborative, bridge this gap by identifying the normative claims that stem from the working groups\u27 summaries to spark deeper discussion and help shape the IPCC\u27s sixth assessment

A Response to the IPCC Fifth Assessment

This collection of essays is the initial product of the second meeting of the Environmental Law Collaborative, a group of environmental law scholars that meet to discuss important and timely environmental issues. Here, the group provides an array of perspectives arising from the Fifth Assessment of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Each scholar chose one passage from one of the IPCC’s three Summaries for Policymakers as a jumping-off point for exploring climate change issues and responding directly to the reports. The result is a variety of viewpoints on the future of how law relates to climate change, a result that is the product not only of each scholar’s individual knowledge but also of the group’s robust discussion

A Response to the IPCC Fifth Assessment

This collection of essays is the initial product of the second meeting of the Environmental Law Collaborative, a group of environmental law scholars that meet to discuss important and timely environmental issues. Here, the group provides an array of perspectives arising from the Fifth Assessment of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Each scholar chose one passage from one of the IPCC’s three Summaries for Policymakers as a jumping-off point for exploring climate change issues and responding directly to the reports. The result is a variety of viewpoints on the future of how law relates to climate change, a result that is the product not only of each scholar’s individual knowledge but also of the group’s robust discussion

A Response to the IPCC Fifth Assessment

This collection of essays is the initial product of the second meeting of the Environmental Law Collaborative, a group of environmental law scholars that meet to discuss important and timely environmental issues. Here, the group provides an array of perspectives arising from the Fifth Assessment of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Each scholar chose one passage from one of the IPCC’s three Summaries for Policymakers as a jumping-off point for exploring climate change issues and responding directly to the reports. The result is a variety of viewpoints on the future of how law relates to climate change, a result that is the product not only of each scholar’s individual knowledge but also of the group’s robust discussion

International genome-wide meta-analysis identifies new primary biliary cirrhosis risk loci and targetable pathogenic pathways.

Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is a classical autoimmune liver disease for which effective immunomodulatory therapy is lacking. Here we perform meta-analyses of discovery data sets from genome-wide association studies of European subjects (n=2,764 cases and 10,475 controls) followed by validation genotyping in an independent cohort (n=3,716 cases and 4,261 controls). We discover and validate six previously unknown risk loci for PBC (Pcombined<5 × 10(-8)) and used pathway analysis to identify JAK-STAT/IL12/IL27 signalling and cytokine-cytokine pathways, for which relevant therapies exist

Self-Assembling Systems from Single Molecules to Macromolecular Assemblies

Nanoparticle formulations of chemotherapeutics have been shown to be highly effective in the treatment of various cancers by increasing the amount of drug that can be delivered, reducing systemic toxicity, and increasing tumor uptake. Many nanoparticle scaffolds have been investigated in a drug delivery context, displaying diverse sizes, morphologies, compositions, and properties. One class of nanoparticles that has shown promise for drug delivery applications are those based on self-assembling proteins. These protein-based nanoparticles share many of the advantages of more traditional nanoparticle scaffolds made from synthetic materials, but also benefit from being biodegradable and genetically tuneable. Herein, the development of a new class of self-assembling proteins based on an intrinsically disordered protein sequence derived from human neurofilaments is discussed. Efforts to systematically alter the sequence space of these proteins to study variables that impact their physicochemical and self-assembling properties were undertaken. This allowed for the identification of protein variants that had favorable characteristics as drug delivery scaffolds and as general bio-surfactants. This work represents the initial steps in developing a quantitative model for the future engineering of self-assembling proteins based on this intrinsically disordered protein sequence