Multiple Layers of Transmission

Scholars have investigated Gasan’s role in the so-called ‘popularization’ of the medieval Sōtō school. What is noticed less often is Gasan’s doctrinal role in the shaping of medieval Sōtō Zen. This article sheds light on the particular importance given by Gasan to the transmission of the Five Ranks through an analysis of the San’unkaigetsu and the two Muromachi variants. The three texts share some common features in the analysis of the Five Ranks, which are at the center of the transmission process in Gasan’s group. I suggest that the rediscovery of the Five Ranks attempts to legitimate Gasan and his group of disciples. San’unkaigetsu achieves this through three different layers: the textual layer, the cosmogonic layer and the secrecy layer which endow Gasan’s group with the legitimacy of past tradition. My analysis collocates Gasan and San’unkaigetsu in the complex scenario of the medieval Sōtō school, providing a nuanced understanding of the influential role of Gasan

Sviluppo di un propagatore orbitale per studi di collisione e tempo di vita in orbita per il lanciatore VEGA.

La tesi tratta lo sviluppo di un programma (chiamato POLPO) per la simulazione della fase di de-orbiting per l'upper stage AVUM, del lanciatore Vega. AVUM, in base alle normative internazionali dovrà decadere in atmosfera entro i 25 anni dall'inizio della fase di de-orbiting; le simulazioni effettuate con il programma POLPO ne attestano il riento. Viene inoltre effettuata l'analisi di collisione in orbita tra l'upper stage AVUM ed il suo P/L per il volo di qualifica, LARES

Relazioni tra improvvisazione e musica scritta dallo stile galante alle soglie dell'alea

Title: The relationship between improvisation and written music from the galant period to the beginnings of aleatory music. The practice of composing music by improvising on an instrument is rooted in antiquity. By means of musical notation, many works from the past have been preserved from oblivion; but improvisations have been irredeemably lost, at least until the invention of sonic reproduction. The present study aims to recapture improvised music and the bases from which it developed, ranging in time from the late eighteenth century until the first half of the twentieth century. The study is focused in particular on keyboard music, since this received the greatest attention from composers who were also great improvisors, and offered the greatest possibilities for polyphonic treatment. Examination of a number of historical documents has made it possible to confirm the continuity of the art of improvisation throughout the entire period studied. This is a period rich in musical personalities who have been studied in their contexts and institutions important to the history of improvisation. Important treatises, such as those by Kalkbrenner, Czerny and TÅrk, have been consulted, in order to comprehend the methods of learning the art of improvisation by means of models. Two elements stand out among the various uses of improvisation required in performance: the cadenza and the prelude. A close analysis and comparison of the models given in the treatises with a representative body of printed works has shown that there is a great similarity of language, harmonic structure, decorative formulas and a series of gestures that reflect an intimate relation between hand and keyboard instrument. These comparisons show that, in spite of an improvisation's intrinsic character of unpredictability, there exists an underlying similarity of formulas. A number of documents dealing the with improvisatory elements in French organ music, and especially the fundamental importance this has had for many authoritative personalities in this field, has shown how improvisation has affected the development of the musical language at the beginning of the twentieth century. A concrete confirmation of the practice, technique and expressive possibilities of improvisation is offered through an analysis of five improvisations at the piano by the French composer Raphael Fumet

Étude de la combinaison de la technique quasi-Monte Carlo randomisé vectoriel avec l'échantillonnage exact

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal

Post Market Environmental Monitoring of Genetically Modified Herbicide Tolerant Crops (Working group report from the 4th International Workshop on PMEM of Genetically Modified Plants, Quedlinburg, Germany 2010)

Der kommerzielle Anbau gentechnisch veränderter Pflanzen (GVP) muss gemäß der Gesetzgebung der Euro­päischen Union überwacht werden. Hier fassen wir die Diskussionen einer Arbeitsgruppe zusammen, die sich während des 4. Internationalen Workshops zum Anbaubegleitenden Monitoring von GVP vom 3. bis 4. Mai 2010 in Quedlinburg getroffen hat. Die Arbeitsgruppe hatte zum Ziel, die Notwendigkeit, das Ausmaß und den Aufbau eines Monitoring von gentechnisch veränderten herbizidtoleranten Pflanzen zu diskutieren. Der folgende Arbeitsgruppen-Bericht fasst die spezi­fischen Fragen, die sich bei einem solchen Monitoring stellen, zusammen und es wird versucht, die Frage zu beantworten, was überwacht werden sollte und wer eine solche Überwachung durchführen sollte. Zusätzlich werden die größten Herausforderungen bei der Überwachung von herbizidtoleranten GVP präsentiert, und es wird diskutiert, wie diesen begegnet werden könnte.    According to European Union (EU) legislation, genetically modified (GM) crops released for commercial cultivation have to be monitored. Here we summarise the discussion of a working group that convened during the 4th International Workshop on Post Market Environmental Monitoring (PMEM) of Genetically Modified Plants in Quedlinburg from 3–4 May 2010 to discuss the necessity, extent and design of PMEM plans of genetically modified herbicide tolerant (GMHT) crops. The following workshop report summarises the questions specific to the monitoring of GMHT crops and seeks to answer what should be monitored and who should perform such a monitoring. In addi­tion, the main challenges when monitoring GMHT crops are presented and it is discussed how these challenges could be addressed.   &nbsp

Integrated Visual Analysis for Brand Perception on Different Social Networks

Nowadays, social media fosters billions of users and has become an important communication source. Social media empowered the users' opinions supplying quick and less costly feedback compared to traditional survey methods. However, analyzing a brand through its social media is not trivial and raises challenges. To benefit from its data, brands need easy-to-use tools to help them understand the data gathered. Thus, the main goal of this work is to provide a visual analysis approach composed of several interactive visualization techniques to support brands to obtain insights from their social media. Besides the analyses allowed by integrating different social media data, the proposed approach has a well-defined pipeline that can be extended and used without programming knowledge. We conducted two case studies to explore these analyses, one for Netflix and one for Amazon Prime Video data. The results help us to highlight the approach's potential and possible future investigations

A quantitative risk assessment for skin sensitizing plant protection products: Linking derived No-Effect levels (DNELs) with agricultural exposure models.

Chemical skin sensitizers produce allergic contact dermatitis, which is one of the most frequent occupational diseases associated with chemical exposures. Skin exposure is the major route of exposure when using plant protection products (PPPs). Therefore, skin sensitization is an important factor to be addressed during the regulatory risk assessment of PPPs. The main regulatory decision criterion considered when performing risk assessment for skin sensitizers is the dose applied. The equally important criteria "potency of the substance" is insufficiently considered by two potency categories as potency may vary up to five orders of magnitude. "Frequency of exposure" to the skin sensitizer is not considered at all. Consequently, an improved risk assessment methodology is essential to adequately assess health risks from skin sensitizers, especially for agricultural operators using PPPs. A quantitative risk assessment (QRA) approach for addressing PPPs sensitizing potential is proposed here. This QRA combines a methodology to derive a substance-specific threshold for skin sensitizers, a Derived No-Effect Level (DNEL), and an agricultural exposure model used for assessing chronic health risks of PPPs. The proposed QRA for skin sensitizing PPPs is a clear improvement over current risk assessment to ensure the safe use of skin sensitizers in an occupational context