Aporte del procesamiento de lenguaje natural a la ingeniería de requisitos

[10 p.]En la Ingeniería de Software, la etapa inicial corresponde a la definición de los requisitos del sistema de software a desarrollar. Los ingenieros de requisitos generan modelos para representar el conocimiento adquirido y las decisiones tomadas en el proceso de construcción de requisitos. En particular, los modelos escritos en Lenguaje Natural son muy utilizados ya que facilitan la interacción con los clientes y usuarios. Si bien el Lenguaje Natural tiene amplios beneficios, también presenta algunas dificultades. Realizando estudios de completitud de los modelos escritos en Lenguaje Natural denominados Léxico Extendido del Lenguaje y Escenarios ha surgido la necesidad de definir estrategias específicas, tanto para crear los modelos como para realizar sobre ellos estudios de completitud. En el presente artículo se presentan resultados preliminares de mejora en la calidad de los modelos obtenidos al aplicar una herramienta de Procesamiento de Lenguaje Natural y las expectativas para trabajos futuros cuando se apliquen con mayor extensión las herramientas.Fil: Cáceres, Silvina. Universidad Católica de Salta. Facultad de Ingeniería e Informática; Argentina.Fil: Milla, Ximena. Universidad Católica de Salta. Facultad de Ingeniería e Informática; Argentina.Fil: Lo Giudice, Diego. Universidad Católica de Salta. Facultad de Ingeniería e Informática; Argentina.Fil: Velazquez Santillán, Facundo. Universidad Católica de Salta. Facultad de Ingeniería e Informática; Argentina.Fil: Doorn, Jorge. Universidad Católica de Salta. Facultad de Ingeniería e Informática; Argentina.Fil: Litvak, Claudia. Universidad Católica de Salta. Facultad de Ingeniería e Informática; Argentina

Visualization_2.mp4

Video showing the rotation of the 8 um borosilicate microparticles by using a photonic lantern spliced to a 2-LP few-mode fiber and adjusting the polarization of the signal at one of the photonic lantern inputs corresponding to the LP11a spatial mode

Visulaization_3.mp4

Rotation of a 4.8 um polystyrene microparticles cluster trapped using a photonic lantern spliced to a 2-LP few-mode fiber and adjusting the polarization of the signal in one of the photonic lantern inputs corresponding to the LP11a spatial mod

Visualization_1.mp4

Video showing the trapping of 8 um borosilicate microparticles using a photonic lantern spliced to a 2-LP few-mode fiber and the movement of the particles between the two LP11 degenerate modes by switching the input fiber of the photonic lantern

Neotropical ornithology: Reckoning with historical assumptions, removing systemic barriers, and reimagining the future

A major barrier to advancing ornithology is the systemic exclusion of professionals from the Global South. A recent special feature, Advances in Neotropical Ornithology, and a shortfalls analysis therein, unintentionally followed a long-standing pattern of highlighting individuals, knowledge, and views from the Global North, while largely omitting the perspectives of people based within the Neotropics. Here, we review current strengths and opportunities in the practice of Neotropical ornithology. Further, we discuss problems with assessing the state of Neotropical ornithology through a northern lens, including discovery narratives, incomplete (and biased) understanding of history and advances, and the promotion of agendas that, while currently popular in the north, may not fit the needs and realities of Neotropical research. We argue that future advances in Neotropical ornithology will critically depend on identifying and addressing the systemic barriers that hold back ornithologists who live and work in the Neotropics: unreliable and limited funding, exclusion from international research leadership, restricted dissemination of knowledge (e.g., through language hegemony and citation bias), and logistical barriers. Moving forward, we must examine and acknowledge the colonial roots of our discipline, and explicitly promote anti-colonial agendas for research, training, and conservation. We invite our colleagues within and beyond the Neotropics to join us in creating new models of governance that establish research priorities with vigorous participation of ornithologists and communities within the Neotropical region. To include a diversity of perspectives, we must systemically address discrimination and bias rooted in the socioeconomic class system, anti-Blackness, anti-Brownness, anti-Indigeneity, misogyny, homophobia, tokenism, and ableism. Instead of seeking individual excellence and rewarding top-down leadership, institutions in the North and South can promote collective leadership. In adopting these approaches, we, ornithologists, will join a community of researchers across academia building new paradigms that can reconcile our relationships and transform science. Spanish and Portuguese translations are available in the Supplementary Material.• Research conducted by ornithologists living and working in Latin America and the Caribbean has been historically and systemically excluded from global scientific paradigms, ultimately holding back ornithology as a discipline.• To avoid replicating systems of exclusion in ornithology, authors, editors, reviewers, journals, scientific societies, and research institutions need to interrupt long-held assumptions, improve research practices, and change policies around funding and publication.• To advance Neotropical ornithology and conserve birds across the Americas, institutions should invest directly in basic field biology research, reward collective leadership, and strengthen funding and professional development opportunities for people affected by current research policies.Peer reviewe