Novedades corológicas para la comarca del Andévalo (Huelva). II

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Then You Fall Off : Youth Experiences and Responses to Transitioning to Homelessness

Introduction: This study aims to broaden our understanding of the experience of homelessness and unstable housing in youth. While quantitative research highlights risk factors associated with experiencing homelessness as a youth, little qualitative research has been conducted to explore the lived experience of this transition to homelessness or unstable housing and how youth respond to becoming homeless. This study utilizes data from youth descriptions of their experiences to understand the context of the transition to homelessness and how youth manage this transition. Methods: A qualitative study with a quantitative component was conducted with a nonprobability sample of homeless youth aged 14-24 recruited from shelters, drop-in centers, and magnet events in a large urban area in the Southwest. Four qualitative researchers used content analysis to assess themes that emerged related to transitions to homelessness. Results: A predominately minority (88%) sample of sheltered (67%) and unsheltered (33%) youth (n=64) described their experience of and responses to transitioning to homelessness. Three main themes emerged relating to transitioning to homelessness; family homelessness, histories of foster care, and non-supportive family processes. Youth described how these experiences manifested and influenced their transition into homelessness. In response to homelessness three dominant themes emerged; self-reliance, hope, and resilience. Discussion: The data highlight the unique issues of homeless youth and how they respond to circumstantial challenges. While homeless youth experience lifetime adversities that lead to homelessness, they respond to these circumstantial challenges with self-reliance, hope, and maintaining resilience. Interventions aiming to facilitate health behaviors and improve self-sufficiency in homeless youth should tap into these positive responses to improve self-care strategies, service utilization, and help homeless youth reduce risk behaviors

Composição florística da vegetação arbórea nativa do sub-bosque de 30 povoamentos comerciais de Eucalyptus spp do sudeste do Brasil.

Foram revisados 30 trabalhos que observaram a diversidade de espécies arbóreas no sub-bosque de plantios comerciais de Eucalyptus spp. A área média dos fragmentos avaliados é de 21 ha e a diversidade de espécies arbóreas é de 56 ind/ha. O menor fragmento possui 0,3 ha e o maior 150 ha. Ao todo foram encontrados 76 famílias, 282 gêneros e 788 espécies. Apesar da carência de trabalhos e do pequeno tamanho dos fragmentos, o número de espécies encontradas é relevante e qualifica esse tipo de fragmento florestal como útil para o surgimento, desenvolvimento e manutenção de espécies florestais nativas. As cinco espécies que mais ocorreram foram: Casearia sylvestris Sw., Zanthoxylum rhoifolium Lam., Siparuna guianensis Aubl., Copaifera langsdorffii Desf. e Piptadenia gonoacantha (Mart.) Macbr. Foram encontradas 34 espécies com algum grau de ameaça de extinção de acordo com a lista de espécies ameaçadas do Instituto de Botânica de São Paulo. Comprovando a importância desses fragmentos para o desenvolvimento e manutenção de espécies ameaçadas. De todas as espécies relacionadas somente 15% são pioneiras. Mostrando que o sub-bosque favorece o desenvolvimento de espécies mais tardias. A forma de dispersão de sementes predominante é a zoocoria, onde acima de 60% das espécies apresentam essa característica. Esse fato mostra a importância da presença de fragmentos nativos e animais dispersores próximos as áreas de Eucaliptus. Conclui-se que os fragmentos de sub-bosque são capazes de manter uma diversidade elevada de espécies lenhosas nativas. Verifica-se a possibilidade de se recuperar áreas florestais por meio da retirada dos indivíduos de Eucalyptus, conciliando essa forma de recuperação com a Lei Estadual Paulista nº 12.927/2008 e o Decreto nº 53.939/2009 que permitem a compensação da Reserva Legal através do plantio de espécies exóticas intercaladas às nativas, oferecendo uma alternativa economicamente viável para a sua recomposição

Unified min-max and interlacing theorems for linear operators

There exist striking analogies in the behaviour of eigenvalues of Hermitian compact operators, singular values of compact operators and invariant factors of homomorphisms of modules over principal ideal domains, namely diagonalization theorems, interlacing inequalities and Courant-Fischer type formulae. Carlson and Sa [D. Carlson and E.M. Sa, Generalized minimax and interlacing inequalities, Linear Multilinear Algebra 15 (1984) pp. 77-103.] introduced an abstract structure, the s-space, where they proved unified versions of these theorems in the finite-dimensional case. We show that this unification can be done using modular lattices with Goldie dimension, which have a natural structure of s-space in the finite-dimensional case, and extend the unification to the countable-dimensional case

Systemic corticosteroid hypersensitivity in children

We describe 5 cases of immediate-type reactions to systemic corticosteroids observed during the last 2 decades in boys aged 2, 4, 8, 9, and 10 years. Symptoms ranged from generalized urticaria and angioedema to anaphylactic shock immediately after administration. Oral betamethasone was implicated in 2 cases, oral prednisolone in 2 cases, and intravenous prednisolone in 1 case. The parents of patient 5 refused the skin tests. The remaining patients underwent skin prick tests with the following undiluted corticosteroids: parenteral prednisolone, oral prednisolone, parenteral methylprednisolone, parenteral dexamethasone, parenteral hydrocortisone, and oral betamethasone. If the results were negative, intradermal tests were performed with the same drugs at increasing concentrations. Skin test results were positive for all suspect corticosteroids, thus indicating an immunoglobulin E-mediated mechanism. Two patients had positive skin test results to other corticosteroids, suggesting cross-reactivity. An oral challenge test was performed with deflazacort in 4 cases and with betamethasone in 1 case; the results were negative

Antral follicular count is a tool that may allow the selection of more precocious Bradford heifers at weaning

Although antral follicle count is a repeatable parameter across life that is positively associated with fertility, its use at weaning as a tool to discard less fertile heifers has not been extensively evaluated. The hypotheses of this work are: 1) maximum antral follicle count (MAFC) is repeatable between weaning and pre breeding evaluations, allowing selection of more fertile heifers at an early age, 2) heifers with high MAFC have growth and development parameters linked to an earlier puberty and pregnancy, 3) MAFC has a positive correlation with AMH concentrations, so that both could be used inter changeably. In this study, Hereford (n = 42 and n = 50) and Braford (n = 40 and n = 50) females were used in years 1 and 2; respectively, in a completely randomized experimental design. Heifers were examined for five to ten days at two different moments (post weaning and pre service), to determine MAFC. The concentrations of Anti müllerian hormone (AMH) were evaluated on the day of MAFC assessment. Growth and development parameters were evaluated post weaning and pre service. The repeatability of MAFC between post weaning and pre service evaluations was poor in three cases (Hereford Year 1 = 0.36 and 2 = 0.39 and Braford, Year 2 = 0.32) but it was high for Braford in Year 2 (0.72). The AMH repeatability between post weaning and pre service evaluations was high in one case (Braford Year 2 = 0.72) and moderate in the others (Year 1, Hereford = 0.50 and Braford = 0.52 and Year 2, Hereford = 0.50). In Year 2, Braford heifers with greater MAFC attained puberty at an earlier age (r2 = 0.129; P = 0.0196). Also, diminished MAFC corresponded with decreased growth and development, thus less Braford heifers with low MAFC were inseminated (2/16), compared to those with medium (12/17) and high MAFC (7/17; P \u3c 0.01). Moreover, Braford heifers with low AFC had less progesterone in the cycle post insemination but pregnancy rate was not affected. In Braford heifers in Year 2, there was a high correlation between MAFC and AMH concentrations (0.85 P \u3c 0.001). The results of these experiments indicate that post weaning MAFC and AMH concentrations may be applied to select those Braford heifers that attain puberty at an early age, but these tools are not useful in Hereford heifers

Novedades corológicas para la comarca del Andévalo (provincia de Huelva, SO de España). IV

Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología (España) REN 2002-04478-C03-03/GL

Direct Capture Technologies for Genomics-Guided Discovery of Natural Products

Microbes are important producers of natural products, which have played key roles in understanding biology and treating disease. However, the full potential of microbes to produce natural products has yet to be realized; the overwhelming majority of natural product gene clusters encoded in microbial genomes remain “cryptic”, and have not been expressed or characterized. In contrast to the fast-growing number of genomic sequences and bioinformatic tools, methods to connect these genes to natural product molecules are still limited, creating a bottleneck in genome-mining efforts to discover novel natural products. Here we review developing technologies that leverage the power of homologous recombination to directly capture natural product gene clusters and express them in model hosts for isolation and structural characterization. Although direct capture is still in its early stages of development, it has been successfully utilized in several different classes of natural products. These early successes will be reviewed, and the methods will be compared and contrasted with existing traditional technologies. Lastly, we will discuss the opportunities for the development of direct capture in other organisms, and possibilities to integrate direct capture with emerging genome-editing techniques to accelerate future study of natural products