Estudio del estado de preservación y medidas de conservación del edificio 6J2 de la Acrópolis del sitio arqueológico maya de La Blanca, Petén, Guatemala

El sitio arqueológico maya de La Blanca se encuentra en el Departamento de Petén, en Guatemala. Es un asentamiento prehispánico situado en las proximidades del río Salsipuedes, un afluente del río Mopán. El entorno se engloba dentro de la reserva arqueológica a cuyo cargo se encuentra la sede de la Inspectoría de Monumentos Prehispánicos en Melchor de Menco. Este sitio arqueológico está compuesto por varios montículos en los que se sitúan vestigios arquitectónicos del antiguo asentamiento maya. De entre todas las arquitecturas visibles, destaca la Acrópolis, compuesta por tres edificios de carácter palaciego que se erigen sobre una plataforma monumental y se disponen alrededor de un patio central. El Proyecto la Blanca trabaja en este sitio arqueológico desde el año 2004. En su última campaña se vio la necesidad de actualizar y profundizar en el estado de conservación de uno de los edificios de la Acrópolis, el 6J2. En este proyecto se estudian, por un lado, los fundamentos de la composición de las formas arquitectónicas del edificio y de sus sistemas constructivos y, por otro lado, se acometerá el registro, localización y análisis de las patologías que afectan a los paramentos y a las estructuras del edificio, para realizar un diagnóstico que oriente las intervenciones oportunas, sin que se pierda la integridad de las partes conservadas. Así mismo, se recogen los estudios previos necesarios para entender la situación real del edificio en todos sus aspectos, necesarios para realizar una correcta intervención en el bien patrimonial.Moreno Sanchez, S. (2014). Estudio del estado de preservación y medidas de conservación del edificio 6J2 de la Acrópolis del sitio arqueológico maya de La Blanca, Petén, Guatemala. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/48964.Archivo delegad

Structure de la végétation en hêtraies-sapinières : effets sur le peuplement d’oiseaux

Vegetation structure and composition, and parameters of the bird community (richness and abundance) were studied in managed beech-fir forests in Navarre (Spain). Relationships between bird parameters and vegetation variables differed in different avian nesting guilds. Whereas secondary cavitynesting bird parameters were not significantly related to any vegetation variable, both richness and abundance of bird species that do not rely on existing holes for breeding increased with the proportion of fir trees, but only in the breeding season. Nest-site selection might be the key factor behind this relationship, since firs would provide more suitable nest-sites than beeches for these species, perhaps because beech leaves are not fully developed early in the breeding season. Moreover, during the winter season richness of birds that do not rely on existing holes for breeding was positively related to the percentage of shrub cover. Although this result should be considered with caution, protection from adverse weather conditions or predation might explain this relationshipEntre mai 2001 et mars 2002, la structure et la composition de la végétation, ainsi que les paramètres de la communauté d'oiseaux (richesse et abondance) dans les forêts mixtes entretenues de hêtres et de sapins (Fagus sylvatica - Abies alba) de Navarre (nord de l'Espagne) ont fait l'objet d'une étude. Les relations entre les paramètres des oiseaux et les variables de la végétation différaient entre divers groupes d'oiseaux en fonction de leurs habitudes de nidification. Les paramètres des oiseaux utilisant les trous d'arbre pour nicher n'ont montré aucune relation avec les variables de la végétation ; en revanche l'abondance tout comme la richesse des espèces ne dépendant pas des trous d'arbre pour se reproduire affichaient une relation positive avec la proportion de sapins, mais uniquement en période de reproduction. Cette relation pourrait s'expliquer par la sélection du lieu de nidification, les sapins offrant des lieux plus appropriés à la nidification que les hêtres pour ce groupe d'oiseaux, peut-être parce que les feuilles des hêtres ne sont pas entièrement développées au début de la saison de reproduction. En outre, en hiver la richesse des espèces ne dépendant pas des trous d'arbre pour nicher était en relation positive avec la proportion d'arbustes. Bien que ce résultat doive être interprété avec prudence, la protection vis-à-vis des conditions météorologiques défavorables ou les prédateurs pourrait expliquer cette relation

Advanced immunotherapies for glioblastoma: tumor neoantigen vaccines in combination with immunomodulators

Correction to: Advanced immunotherapies for glioblastoma: tumor neoantigen vaccines in combination with immunomodulators. Acta Neuropathol Commun. 2023 Jul 12;11(1):116. doi: 10.1186/s40478-023-01600-2. PMID: 37438824.Glial-origin brain tumors, including glioblastomas (GBM), have one of the worst prognoses due to their rapid and fatal progression. From an oncological point of view, advances in complete surgical resection fail to eliminate the entire tumor and the remaining cells allow a rapid recurrence, which does not respond to traditional therapeutic treatments. Here, we have reviewed new immunotherapy strategies in association with the knowledge of the immune micro-environment. To understand the best lines for the future, we address the advances in the design of neoantigen vaccines and possible new immune modulators. Recently, the efficacy and availability of vaccine development with different formulations, especially liposome plus mRNA vaccines, has been observed. We believe that the application of new strategies used with mRNA vaccines in combination with personalized medicine (guided by different omic's strategies) could give good results in glioma therapy. In addition, a large part of the possible advances in new immunotherapy strategies focused on GBM may be key improving current therapies of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), given the fact that this type of tumor has been highly refractory to ICI.This study has been funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) through the project “CP21/00116 and PI22/0117” and co-funded by the European Union to RG, by “Asociación Española contra el Cancer (AECC) grant: INVES192GARG to RG and by Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación and FEDER funds: PI21/01406 to JMSS.S

ISGylation controls exosome secretion by promoting lysosomal degradation of MVB proteins

Exosomes are vesicles secreted to the extracellular environment through fusion with the plasma membrane of specific endosomes called multivesicular bodies (MVB) and mediate cell-to-cell communication in many biological processes. Posttranslational modifications are involved in the sorting of specific proteins into exosomes. Here we identify ISGylation as a ubiquitin-like modification that controls exosome release. ISGylation induction decreases MVB numbers and impairs exosome secretion. Using ISG15-knockout mice and mice expressing the enzymatically inactive form of the de-ISGylase USP18, we demonstrate in vitro and in vivo that ISG15 conjugation regulates exosome secretion. ISG15 conjugation triggers MVB co-localization with lysosomes and promotes the aggregation and degradation of MVB proteins. Accordingly, inhibition of lysosomal function or autophagy restores exosome secretion. Specifically, ISGylation of the MVB protein TSG101 induces its aggregation and degradation, being sufficient to impair exosome secretion. These results identify ISGylation as a novel ubiquitin-like modifier in the control of exosome production.We thank Dr K. Knobeloch, Dr A. Garcia-Sastre and Dr M.A. Alonso for providing reagents, and Dr S. Bartlett for assistance with English editing. C.E. is thankful to electron microscopy facility (campus Casanova), CCiT-University of Barcelona. This study was supported by grants SAF2014-55579-R from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, INDISNET-S2011/BMD-2332 from the Comunidad de Madrid, Cardiovascular Network RD12-0042-0056 and PIE13/00041 from Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Fondo de Investigacion Sanitaria del Instituto de Salud Carlos III and co-funding by Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional FEDER), ERC-2011-AdG 294340-GENTRIS and COST-Action BM1202 to F.S.-M.; grant SAF2014-54623-R, FIS grant PI11/00127 (Fondo de Investigacion Sanitaria del Instituto de Salud Carlos III and Ministry of Health of Spain, State secretary of R+D and FEDER/FSE) and Bayer Group Grants4Grants (ID 2013-08-0982) to S.G.; and grant BFU2015-66785-P from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness to C.E.; Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC) is supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) and the Pro-CNIC Foundation, and is a Severo Ochoa Center of Excellence (MINECO award SEV-2015-0505). C.V.-B. was supported by FPU programme (Spanish Ministry of Education). M. M. is supported by MS14/00219 from Instituto de Salud Carlos III.S

Spanish adaptation of the quality in psychiatric care-outpatient (QPC-OP) instrument community mental health patients' version: psychometric properties and factor structure

Background: Health systems in the field of mental health are strongly committed to community models that allow patients to be attended in their own environment. This helps them to maintain their family and social ties while trying to avoid costly hospital admissions. The patients' perspective is a key component in the assessment of the quality of psychiatric care and can even determine their adherence to the devices where they are treated. However, there are few instruments with adequate psychometric properties for the evaluation of the quality of psychiatric care in community mental health. The Quality in Psychiatric Care - Outpatient (QPC-OP) instrument has adequate psychometric properties to assess the quality of psychiatric care from the patients' perspective. The aim of this study was to adapt and validate the Spanish version of the QPC-OP instrument. Methods: A translation and back‑translation of the instrument was carried out. To examine its psychometric properties, the instrument was administered to 200 patients attending various community mental health services. To assess test‑retest reliability, the instrument was readministered after 7‑14 days (n = 98). Results: The Confirmatory Factor Analysis revealed a structure of 8 factors identical to the original version, with an adequate model fit. The internal consistency coefficient (Cronbach's alpha) was 0.951. The intraclass correlation coeff icient was 0.764 (95% IC: 0.649 - 0.842), and higher than 0.70 in 5 of the 8 factors. Additionally, an EFA was performed and revealed that the instrument could behave in a unifactorial or four factor manner in the sample analyzed. Conclusions: Results show that the Spanish version of the QPC-OP instrument is valid and reliable for the assessment of quality of psychiatric care in the community setting

A Spanish adaptation of the Quality in Psychiatric Care Inpatient (QPC-IP) instrument: Psychometric properties and factor structure

Background and aim: Western countries share an interest in evaluating and improving quality of care in the healthcare field. The aim was to develop and examine the psychometric properties and factor structure of the Spanish version of the Quality in Psychiatric Care-Inpatient (QPC-IP) instrument. Methods: A psychometric study was conducted, translating the QPC-IPS instrument into Spanish, revision of the instrument by a panel of experts, and assessing its psychometric properties. 150 psychiatric inpatients completed the QPC-IP. Test-retest reliability was assessed by re-administering the questionnaire to 75 of these patients. Results: After conducting pilot testing and a cognitive interview with 30 inpatients, it was determined that the QPC-IPS was adequate and could be self-administered. A Cronbach's alpha of 0.94 was obtained for the full instrument and values of 0.52-0.89 for the various dimensions of the questionnaire. Test re test reliability: The Intraclass Correlation Coefficient for the full questionnaire was 0.69, while for the individual dimensions values between 0.62 and 0.74 were obtained, indicating acceptable temporal stability. Convergent validity was analysed using 10-point numerical satisfaction scale, giving a positive correlation (0.49). Confirmatory factor analysis revealed six factors consistent with the original scale. The Spanish version yielded adequate results in terms of validity and reliability. Conclusion: Our findings provide evidence of the convergent validity, reliability, temporal stability and construct validity of the Spanish QPC-IP for measuring patient quality in psychiatric care in Spanish hospitals. Hospital administrators can use this tool to assess and identify areas for improvement to enhance quality in psychiatric car

Porcine monocyte subsets differ in the expression of CCR2 and in their responsiveness to CCL2

Monocyte subsets have been shown to differ in the pattern of chemokine receptor expression and their migratory properties, both in human and mouse. Previously we have characterized in the swine several monocyte subpopulations, based on the expression of CD163, Tük4 and SLA-II, which share features with the populations described in human and mouse. Here, we have analysed the expression of different chemokine receptors in the CD163−Tük4+SLA-II− and CD163+Tük4−SLA-II+ populations of porcine monocytes. CD163+Tük4−SLA-II+ monocytes expressed higher CX3CR1 but lower CCR2 and CXCR4 mRNA levels than CD163−Tük4+SLA-II− monocytes. Moreover, porcine CCL2 binding on Tük4+SLA-II− but not on Tük4−SLA-II+ cells was detected by using a CCL2-green fluorescence protein (pCCL2-GFP) fusion protein. Finally, flow cytometric analyses of monocytes recovered after chemotaxis assays show a clear increase in the proportion of Tük4+SLA-II− cells in the fraction migrating toward CCL2, consistent with the polarized CCR2 expression in this monocyte population. The pattern of expression of these chemokine receptors reinforces the similarities of these porcine subsets with their human and mouse counterparts

Effectiveness of a universal personalized intervention for the prevention of anxiety disorders: Protocol of a randomized controlled trial (the prevANS project)

Background: To date, all preventive anxiety disorders interventions are one-fit-all and none of them are based on individual level and risk profile. The aim of this project is to design, develop and evaluate an online personalized intervention based on a risk algorithm for the universal prevention of anxiety disorders in the general population. Methods: A randomized controlled trial (RCT) with two parallel arms (prevANS vs usual care) and 1-year follow- up including 2000 participants without anxiety disorders from Spain and Portugal will be conducted. The prevANS intervention will be self-guided and can be implemented from the prevANS web or from the participants' Smartphone (through an App). The prevANS intervention will have different intensities depending on the risk level of the population, evaluated from the risk algorithm for anxiety: predictA. Both low and moderate-high risk participants will receive information on their level and profile (risk factors) of anxiety disorders, will have access to stress management tools and psychoeducational information periodically. In addition, participants with a moderate-high risk of anxiety disorders will also have access to cognitive-behavioral training (problem-solving, decision-making, communication skills, and working with thoughts). The control group will not receive any intervention, but they will fill out the same questionnaires as the intervention group. Assessments will be completed at baseline, 6 and 12-month follow-up. The primary outcome is the cumulative incidence of anxiety disorders. Secondary outcomes include depressive and anxiety symptoms, risk probability of anxiety disorders (predictA algorithm) and depression (predictD algorithm), improvement in physical and mental quality of life, and acceptability and satisfaction with the intervention. In addition, cost-effectiveness and cost-utility analyses will also be carried out from two perspectives, societal and health system, and analyses of mediators and moderators will also be performedSpanish Ministry of Health, the Institute of Health Carlos III, co-funded by the European Social Fund “Investing in your future” (grant references: CP19/00056), and the Chronicity, Primary Care and Health Promotion Research Network ‘RICAPPS’ (RD21/0016/0012); and Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, the State Investigation Agency (PID2020-119652RA-l00). These funding sources had no role in the design of this study and will not have any role during its execution, analyses, interpretation of the data, or decision to submit resultsS

Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric properties of the Spanish Quality in Psychiatric Care Forensic Inpatient Staff (QPC-FIPS) instrument

Quality in Psychiatric Care-Forensic Inpatient Staff (QPC-FIPS) is an instrument of Swedish origin validated to measure the perception of the quality of mental health care provided by forensic psychiatry professionals. The aim of this study was to cross-culturally adapt the QPC-FIPS instrument and to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the instrument. A psychometric study was carried out. For validity, content validity, convergent validity and construct validity were included. For reliability, the analysis of internal consistency and temporal stability was included. The sample consisted of 153 mental health professionals from four Forensic Psychiatry units. The adapted Spanish version of the QPC-FIPS scale was configured with the same number of items and dimensions as the original. The psychometric properties, in terms of temporal stability and internal consistency, were adequate and the factor structure, such as the homogeneity of the dimensions of the Spanish version of the QPC-FIPS, was equivalent to the original Swedish version. We found that the QPC_FIPS-Spanish is a valid, reliable and easy-to-apply instrument for assessing the self-perception of professionals regarding the care they provide