Thermal impact from a thermoelectric power plant on a tropical coastal lagoon

Tropical coastal areas are sensitive ecosystems to climate change, mainly due to sea level rise and increasing water temperatures. Furthermore, they may be subject to numerous stresses, including heat releases from energy production. The Urias coastal lagoon (SE Gulf of California), a subtropical tidal estuary, receives cooling water releases from a thermoelectric power plant, urban and industrial wastes, and shrimp farm discharges. In order to evaluate the plant thermal impact, we measured synchronous temperature time series close to and far from the plant. Furthermore, in order to discriminate the thermal pollution impact from natural variability, we used a high-resolution hydrodynamic model forced by, amongst others, cooling water release as a continuous flow (7.78 m3 s?1) at 6 °C overheating temperature. Model results and field data indicated that the main thermal impact was temporally restricted to the warmest months, spatially restricted to the surface layers (above 0.6 m) and distributed along the shoreline within ?100 m of the release point. The methodology and results of this study can be extrapolated to tropical coastal lagoons that receive heat discharges.<br/

Physicochemical and melissopalynological profiles of Citrus limon honey from Tucumán-Argentina. Hesperidin as a suitable marker of floral origin

Geographical Indications (GI) are tools used to add value, protect and recognize the differentiated quality of a product as a consequence of environmental and territorial influence. The objective of this work was to determine physicochemical, melissopalynological and sugar profiles plus chemical markers of Citrus limon monofloral honey produced in Tucumán-Argentina, to the development of the GI “Lemon blossom honey from Tucumán”. Samples harvested between August and October 2016, 2017 and 2018 were analyzed. It was established that in addition to Citrus limon, the most frequent pollen species was Salix type. This honey is very light in color (≤ 30 mm Pfund), slightly acidic (≤ 20 meq.kg-1), with moisture values from 15 to 19 g/100g, low diastatic activity (≤ 27 Gothe units), HMF (≤ 3.0 mg.kg-1) and electrical conductivity (≤ 0.32 mS.cm-1). Color inversely correlates with the amount of Citrus limon pollen. The sugar profile showed a higher fructose content than glucose, sucrose and maltose, and intermediate tendency towards crystallization. Hesperidin was easily detected and quantified in all samples. The content of methyl anthranilate was much lower than the international reference for citrus honeys and also, was not detected in some samples. Hence, should be a complementary indicator and hesperidin could be used instead as a chemical marker of genuineness.Las Indicaciones Geográficas (IG) son herramientas utilizadas para agregar valor y para proteger y reconocer la calidad diferencial de un producto como consecuencia de la influencia ambiental y territorial. El objetivo de este trabajo consistió en determinar los perfiles físicoquímicos, melisopalinológicos y de azúcares, además de marcadores químicos de mieles monoflorales de Citrus limon producidas en Tucumán-Argentina, para el desarrollo de la IG “Miel de azahar de limón de Tucumán”. Se analizaron muestras cosechadas entre agosto y octubre de 2016, 2017 y 2018. Se estableció que además de Citrus limon, la especie de polen más frecuente fue la del tipo Salix. Esta miel es de color muy claro (≤ 30 mm Pfund), ligeramente ácida (≤ 20 meq.kg-1), con valores de humedad de 15 a 19 g/100 g, baja actividad diastásica (≤ 27 unidades Gothe), HMF (≤ 3,0 mg.kg-1) y conductividad eléctrica (≤ 0,32 mS.cm-1). El color se correlaciona inversamente con la cantidad de polen de Citrus limon. El perfil de azúcares mostró mayor contenido de fructosa que glucosa, sacarosa y maltosa, y una tendencia intermedia a la cristalización. La hesperidina se detectó y cuantificó fácilmente en todas las muestras. El contenido de metil antranilato fue mucho menor que la referencia internacional para mieles de cítricos y además, no se detectó en algunas muestras. Por lo tanto, debería ser un indicador complementario y la hesperidina podría usarse en su lugar como un marcador químico de autenticidad.EEA FamailláFil: Maldonado, Luis Maria. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Famaillá; ArgentinaFil: Marcinkevicius, Karenina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina.Fil: Marcinkevicius, Karenina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Famaillá; ArgentinaFil: Salomon, Virginia María. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Famaillá; ArgentinaFil: Sanchez, A.C. Universidad Nacional de Jujuy. Instituto de Ecorregiones Andinas; ArgentinaFil: Sanchez, A.C. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Ecorregiones Andinas; Argentina.Fil: Alvarez, Alejandro Raul. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Famaillá; ArgentinaFil: Lupo, Liliana Concepción. Universidad Nacional de Jujuy. Instituto de Ecorregiones Andinas; ArgentinaFil: Lupo, Liliana Concepción. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Ecorregiones Andinas; Argentina.Fil: Bedascarrasbure, Enrique Luciano. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Centro de Investigación de Agroindustria. Programa Nacional Apícola (PROAPI); Argentin

Maternal outcomes at 3 months after planned caesarean section versus planned vaginal birth for twin pregnancies in the Twin Birth Study: a randomised controlled trial

OBJECTIVE: To compare outcomes at 3 months post partum for women randomised to give birth by planned caesarean section (CS) or by planned vaginal birth (VB) in the Twin Birth Study (TBS). DESIGN: We invited women in the TBS to complete a 3-month follow-up questionnaire. SETTING: Two thousand and eight hundred and four women from 25 countries. POPULATION: Two thousand and five hundred and seventy women (92% response rate). METHODS: Women randomised between 13 December 2003 and 4 April 2011 in the TBS completed a questionnaire and outcomes were compared using an intention-to-treat approach. MAIN OUTCOME AND MEASURES: Breastfeeding, quality of life, depression, fatigue and urinary incontinence. RESULTS: We found no clinically important differences between groups in any outcome. In the planned CS versus planned VB groups, breastfeeding at any time after birth was reported by 84.4% versus 86.4% (P = 0.13); the mean physical and mental Short Form (36) Health Survey (SF-36) quality of life scores were 51.8 versus 51.6 (P = 0.65) and 46.7 versus 46.0 (P = 0.09), respectively; the mean Multidimensional Assessment of Fatigue score was 20.3 versus 20.8 (P = 0.14); the frequency of probable depression on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale was 14.0% versus 14.8% (P = 0.57); the rate of problematic urinary incontinence was 5.5% versus 6.4% (P = 0.31); and the mean Incontinence Impact Questionnaire-7 score was 20.5 versus 20.4 (P = 0.99). Partner relationships, including painful intercourse, were similar between the groups. CONCLUSION: For women with twin pregnancies randomised to planned CS compared with planned VB, outcomes at 3 months post partum did not differ. The mode of birth was not associated with problematic urinary incontinence or urinary incontinence that affected the quality of life. Contrary to previous studies, breastfeeding at 3 months was not increased with planned VB. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT: Planned mode of birth for twins doesn't affect maternal depression, wellbeing, incontinence or breastfeeding

Enzyme-Powered Gated Mesoporous Silica Nanomotors for On-Command Intracellular Payload Delivery

[EN] The introduction of stimuli-responsive cargo release capabilities on self-propelled micro- and nano- motors holds enormous potential in a number of applications in the biomedical field. Herein, we report the preparation of mesoporous silica nano-particles gated with pH-responsive supramolecular nanovalves and equipped with urease enzymes which act as chemical engines to power the nanomotors. The nanoparticles are loaded with different cargo molecules ([Ru(bpy)(3)]Cl-2 (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine) or doxorubicin), grafted with benzimidazole groups on the outer surface, and capped by the formation of inclusion complexes between benzimidazole and cyclodextrin-modified urease. The nanomotor exhibits enhanced Brownian motion in the presence of urea. Moreover, no cargo is released at neutral pH, even in the presence of the biofuel urea, due to the blockage of the pores by the bulky benzimidazole:cyclodextrin-urease caps. Cargo delivery is only triggered on-command at acidic pH due to the protonation of benzimidazole groups, the dethreading of the supramolecular nanovalves, and the subsequent uncapping of the nanoparticles. Studies with HeLa cells indicate that the presence of biofuel urea enhances nanoparticle internalization and both [Ru(bpy)(3)]Cl-2 or doxorubicin intracellular release due to the acidity of lysosomal compartments. Gated enzyme-powered nanomotors shown here display some of the requirements for ideal drug delivery carriers such as the capacity to self-propel and the ability to "sense" the environment and deliver the payload on demand in response to predefined stimuli.A.L.-L. is grateful to La Caixa Banking Foundation for his Ph.D. grant. A.G.-F. thanks the Spanish government for her FPU fellowship. The authors are grateful to the Spanish Government (MINECO Projects MAT2015-64139-C4-1, CTQ2014-58989- PCTQ2015-71936-REDT, CTQ2015-68879-R (MICRODIA) and CTQ2015-72471-EXP (Enzwim)), the BBVA foundation (MEDIROBOTS), the CERCA Programme by the Generalitat de Catalunya, and the Generalitat Valenciana (Project PROMETEO/2018/024 and PROMETEOII/2014/061) for support. T.P. thanks MINECO for the Juan de la Cierva postdoctoral fellowship and the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program, under the Marie Sk¿odowska-Curie Individual Fellowship (H2020-MSCA-IF2018, DNA-bots). A.C.H. thanks MINECO for the Severo Ochoa fellowship. The authors would like to thank A. Miguel Lopez for the development of the python code for motion analysis.Llopis-Lorente, A.; García-Fernández, A.; Murillo-Cremaes, N.; Hortelao, A.; Patiño, T.; Villalonga, R.; Sancenón Galarza, F.... (2019). Enzyme-Powered Gated Mesoporous Silica Nanomotors for On-Command Intracellular Payload Delivery. ACS Nano. 13(10):12171-12183. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.9b067061217112183131

X-boson cumulant approach to the periodic Anderson model

The Periodic Anderson Model (PAM) can be studied in the infinite U limit by employing the Hubbard X operators to project out the unwanted states. We have already studied this problem employing the cumulant expansion with the hybridization as perturbation, but the probability conservation of the local states (completeness) is not usually satisfied when partial expansions like the Chain Approximation (CHA) are employed. Here we treat the problem by a technique inspired in the mean field approximation of Coleman's slave-bosons method, and we obtain a description that avoids the unwanted phase transition that appears in the mean-field slave-boson method both when the chemical potential is greater than the localized level Ef at low temperatures (T) and for all parameters at intermediate T.Comment: Submited to Physical Review B 14 pages, 17 eps figures inserted in the tex

Beta Titanium Alloys Processed by Laser Powder Bed Fusion: a Review

In bTi-alloys, some advances and developments have been reached toward optimizing their mechanical performance and their processability. However, the applications of these alloys via laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) are still under investigation. In this work, the processing of bTi-alloys via LPBF and their properties is reviewed with a focus on six selected metallurgical systems which are expected to be top performance materials in applications in the aeronautical and biomedical contexts. These six systems promise a better mechanical and functional performance considering different in-service environments for medical implants and structural applications. After literature analysis, the applicability of bTi-alloys to be processed via LPBF is then discussed considering the relevant fields of applications

Prevention of diet-induced obesity by apple polyphenols in Wistar rats through regulation of adipocyte gene expression and DNA methylation patterns

This study was conducted to determine the mechanisms implicated in the beneficial effects of apple polyphenols (APs) against diet-induced obesity in Wistar rats, described in a previous study from our group. Supplementation of high-fat sucrose diet with AP prevented adiposity increase by inhibition of adipocyte hypertrophy. Rats supplemented with AP exhibited improved glucose tolerance while adipocytes isolated from these rats showed an enhanced lipolytic response to isoproterenol. AP intake led to reduced Lep, Plin, and sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1 (Srebf1) mRNA levels and increased aquaporin 7 (Aqp7), adipocyte enhancer binding protein 1 (Aebp1), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma co-activator 1 alpha (Ppargc1a) mRNA levels in epididymal adipocytes. In addition, we found different methylation patterns of Aqp7, Lep, Ppargc1a, and Srebf1 promoters in adipocytes from apple-supplemented rats compared to high-fat sucrose fed rats. The administration of AP protects against body weight gain and fat deposition and improves glucose tolerance in rats. We propose that AP exerts the antiobesity effects through the regulation of genes involved in adipogenesis, lipolysis, and fatty acid oxidation, in a process that could be mediated in part by epigenetic mechanisms

Recent sediments dating using short-lived radionuclides

[ES] Se presentan las características principales del método de datación de sedimentos recientes mediante el radioisótopo natural 210Pb y su validación utilizando radionucleidos artificiales tales como 137Cs y 239,240Pu. Se hace una revisión de los principios generales de esta metodología, se aportan recomendaciones prácticas para la recogida de testigos sedimentarios en el campo y su posterior procesamiento en el laboratorio, se describen diferentes técnicas analíticas utilizadas en la determinación de sus concentraciones y se explican brevemente varios modelos para la interpretación de los perfiles obtenidos. Por último, se incluyen ejemplos prácticos de su aplicación en secuencias sedimentarias procedentes de distintos ambientes marinos (estuario, bahía y plataforma continental) en el norte de la Península Ibérica.[EN] The main characteristics of the dating method of recent sediments using the natural radioisotope 210Pb and its validation with artificial radionuclides such as 137Cs and 239,240Pu are presented. A review of the general principles of this methodology is made, practical recommendations for the collection of sedimentary cores in the field and their subsequent processing in the laboratory are provided, several analytical techniques used to measure their concentrations are described and several models for the interpretation of the profiles are briefly explained. Finally, practical examples of its application in sedimentary sequences from different marine environments (estuary, bay and continental shelf) in the northern Iberian Peninsula are also included.Este artículo se ha inspirado en el manual de referencia publicado por Sanchez-Cabeza, J.A., Díaz-Asencio, M., Ruiz-Fernández, A.C., eds. (2012). Radiocronología de sedimentos costeros utilizando 210Pb: Modelos, Validación y Aplicaciones. Organismo Internacional de Energía Atómica, Viena, 105 pp., donde se profundizan diferentes aspectos tratados aquí. Trabajo financiado por los proyectos RTI2018-095678-B-C21, MCIU/AEI/FEDER, UE (MINECO) e IT976-16 (EJ/GV). Dos revisoras/es anónimas/os mejoraron el manuscrito original con sus comentarios y sugerencias. Contribución nº 56 de la Unidad de Investigación Geo-Q Zentroa (Laboratorio Joaquín Gómez de Llarena).Cearreta, A.; Gómez-Arozamena, J.; Irabien, M.; Ruiz-Fernández, A.; Sanchez-Cabeza, J.; Ortiz Moragón, J.; Sáez-Muñoz, M. (2022). Datación de sedimentos recientes utilizando radionucleidos de vida corta. Cuaternario y Geomorfología. 36(3-4):87-104. https://doi.org/10.17735/cyg.v36i3-4.9350487104363-

Mogelijke effecten van actualisatie van zoutschadefuncties van grondgebonden, beregende landbouwgewassen

De derving van de fysieke opbrengst van grondgebonden teelten die kunnen worden beregend wordt deels bepaald door het zoutgehalte van het beregeningswater. De kennis op grond waarvan deze opbrengstderving wordt berekend is gebaseerd op veelal buitenlands onderzoek uit de jaren vijftig van de vorige eeuw in andere klimaatzones. Deze methodiek blijkt op basis van recente resultaten van veldproeven en praktijkervaringen niet toepasbaar op de Nederlandse situatie, maar dat gebeurt desondanks nog wel. Recente resultaten van Nederlandse veldproeven en praktijkervaringen tonen aan dat de zouttolerantie van gewassen als aardappelen, suikerbieten en gras aanzienlijk groter is dan gedacht op basis van buitenlands onderzoek. Dit zou moeten leiden tot bijgestelde zouttolerantiefuncties voor deze - en wellicht ook andere - gewassen. Om een indruk te geven wat de effecten van een bijstelling van de zouttolerantie-functies op de berekende opbrengst zouden kunnen zijn heeft een consortium, bestaande uit Alterra, De Bakelse Stroom, Deltares, Acacia Water, LEI en het Zilt Proefbedrijf Texel hiernaar een ruimtelijke verkenning uitgevoerd. Gewasopbrengten zijn per waterschap/regio in laag Nederland berekend met de anno 2013 gehanteerde, en met bijgestelde (lees: ‘tolerantere’) zouttolerantiefuncties. In de analyse is de berekende derving van de gewasopbrengst alleen bepaald door zout in beregeningswater. Voor laag Nederland werd het 10% droge jaar 1989 doorgetrokken naar ‘warm’ 2050 (W+). Op basis hiervan is een eerste schatting gemaakt van de verandering van de modelmatige opbrengst (i.c. een toename) van €60 miljoen/jaar. Dit resultaat geeft aan dat er sprake is van handelingsruimte in het (toekomstige) zoetwaterbeheer. Geadviseerd wordt om de zouttolerantiefuncties van landbouwgewassen te actualiseren, en om te kijken naar mogelijke consequenties voor de inrichting en het beheer van onze zoetwateraanvoersystemen

Study of the D^0 \to pi^-pi^+pi^-pi^+ decay

Using data from the FOCUS (E831) experiment at Fermilab, we present new measurements for the Cabibbo-suppressed decay mode $D^0 \to \pi^-\pi^+\pi^-\pi^+$. We measure the branching ratio $\Gamma(D^0 \to\pi^+\pi^- \pi^+\pi^-)/\Gamma(D^0 \to K^-\pi^+\pi^-\pi^+) = 0.0914 \pm 0.0018 \pm 0.0022$. An amplitude analysis has been performed, a first for this channel, in order to determine the resonant substructure of this decay mode. The dominant component is the decay $D^0 \to a_1(1260)^+ \pi^-$, accounting for 60% of the decay rate. The second most dominant contribution comes from the decay $D^0 \to \rho(770)^0\rho(770)^0$, with a fraction of 25%. We also study the $a_1(1260)$ line shape and resonant substructure. Using the helicity formalism for the angular distribution of the decay $D^0 \to \rho(770)^0\rho(770)^0$, we measure a longitudinal polarization of $P_L = (71 \pm 4\pm 2)$%.Comment: 38 pages, 8 figures. accepted for publication in Physical Review