Zebrafish as a model to study live mucus physiology

Dysfunctional mucus barriers can result in important pulmonary and gastrointestinal conditions, but model systems to study the underlying causes are largely missing. We identified and characterized five mucin homologues in zebrafish, and demonstrated a strategy for fluorescence labeling of one selected mucin. These tools can be used for in vivo experiments and in pharmacological and genetic screens to study the dynamics and mechanisms of mucosal physiology.National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Grant P30-ES002109)Johnson & Johnson. Corporate Office of Science and TechnologyNational Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant CA106416)Kathy and Curt Marble Cancer Research FundDavid H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT (Zebrafish Core Facility

Younger age and greater preoperative function predict compliance with 2-year follow-up visits after ACL reconstruction: an analysis of the PIVOT multicentre trial

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COVID-19 highlights the need for universal adoption of standards of medical care for physicians in nursing homes in Europe.

To access publisher's full text version of this article, please click on the hyperlink in Additional Links field or click on the hyperlink at the top of the page marked DownloadThe nursing home sector has seen a disproportionately high number of deaths as part of the COVID-19 pandemic. This reflects, in part, the frailty and vulnerability of older people living in care homes but has also, in part, been a consequence of the failure to include care homes in the systematic planning of a response to COVID, as well as a measure of neglect of standards and quality improvement in the sector. In response, the EUGMS published a set of medical standards of care developed in consultation with experts across its member national societies in 2015. The standards consisted of seven core principles of medical care for physicians working in nursing homes as a first step in developing a programme of clinical, academic and policy engagement in improving medical care for older people who are living and frequently also dying as residents in nursing homes. The gravity of the concerns arising for nursing home care from the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as emerging insights on care improvement in nursing homes indicate that an update of these medical standards is timely. This was performed by the writing group from the original 2015 guidelines and is intended as an interim measure pending a more formal review incorporating a systematic review of emerging literature and a Delphi process. Keywords: COVID-19; MeSH; Nursing home; Physicians; Standard of care

COVID-19 highlights the need for universal adoption of standards of medical care for physicians in nursing homes in Europe

The nursing home sector has seen a disproportionately high number of deaths as part of the COVID-19 pandemic. This reflects, in part, the frailty and vulnerability of older people living in care homes but has also, in part, been a consequence of the failure to include care homes in the systematic planning of a response to COVID, as well as a measure of neglect of standards and quality improvement in the sector. In response, the EUGMS published a set of medical standards of care developed in consultation with experts across its member national societies in 2015. The standards consisted of seven core principles of medical care for physicians working in nursing homes as a first step in developing a programme of clinical, academic and policy engagement in improving medical care for older people who are living and frequently also dying as residents in nursing homes. The gravity of the concerns arising for nursing home care from the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as emerging insights on care improvement in nursing homes indicate that an update of these medical standards is timely. This was performed by the writing group from the original 2015 guidelines and is intended as an interim measure pending a more formal review incorporating a systematic review of emerging literature and a Delphi process

Assessment of the ensembles regional climate models in the representation of precipitation variability and extremes over Portugal

A new data set of daily gridded observations of precipitation, computed from over 400 stations in Portugal, is used to assess the performance of 12 regional climate models at 25 km resolution, from the ENSEMBLES set, all forced by ERA-40 boundary conditions, for the 1961-2000 period. Standard point error statistics, calculated from grid point and basin aggregated data, and precipitation related climate indices are used to analyze the performance of the different models in representing the main spatial and temporal features of the regional climate, and its extreme events. As a whole, the ENSEMBLES models are found to achieve a good representation of those features, with good spatial correlations with observations. There is a small but relevant negative bias in precipitation, especially in the driest months, leading to systematic errors in related climate indices. The underprediction of precipitation occurs in most percentiles, although this deficiency is partially corrected at the basin level. Interestingly, some of the conclusions concerning the performance of the models are different of what has been found for the contiguous territory of Spain; in particular, ENSEMBLES models appear too dry over Portugal and too wet over Spain. Finally, models behave quite differently in the simulation of some important aspects of local climate, from the mean climatology to high precipitation regimes in localized mountain ranges and in the subsequent drier regions

Metabolt syndrom och intervention med fysisk aktivitet bland överviktiga barn och ungdomar : En litteraturstudie

Introduktion: Prevalensen av fetma bland barn och ungdomar ökar trots att internationella organisationer och myndigheter försöker uppmärksamma allmänheten på riskerna att drabbas av sjukdomar och att sjukvårdskostnaderna ökar för samhället. I takt med den ökande ”fetmaepidemin” ökar antalet individer med metabolt syndrom i världen. Viktiga förklaringar till uppkomsten av metabolt syndrom är brist på fysisk aktivitet tillsammans med högt energiintag, felaktiga matvanor, stress och psykosociala faktorer. Prevalensen för det metabola syndromet är högt bland barn och ungdomar med fetma och ökar i takt med att fetman förvärras. På grund av svårigheter i behandlingen av övervikt och fetma hos barn och ungdomar är fysisk aktivitet som prevention och fortsatt forskning adekvat för sammanhanget. Syftet med föreliggande studie var att undersöka vilka samband det fanns mellan fetma och delkomponenterna av metabolt syndrom bland barn och ungdomar, samt beskriva hur det metabola syndromet påverkas av interventioner med fysisk aktivitet. Metoden som används till studien var en litteraturstudie och databaserna som användes vid datainsamlingen var ISI, PubMed, Sience Direct och Scopus. Resultatet visade att Barn och ungdomar med fetma har större risk att drabbas av det metabola syndromet än normalviktiga. De överviktiga i studien hade även högre prevalens av varje delkomponent i det metabola syndromet. Fysisk aktivitet ledde till en minskning av det metabola syndromet hos barn och ungdomar. Överviktiga barn och ungdomar med hög kondition hade mindre risk att drabbas av det metabola syndromet än överviktiga barn och ungdomar med låg kondition. Det fanns en skillnad mellan olika typer av träningsformer och dess effekt på det metabola syndromet, där tid, intensitet och belastning hade en stor inverkan på dem metabola riskfaktorerna. Implikation: Idag finns det ingen fastställd definition på det metabola syndromet hos barn och ungdomar, detta medför att det blir svårt att upptäcka vilka barn som ligger i risk att drabbas av syndromet. Därför är det viktigt att bedriva fortsatt forskning kring barnfetma och metabolt syndrom och vilken inverkan fysisk aktivitet har på syndromet.Introduction: The prevalence among children and adolescents obesity is increasing even though international organizations and governments are trying to alert the public about the risks of suffering from disease and that medical costs will increase for the community. The growing obesity epidemic is increasing the number of individuals with metabolic syndrome in the world. Key explanations for the emergence of the metabolic syndrome are a lack of physical activity together with high energy intake, faulty diet, stress and psychosocial factors. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome is high among children and adolescents with obesity and increasing in pace with the rate of obesity worsen. Due to difficulties in the treatment of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents, physical activity as prevention and continuing research is appropriate to the context. The aim of this study was to explore the connection there was between obesity and metabolic syndrome among children and adolescents, and describe how the metabolic syndrome are affected by interventions with physical activity. The method used for the study was a literature review and databases used for data collectionwas ISI, PubMed, Sience Direct and Scopus. The result showed that Children and adolescents with obesity have a higher risk of metabolic syndrome than normal weight children and adolescents. The overweight children and adolescents in the present study also had higher prevalence of each component of the metabolic syndrome. Physical activity led to a reduction of the metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents. Overweight children and adolescents with high fitness had a lower risk of metabolic syndrome than obese children and adolescents with low fitness. There was a difference between different types of exercise and its effect on the metabolic syndrome, in which time, intensity and load had a major impact on their metabolic risk factors. Implication: Today there is no agreed definition of the metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents; this entail that it will be difficult to detect which children are at risk of developing the syndrome. It is therefore important to pursue further research on childhood obesity and metabolic syndrome and the impact of physical activity

Sustainability is the goal : Sustainability reporting within swedish professional handball

Nowadays Swedish professional handball clubs carry out extensive sustainability work. In addition to engaging many people through the activities of the associations, they also contribute positively to society through external projects and activities. Despite the work being carried out, the clubs are not that involved in disclosing their work in a sustainability report. Sustainability reporting aims to report the organization's impact on sustainable development and is an expression of social responsibility. The study is based on the legitimacy theory and stakeholder theory's assumptions about expectations and interactions with society. The study is focused on clubs that are active in the top league of Swedish men’s handball, Handbollsligan. The purpose of this study is to understand the reasons why Swedish professional handball clubs do not report sustainability, even though the theories and previous studies point out many benefits to it. The study has been performed in a two steps approach, a document study was performed first and then interviews. The document study of the club’s annual reports has shown a poor disclosure of sustainability information. Subsequently, interviews with representatives of the clubs have been carried out in order to generate an understanding of why the clubs do not report their sustainability work. The study shows that none of the Swedish professional handball clubs have a sustainability report and have a lack of sustainability information in their annual report. The study highlights several reasons why the clubs do not have sustainability reports. It indicates that the clubs instead choose to communicate the sustainability work they perform via social media and through their websites. Other reason is a lack of knowledge of what a sustainability report is and contains, and the deficiency of the resources required for elaborating the report. Further the clubs also experience low expectations and demands from stakeholders regarding sustainability reporting. Norms within the field of activity and the culture within the clubs also form the basis for the lack of sustainability disclosure. The study's contribution is primarily a guidance and an increased understanding for the clubs within Swedish professional handball regarding sustainability reporting

Drama och rytmik på fritidshemmet - En Kvalitativ fallstudie

Huvudsyftet med denna undersökning var att undersöka hur estetisk verksamhet, i detta falletdrama och rytmik, i samband med fritidshemsstart kunde hjälpa barnen att utveckla sinförmåga till socialt samspel samt förändra det antagna sociala klimatet på fritidshemmet.Undersökningen är grundad på tankar från Lev Vygotskij (1978) och John Dewey (1938)men även flera svenska forskare som är aktiva inom ämnet. Vi har även genomfört enkvalitativ fallstudie bestående av sex dramapass med en grupp elever samt intervjuat derasordinarie pedagoger efteråt.Resultatet av undersökningen visar att ett socialt samspel, både elever emellan men ävenmellan elev och lärare, är väldigt viktigt för barnens utveckling samt för ett fungerandefritidshem. Dock fann vi inte några tydliga tecken på förändringar av klimatet påfritidshemmet i stort då vår undersökning var för kort och för osystematisk för att kunna genågra mätbara resultat. Vi har emellertid lyckats skönja några fördelar med att använda dramasom undervisningsmetod då drama kan ha potential att utveckla barnens sociala och kreativaförmågor på ett lustfyllt sätt