Quais as Perspectivas da Produção de Biodiesel de Mamona no Nordeste Brasileiro?

O objetivo desse artigo é analisar as condições necessárias para o desenvolvimento do PNPB (Programa Nacional de Produção e Uso do Biodiesel) no nordeste brasileiro. A metodologia utilizada é essencialmente prospectiva, considerando o custo de oportunidade da produção de mamona para os agricultores familiares para avaliar como se comportam diante de variações de preço e produtividade da mamona, apontada como insumo mais adequado para o Biodiesel da região. Os resultados encontrados apontam para a necessidade de incrementos no nível de produtividade da cultura a fim de incentivar maior participação da agricultura tradicional. Há indícios de que uma média de produção próxima de 1ton/ha tornaria o plantio dessa oleaginosa viável para maior parte desses agricultores, contudo um acréscimo um pouco maior se faz necessário para tornar o biodiesel de mamona mais competitivo frente ao derivado de óleo de soja, assinalado como o mais apropriado para atender o programa no âmbito nacional.-----------The aim of this article is to analyze the necessary conditions for the development of the Programa Nacional de Produção e Uso de Biodiesel - PNPB in Brazilian Northeast. The methodology consider the opportunity cost of castor beans production for family farmers to assess how they react to variations in price and productivity of castor beans, identified as the most appropriate input to biodiesel in this region. Results show the need for increases in productivity in order to encourage greater participation of traditional farmers in the semi-arid. There is evidence that an average production close to one ton/ha turn production of castor beans viable for most of these farmers, however a higher increased is necessary to make biodiesel from castor beans competitive in relation to biodiesel obtained from soybeans, pointed as the most appropriate to meet the program at the national level.Mamona, Biodiesel, Produtividade, Agricultura familiar, viabilidade econômica, Castor beans, Biodiesel, Yield, Family agriculture, economic viability, Crop Production/Industries, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,

Teaching of Ordinary Differential Equations Using the Assumptions of the PBL Method

Mathematics is of fundamental importance to any natural sciences program (because it provides analytical and approximate results that can be simulated and modeled) and perhaps to other areas of human knowledge. Ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are especially of fundamental importance to engineering programs because the modeling of all phenomena of interest for these programs involves ODE solutions; at the same time, students experience difficulties when learning ODEs and about their applications to real physical scenarios. In this study, the problem-based learning method was used to study a group of mechanical engineering students at theSENAICIMATECUniversityCenter. The study analyzes the effectiveness of ODE instruction given through this program using the specified methodology. To consolidate the study, Conceptual Field Theory is used together with an evaluation of the results to observe student behaviors and attitudes in relation to actions arising from the method. At the end of the study, a questionnaire was completed by the students, with which they evaluated the effectiveness of the teaching methodology employed

Ecossocioeconomias na Encruzilhada do Antropoceno. Uma Perspectiva Sistêmica-Transdisciplinar

Focusing on the contemporary evidence about the worsening of the global crisis in the Anthropocene, this essay deals in a critical way with the epistemological and ethical foundations of the neoliberal worldview. To guide this assessment, the authors assume a transdisciplinary version of contemporary systems thinking and rescue the fertility of the ecosocioeconomy concept that emerged during the 1970´s in the midst of the ecopolitical debates around the ecodevelopment approach. Furthermore, they sketch a prospective scenario that hightights the urgent need of a new civilizatory project, in line with an ecocentric worldview and with a post-development perspective. The concluding remarks include references to experiments with a new, transgressive style of planetary ecopedagogy. Even though there is an unequal correlation of ongoing political-economic and sociocultural forces, we find this improbable but possible path of symbiotic reconnection between man and nature. Then it is reinterpreted eco-social-economic and eco-political principles, which begin to generate post-developmental emancipatory processes, gaining sharper contours.Sob o pano de fundo das evidências de agravamento da crise socioecológica global no novo cenário do Antropoceno, este ensaio oferece uma reflexão crítica sobre os fundamentos epistemológicos e ético-políticos da cosmovisão neoliberal. Esta reflexão é conduzida de uma perspectiva sistêmica-transdisciplinar e leva em conta uma reavaliação do potencial contido na noção de ecossocioeconomia, que emergiu no contexto dos debates pioneiros sobre o binômio ecologia & desenvolvimento na década de 1970. O texto alimenta uma reflexão de corte prospectivo sobre a possibilidade de um novo projeto civilizador com perfil pós-desenvolvimentista e ecocêntrico, a ser apoiado na difusão em larga escala de um novo estilo ecopedagógico: a ecoformação transdisciplinar. Ainda que haja uma correlação desigual de forças político-econômicas e socioculturais em curso, constatamos que esta via improvável, mas possível, de reconexão simbiótica entre homem e natureza, apoiada em princípios ecossocieconômicos e ecopolíticos ressignificados, começa a gerar processos emancipadores pós-desenvolvimentistas, ganhando contornos mais nítidos.Sob o pano de fundo das evidências de agravamento da crise socioecológica global no novo cenário do Antropoceno, este ensaio oferece uma reflexão crítica sobre os fundamentos epistemológicos e ético-políticos da cosmovisão neoliberal. Esta reflexão é conduzida de uma perspectiva sistêmica-transdisciplinar e leva em conta uma reavaliação do potencial contido na noção de ecossocioeconomia, que emergiu no contexto dos debates pioneiros sobre o binômio ecologia & desenvolvimento na década de 1970. O texto alimenta uma reflexão de corte prospectivo sobre a possibilidade de um novo projeto civilizador com perfil pós-desenvolvimentista e ecocêntrico, a ser apoiado na difusão em larga escala de um novo estilo ecopedagógico: a ecoformação transdisciplinar. Ainda que haja uma correlação desigual de forças político-econômicas e socioculturais em curso, constatamos que esta via improvável, mas possível, de reconexão simbiótica entre homem e natureza, apoiada em princípios ecossocieconômicos e ecopolíticos ressignificados, começa a gerar processos emancipadores pós-desenvolvimentistas, ganhando contornos mais nítidos

Instrumento multiprofesional para decanulación traqueal en adultos: validación de contenido

Introduction: Tracheal decannulation needs multiprofessional evaluation observing success predictor criteria. A validated instrument can increase the safety of the procedure, reduce the length of stay and ensure better quality of life. Objective: To develop and perform the content validity of a multiprofessional instrument for tracheal decannulation in adults. Method: Cross-sectional descriptive study, with 24 judges: doctors, physiotherapists, speech therapists and nurses. The instrument was developed and presented through an electronic form where the judges took their notes. The Content Validity Index by item (CVI-I) and total (CVI-T) were calculated to verify evidence of validation. In unverified items, adjustments were made pointed out by the judges and submitted to the new evaluation phase in order to obtain complete validation of the instrument. Results: First evaluation phase, the items: Identification, Ventilatory History, Vital Signs, Consciousness/Collaboration, Ventilatory Data, Opinion and Legend obtained CVI-I > 0.78, were considered validity. The items Muscular Performance and Speech and Swallowing did not obtain adequate validity CVI-I 0.67 and 0.17, respectively. Therefore, they were submitted to the second phase of evaluation. In this phase, these items were validated obtaining CVI-I=0.83 in the item Muscular Performance and CVI-I=1.0 in the item Speech and Swallowing. From the mean of CVI-I, the value CVI-T=0.9 was obtained, validity all the instrument. Conclusion: Multiprofessional instrument that can help in the process of tracheal decannulation in adults was developed and validity in content post two phases of evaluation by a group of expert judges in the area.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Prevalência de estresse em acadêmicos de medicina na cidade de Cacoal/RO / Prevalence of stress in medical students in the city of Cacoal/RO

Objetivo: A presente pesquisa teve o intuito de avaliar a prevalência de estresse e fatores associados em acadêmicos de medicina do ciclo básico da cidade de Cacoal – RO. Métodos: Estudo transversal não controlado. Foi utilizado o Inventário de Sintomas de Stress para Adultos de Lipp (ISSL), para identificação de sintomas de estresse e um questionário sociodemográfico. Resultados: Participaram deste estudo 181 acadêmicos do ciclo básico. Houve uma predominância do sexo feminino (54,1%), naturais de Rondônia (37%), solteiros (87,8%), com idade média de 23,5 anos e que residem sozinhos (56,9%). Encontrou-se uma prevalência de estresse de 42,5%, com maior predominância de sintomas psicológicos do que físicos, sendo que os alunos do sexo feminino apresentaram maiores níveis de estresse (46,9%) quando comparados aos do sexo masculino (37,3%). A mais alta prevalência de estresse foi observada no quarto período do curso (48,9%). Conclusões: Conclui-se que há um número significativo de acadêmicos de medicina em Cacoal que apresentam estresse, e entre estes há um predomínio da fase de resistência

Reasons and benefits associated with ISO 9001 - Certification for sugar and ethanol companies

With increasing business competitiveness, companies have sought to adapt their processes and / or products to worldwide established quality standards in order to achieve a greater share of consumers having as favorable aspect the quality assurance of the products and/or services provided. It was observed that companies of different sizes have different challenges regarding the certification however, the degree of difficulty is the same for all of them. The objective of this paper is to verify the reasons for the implementation of ISO 9001, the obstacles encountered during the implementation, the benefits arising from the use of the quality management system and the degree of difficulty to implement this standard. This work was developed based on a survey involving companies certified with ISO 9001:2008 from the productive sector of sugar, ethanol and derivatives of sugarcane, located in all Brazilian states. It was observed that companies of different sizes have different challenges regarding the certification however the degree of difficulty is the same for all of them. Thus, we believe that expected results represent a very important contribution to examining the reasons, benefits and difficulties of the ISO 9001 to both, the companies and certification bodies, and to researchers.CAPES Foundation, (Process PE024/2008), the FAPEMIG Foundation (Processes: T EC-PPM-00520/13 and TEC-PPM-000 58-13) and the CNPq (Processes: 2 49160/2013-7, 310660/ 2012-2, 401082/2 014-8 and 478509/2012-

Reasons, benefits and difficulties associated with ISO 9001 certification for sugar and ethanol companies

Purpose: With increasing business competitiveness, companies have sought to adapt their processes and / or products to worldwide established quality standards in order to achieve a greater share of consumers having as favorable aspect the quality assurance of the products and/or services provided. It was observed that companies of different sizes have different challenges regarding the certification however, the degree of difficulty is the same for all of them. The objective of this paper is to verify the reasons for the implementation of ISO 9001, the obstacles encountered during the implementation, the benefits arising from the use of the quality management system and the degree of difficulty to implement this standard. Design/methodology/approach: This work was developed based on a survey involving companies certified with ISO 9001:2008 from the productive sector of sugar, ethanol and derivatives of sugarcane, located in all Brazilian states. Findings: It was observed that companies of different sizes have different challenges regarding the certification however the degree of difficulty is the same for all of them. Originality/value: Thus, we believe that expected results represent a very important contribution to examining the reasons, benefits and difficulties of the ISO 9001 to both, the companies and certification bodies, and to researchers

SAVONIUS MICRO WIND TURBINE: A THEORETICAL ANALYSIS

Currently, the energy sector is the main responsible for the emission of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Therefore, to reverse this scenario, it is necessary to expand the use of renewable energy sources, such as wind energy. With that, the search for improving efficiency in wind turbines that work with low speed winds, make the Savonius turbine an advantageous option for presenting characteristics of low construction cost. This study aims to theoretically analyze a single model of vertical axis wind micro turbine using artificial wind. The wind power for 2 stages in this project was 0.063 W, as the power variation in relation to rotation is not linear. Another important factor to consider is that the overlap ratio of 30% collaborates a power reduction. Using the mathematical models, some results were theoretically analyzed through the Savonius turbine with central axis. The literature indicates that the most efficient turbine is a two-stage turbine with helical blades and without a central axis

Correlates of neuropsychiatric and motor tests with language assessment in patients with Lewy body dementia

Background: Lewy body dementia (LBD) impairs performance in daily activities and affects motor, language and visuospatial tasks. Objective: We aimed to correlate neuropsychiatric and motor assessments with language and visual organization tests in LBD. Methods: Twenty-two patients with dementia with Lewy bodies and ten patients with Parkinson’s disease dementia participated on a cross-sectional study that assessed cognition, functionality, caregiver burden, verbal fluency, the primer-level dictation section of the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination (PLD-BDAE), the Hooper Visual Organization Test, the Neuropsychiatric Inventory and the Movement Disorder Society – Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale. Results: Language and visuospatial test results followed motor impairment and general cognitive performance. Whereas visual organization did not predict performance in the PLD-BDAE, visuospatial abilities and verbal fluency were concurrently associated, suggesting that linguistic impairment in LBD may be attributed to neuropsychological components of cognition and language. Only visual organization was associated with behaviour, suggesting that neuropsychiatric symptoms associate with differential impairment of visual organization in comparison with language in LBD. Schooling did not affect visual organization or language test performance, while the length of dementia was negatively associated with visual organization and verbal fluency. Discussion: Though visual organization tests follow behaviour and motor performance in LBD, there is differential impairment regarding language skills

Good Living: rethinking the creation of a new lifestyle in the post-Covid-19 age

De forma inesperada, a nova pandemia do Covid-19 veio se somar às múltiplas síndromes interdependentes que configuram o agravamento acelerado da crise socioecológica global. Uma de suas características mais marcantes tem a ver com o fato de estar contribuindo para sinalizar a necessidade de revisões mais ou menos drásticas de modos de vida sancionados em praticamente todas as latitudes. Ao que tudo indica, as incertezas assim geradas abrem espaço para novos desenhos civilizatórios quase meio século após a realização da Conferência de Estocolmo. Os impactos previsíveis nas lógicas dominantes de regulação dos sistemas econômicos e político-institucionais representam um vetor decisivo que aponta nesta direção. Levando em conta este novo e inquietante perfil da crise global, objetiva-se analisar o potencial contido no enfoque “pós-desenvolvimento-ecocêntrico” do Bem Viver, tendo em vista uma tomada de posição renovada no debate ecopolítico mais recente – agora da perspectiva das novas linhas de reflexão que surgiram com a irrupção da pandemia do Covid-19. Explora-se o potencial criativo contido nesta controvertida noção à luz das contribuições seminais de Manfred Max-Neef sobre desenvolvimento à escala humana, e de Karl William Kapp e Ignacy Sachs sobre ecossocioeconomias. A intenção é balizar, de forma ensaísta, a elaboração de uma nova linha de reflexão acadêmica sobre os limites cognitivos e ético-políticos do pensamento neoliberal hegemônico, frente aos indícios cada vez mais inquietantes de comprometimento mais ou menos irreversível do metabolismo do Sistema-Terra.Unexpectedly the new Covid-19’s Pandemic has joined to the multiple interdependent syndromes which configure the accelerated worsening of the global socio-ecological crisis. This suggests the necessity to drastically review the lifestyle in practically all latitudes of the world. The uncertainties generated new civilizing designs almost half a century after the Stockholm Conference. The predictable impacts on the dominant regulation logic of economic and political-institutional systems represent a decisive vector that points in this direction. From this new and disturbing profile of the global crisis, the objective is to analyze the potential contained in the “post-development ecocentric” Good Living’s approach to take a renewed position in the most recent ecopolitical debate - now from the perspective of new lines of reflection that emerged with the outbreak of the Covid-19’s Pandemic. It uses an essay based on a descriptive stage with a literature review and critical theoretical analysis established on the interface and the post-development proposal of Good Living itself overall using the human-scale development thesis of Manfred Max-Neef and the eco-socioeconomics thesis by Karl William Kapp and Ignacy Sachs. The intention is to create a new line of academic reflection on the cognitive and ethical-political limits of the hegemonic neoliberal ideological thought in face of the increasingly disturbing signs of almost irreversible impairment of the System-Earth