Proyecto "Extended Learning Time" : contribuyendo a generar vocaciones científicas en contextos en riesgo de exclusión social

El proyecto trata de acercar la ciencia a colectivos habitualmente más alejados a entornos científicos y técnicos, específicamente minorías étnicas, inmigrantes y chicas. Se implementó la actuación educativa de éxito extensión del tiempo de aprendizaje, que supone ampliar los espacios de aprendizaje al alumnado más allá del propio horario lectivo, ofreciendo actividades educativas de calidad que contribuyen a una mejor formación. Se seleccionaron centros educativos en alto riesgo de exclusión social. Se diseñó y ofreció una formación científica actualizada respecto la evolución humana, paleoecología y el concepto de naturaleza de la ciencia, poniendo en contacto el método y la práctica investigadora. Esta formación ha resultado una plataforma para acercar la ciencia y las vocaciones científicas a colectivos tradicionalmente más alejados de la misma

Peritumoral immune infiltrates in primary tumours are not associated with the presence of axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer: a retrospective cohort study

Background. The axillary lymph nodes (ALNs) in breast cancer patients are the body regions to where tumoral cells most often first disseminate. The tumour immune response is important for breast cancer patient outcome, and some studies have evaluated its involvement in ALN metastasis development. Most studies have focused on the intratumoral immune response, but very few have evaluated the peritumoral immune response. The aim of the present article is to evaluate the immune infiltrates of the peritumoral area and their association with the presence of ALN metastases. Methods. The concentration of 11 immune markers in the peritumoral areas was studied in 149 patients diagnosed with invasive breast carcinoma of no special type (half of whom had ALN metastasis at diagnosis) using tissue microarrays, immunohistochemistry and digital image analysis procedures. The differences in the concentration of the immune response of peritumoral areas between patients diagnosed with and without metastasis in their ALNs were evaluated. A multivariate logistic regression model was developed to identify the clinical-pathological variables and the peritumoral immune markers independently associated with having or not having ALN metastases at diagnosis. Results. No statistically significant differences were found in the concentrations of the 11 immune markers between patients diagnosed with or without ALN metastases. Patients with metastases in their ALNs had a higher histological grade, more lymphovascular and perineural invasion and larger-diameter tumours. The multivariate analysis, after validation by bootstrap simulation, revealed that only tumour diameter (OR = 1.04; 95% CI [1.00-1.07]; p = 0.026), lymphovascular invasion (OR = 25.42; 95% CI [9.57-67.55]; p<0.001) and histological grades 2 (OR = 3.84; 95% CI [1.11-13.28]; p = 0.033) and 3 (OR = 5.18; 95% CI [1.40-19.17]; p = 0.014) were associated with the presence of ALN metastases at diagnosis. This study is one of the first to study the association of the peritumoral immune response with ALN metastasis. We did not find any association of peritumoral immune infiltrates with the presence of ALN metastasis. Nevertheless, this does not rule out the possibility that other peritumoral immune populations are associated with ALN metastasis. This matter needs to be examined in greater depth, broadening the types of peritumoral immune cells studied, and including new peritumoral areas, such as the germinal centres of the peritumoral tertiary lymphoid structures found in extensively infiltrated neoplastic lesions

Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease with a Mediterranean diet supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil or nuts

BACKGROUND: Observational cohort studies and a secondary prevention trial have shown inverse associations between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and cardiovascular risk. METHODS: In a multicenter trial in Spain, we assigned 7447 participants (55 to 80 years of age, 57% women) who were at high cardiovascular risk, but with no cardiovascular disease at enrollment, to one of three diets: a Mediterranean diet supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil, a Mediterranean diet supplemented with mixed nuts, or a control diet (advice to reduce dietary fat). Participants received quarterly educational sessions and, depending on group assignment, free provision of extra-virgin olive oil, mixed nuts, or small nonfood gifts. The primary end point was a major cardiovascular event (myocardial infarction, stroke, or death from cardiovascular causes). After a median follow-up of 4.8 years, the trial was stopped on the basis of a prespecified interim analysis. In 2013, we reported the results for the primary end point in the Journal. We subsequently identified protocol deviations, including enrollment of household members without randomization, assignment to a study group without randomization of some participants at 1 of 11 study sites, and apparent inconsistent use of randomization tables at another site. We have withdrawn our previously published report and now report revised effect estimates based on analyses that do not rely exclusively on the assumption that all the participants were randomly assigned. RESULTS: A primary end-point event occurred in 288 participants; there were 96 events in the group assigned to a Mediterranean diet with extra-virgin olive oil (3.8%), 83 in the group assigned to a Mediterranean diet with nuts (3.4%), and 109 in the control group (4.4%). In the intention-to-treat analysis including all the participants and adjusting for baseline characteristics and propensity scores, the hazard ratio was 0.69 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.53 to 0.91) for a Mediterranean diet with extra-virgin olive oil and 0.72 (95% CI, 0.54 to 0.95) for a Mediterranean diet with nuts, as compared with the control diet. Results were similar after the omission of 1588 participants whose study-group assignments were known or suspected to have departed from the protocol. CONCLUSIONS: In this study involving persons at high cardiovascular risk, the incidence of major cardiovascular events was lower among those assigned to a Mediterranean diet supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil or nuts than among those assigned to a reduced-fat diet. (Funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spanish Ministry of Health, and others; Current Controlled Trials number, ISRCTN35739639 .)

Micromobility and municipal regulatory changes : the case of eCooltra

Treball de Fi de Grau en Ciències Empresarials - Management. Curs 2019-2020Treball de Fi de Grau en Estudis Internacionals d'Economia i Empresa. Curs 2019-2020Tutor: Jordi Marín PuigpelatMicromobility represents an important development in shared urban mobility. However, as happens with every disruptive economic activity, regulators find themselves with the urgent need of establishing a legal framework that balances the interests of operating companies and the needs of users while protecting the citizens. This is what eCooltra is experiencing nowadays. The firm, whose activities are carried out in Barcelona and Milan, among other European cities, is seeing how it is subject to a licensing scheme in Barcelona while it finds itself with a more beneficial legal environment in Milan. These realities, and the evolution of the processes deriving from them, will impact the firm’s business plan in several parts. The main objective of this study is to understand how these regulatory environments affect the firm and what impact do they represent to key areas of its business plan. Lastly, recommendations are drawn for the firm in order to respond to the environment challenges

Aula de innovación educativa

Resumen basado en el de la publicaciónSe presenta la propuesta didáctica «Absorción del agua» fundamentada en la metodología del aprendizaje basado en la indagación. La peculiaridad de esta actividad radica en que se han diseñado adaptaciones específicas para que la misma actividad pueda ser implementada en los cursos escolares que van desde el último de educación infantil a 6.o de primaria.Biblioteca del Ministerio de Educación y Formación Profesional; Calle San Agustín, 5 - 3 Planta; 28014 Madrid; Tel. +34917748000; [email protected]

Out of school learning scientific workshops: Stimulating institutionalized Adolescents' educational aspirationsd

Numerous studies show the low academic levels of adolescents who are institutionalized in residential care facilities. Few adolescents who are or have been institutionalized in residential care are able to obtain a higher education degree, limiting their chances for a higher level of well-being and quality of life. The presence of this social group in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) disciplines is extremely low. This article shows the results of research that reveals the impact of a successful educational action, such as extending learning time for institutionalized adolescents who live in residential care. Extended learning time activities, in out of school program, were conducted as scientific workshops and facilitated by university professors and researchers from different scientific disciplines. Data showed an improvement in adolescents' content knowledge, educational aspirations and scientific vocations. Those experiences modified participants' perceptions of their academic and professional expectations, transforming their vision of their future. This research was conducted using a communicative methodology with 12 adolescents from 12 to 17 years old who lived in residential care

Proyecto "Extended Learning Time" : contribuyendo a generar vocaciones científicas en contextos en riesgo de exclusión social

El proyecto trata de acercar la ciencia a colectivos habitualmente más alejados a entornos científicos y técnicos, específicamente minorías étnicas, inmigrantes y chicas. Se implementó la actuación educativa de éxito extensión del tiempo de aprendizaje, que supone ampliar los espacios de aprendizaje al alumnado más allá del propio horario lectivo, ofreciendo actividades educativas de calidad que contribuyen a una mejor formación. Se seleccionaron centros educativos en alto riesgo de exclusión social. Se diseñó y ofreció una formación científica actualizada respecto la evolución humana, paleoecología y el concepto de naturaleza de la ciencia, poniendo en contacto el método y la práctica investigadora. Esta formación ha resultado una plataforma para acercar la ciencia y las vocaciones científicas a colectivos tradicionalmente más alejados de la misma

Predictive capacity of the ELF® score to identify clinical events during follow-up usingcryopreserved samples according to HCV-antiviral treatment response (n = 191).

<p>Data of number of events (E) and patients at risk (R) in every 3 years time period.</p