Floristic and Structure of a terra firme forest located in Iratapuru River Sustainable Development Reserve, Amapá State, Eastern Amazon, Brazil

O estado do Amapá dispõe de cerca de 98% de suas florestas intactas, além de uma alta diversidade de fitofisionomias e espécies ainda desconhecidas pela ciência. A Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Rio Iratapuru é uma unidade de conservação estadual que abriga uma população com práticas extrativistas. O presente estudo objetivou conhecer e registrar a florística e a estrutura de parte da flora arbórea da RDS. Foram delimitadas 11 parcelas de 10x100 m próximas às margens do Rio Jari (53º06'24” W e 00º16'35” N) e inventariados todos os indivíduos com DAP a partir de 10 cm, medido a 1,30 m de altura. Do total de 623 indivíduos inventariados, foram identificadas 101 espécies em 32 famílias, com densidade total (DT) de 566,36 indivíduos ha-1 e área basal total de 36,192 m2.ha-1. A área apresentou uma acentuada capacidade regenerativa, com a maioria dos indivíduos presentes nas menores classes diamétricas. Especialistas locais inseriram as espécies inventariadas em diversas categorias de uso, que, aliadas aos resultados fitossociológicos, podem fornecer importantes indicadores sobre como utilizar de forma sustentável os recursos vegetais locais.Palavras-chave: Fitofisionomia do Amapá; fitossociologia; floresta tropical. AbstractFloristic and Structure of a terra firme forest located in Iratapuru River Sustainable Development Reserve, Amapá State, Eastern Amazon, Brazil. The State of Amapá has 98% of its native forests intact, a high diversity of phytophysionomies and species that still remains unknown to science. The Iratapuru River Sustainable Development Reserve (SDR) is a state conservation unit, which maintains a population of extractive practices. The present study aims to know and record the floristic and structure of part of the tree species of the SDR. Eleven plots of 10x100 meters were delimited in the area next to the banks of the River Jari (53° 06'24 "W and 00° 16'35" N) and inventoried all trees with diameters from 10 cm measured at 1.30 m. A total of 623 individuals trees was identified, 101 species in 32 families were gathered, with total density (TD) of 566.36 individuals/ha, total basal area of 36,192 m2/ha; The area had a marked regenerative capacity with the majority of the individuals represented on smaller diameter classes. Local experts provided various categories of use to the inventoried species, that combined with phytossociological results can provide important indicators on how to use sustainably the local plant resources.Keywords: Vegetation type of Amapá; phytosociology; forest; tropical forest.The State of Amapá has 98% of its native forests intact, a high diversity of phytophysionomies and species that still remains unknown to science. The Iratapuru River Sustainable Development Reserve (SDR) is a state conservation unit, which maintains a population of extractive practices. The present study aims to know and record the floristic and structure of part of the tree species of the SDR. Eleven plots of 10x100 meters were delimited in the area next to the banks of the River Jari (53° 06'24 "W and 00° 16'35" N) and inventoried all trees with diameters from 10 cm measured at 1.30 m. A total of 623 individuals trees was identified, 101 species in 32 families were gathered, with total density (TD) of 566.36 individuals/ha, total basal area of 36,192 m2/ha; The area had a marked regenerative capacity with the majority of the individuals represented on smaller diameter classes. Local experts provided various categories of use to the inventoried species, that combined with phytossociological results can provide important indicators on how to use sustainably the local plant resources

Educar para o mundo: experiência extensionista popular para direitos humanos e migrações

Educar para o Mundo is a collective work aimed at rethinking how the area of International Relations could be studied and acted upon, especially regarding the academic outreach initiatives in the area. It is mostly inspired by authors that think critically about how the academic area relates with the society it belongs to. Following the work of Paulo Freire, we decided to go beyond the classrooms to actively work with the reality lived by Latin-American immigrants in the city of São Paulo. We have begun our work in a public school whose student body includes a significant number of Bolivian-origin children and faced many difficulties in dealing with this group. After years of a proficuous relationship, albeit difficult and demanding, we realised that the traditional educational model presented more barriers than pathways to expand our work with migrant groups and opted to strengthen our presence in public spaces and together with organized migrant social movements. We understand that dialog with active interlocutors offers great chances of doing a communicative outreach work. This article presents our main results in our six years of existence and debates opportunities for popular outreach in the area of International Relations.A proposta do Educar para o Mundo é repensar a forma como se estuda e se atua na área de Relações Internacionais, especialmente nos projetos de extensão da área, inspirados em autores que pensam criticamente sobre a forma como a área acadêmica se relaciona com a sociedade à qual pertence. A exemplo de Paulo Freire, decidimos ir além da sala de aula para nos inserirmos na realidade dos imigrantes latino-americanos em São Paulo. Iniciamos nosso trabalho em uma escola pública que abrigava uma porcentagem significativa de crianças bolivianas e que tinha uma dificuldade considerável em lidar com este grupo. Após anos de uma relação profícua, porém difícil e desgastante, percebemos que o modelo de escola tradicional com que trabalhávamos oferecia mais barreiras do que novos caminhos para expandir nossa atuação com os migrantes e optamos por fortalecer nossa presença nos espaços públicos e junto aos movimentos organizados de imigrantes. Entendemos que o diálogo com interlocutores ativos e dispostos oferece grandes possibilidades de realizar o trabalho de extensão comunicativa popular. Este artigo apresenta os principais resultados alcançados por nosso coletivo em seus seis anos de existência e debate os caminhos da extensão popular para a área de Relações Internacionais

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Estudo da morfologia e função cardíacas nos pacientes em hemodiálise com e sem diurese residual

Background: In patients with chronic renal disease (CRD) on hemodialysis (HD), left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is related to the increase in total peripheral vascular resistance (TPVR) and volume overload. The presence of residual diuresis (RD) enables greater control of these patients blood volume. Methodos: We evaluated the morpho-functional changes of the left ventricle (LV) in patients with CRD on HD with and without residual diuresis. Results: A total of 31 patients were divided into two groups using data from a Doppler echocardiogram: those with residual diuresis (G1) (n=17) and those without residual diuresis (G2) (n=14). In both groups, G1 vs. G2, differences in the cardiac index occurred (3.9 ± 0.20 vs. 3.0 ± 0.21 l/min/m2; p = 0.0056), systolic index (54 ± 2.9 vs. 45 ± 3.3 ml/b/m2; p = 0.04), end diastolic volume (141 ± 6.7 vs. 112 ± 7.6 ml; p = 0.008), end diastolic diameter (52 ± 0.79 vs. 48 ± 1.12 mm; p = 0.0072) and TPVR (1121 ± 56 vs. 1529 ± 111 dyne.seg.cm-5; p = 0.001 ). G1 had lower relative wall thickness than G2 (0.38 ± 0.01 vs. 0.45 ± 0.01; p = 0.0008). The ejection fraction (66.00 ± 1.24 vs. 66.0 ± 1.46%; p = 0.873) and the left ventricular mass index (132 ± 6.0 vs. 130 ± 8.3 g/m; p = 0.798) were similar in both groups. The urinary 24-hour volume correlated with relative wall thickness (r = -0.42; p = 0.0186) and with TPVR (r = -0.48; p = 0.0059). Conclusion: Distinct ventricular geometric patterns existed and were determined using the different RWT and TPVR in the groups with and without residual dieresis.Mestre em Ciências da SaúdeIntrodução: A hipertrofia ventricular esquerda (HVE) está relacionada com o aumento da resistência vascular periférica total (RVPT) e com a sobrecarga de volume intravascular em pacientes portadores de doença renal crônica terminal (DRCT) em hemodiálise (HD). Pacientes com DRCT em diálise podem apresentar função renal residual (FRR) com diurese variável, reduzindo, assim a sobrecarga de volume imposta ao ventrículo esquerdo (VE). Objetivo: Avaliar as alterações morfológicas e funcionais do ventrículo esquerdo (VE) em pacientes com DRCT em HD, com e sem diurese residual. Pacientes e Métodos: Foram avaliados 31 pacientes ao ecodopplercardiograma transtorácico, sendo estes distribuídos em dois grupos: com diurese residual (G1) (n=17) e sem diurese residual (G2) (n=14). Foram estudados parâmetros ecodoppler-cardiográficos para definir a morfologia e função cardíaca assim como: Espessura Relativa de Parede (ERP), Diâmetro Diastólico final do VE (Dd), Índice de Massa Ventricular Esquerda (iMVE), Índice Cardíaco (IC), Índice Sistólico (IS), Volume Diastólico final do VE (VDf), Fração de Ejeção (FE), além da Resistência Vascular Periférica Total (RVPT). Resultados: Pacientes do grupo G1 apresentaram menor ERP do VE, em relação ao grupo G2 (0.38 + 0.01 x 0.45 + 0.01; p=0.0008). Quando comparamos os dois grupos G1 e G2, ocorreram também diferenças significativas quanto ao IC (3.9 + 0.20 x 3.0 + 0.21 l/min/m2; p=0.0056), IS (54 + 2.9 x 45 + 3.3 ml/b/m2; p=0.0403), VDf (141 + 6.7 x 112 + 7.6 ml; p=0.016), Dd final do VE (51.8 + 0.79 x 47.9 + 1.12 mm; p= 0.0072) e RVPT (1121 ± 56 x 1529 ± 111 dyne.seg.cm-5; p = 0.0017), sem contudo apresentar diferença na FE (66.00 + 1.24 x 66.0 + 1.46 %; p= 0.873) e no iMVE (132 + 6.0 x 130 + 8.3 g/m; p=0.798). Houve correlação negativa e significante entre o Volume Urinário de 24h e ERP (r = - 0.42; p= 0.0186) e entre o Volume Urinário de 24h e RVPT (r = - 0.48; p= 0.0059). Conclusão: Nossos achados mostraram que a presença da diurese residual pode ser um fator importante na determinação da morfologia e função cardíacas nos pacientes portadores de Doença Renal Crônica Terminal em tratamento hemodialítico

Ecoescleroterapia com microespuma em varizes tronculares primárias Microfoam ultrasound-guided sclerotherapy in primary trunk varicose veins

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o tratamento de varizes tronculares primárias por ecoescleroterapia com microespuma. MÉTODOS: A amostra foi constituída de 25 membros de seis pacientes do sexo masculino e 19 do sexo feminino, com incompetência das veias safenas magna (21 membros) ou parva (quatro membros). Eles foram avaliados de acordo com a classificação clínica, etiológica, anatômica e fisiopatológica (CEAP) e classificados nos graus C³ (10 membros), C4 (seis membros), C5 (cinco membros) e C6 (quatro membros). A microespuma (5 ml), preparada pela mistura de 1 ml de polidocanol a 3% e 5 ml de ar, era injetada na veia do paciente, em posição de Trendelenburg, com monitoração por ultra-sonografia com Doppler colorido. Os membros eram enfaixados com atadura inelástica por 3 dias; depois disso, os pacientes usavam meias elásticas, 30-40 mmHg, 3/4 ou 7/8, durante 3 meses. A eficiência do tratamento foi avaliada pelo escore clínico da classificação CEAP para dor, edema e claudicação e pelas alterações ultra-sonográficas 12 meses depois. Os escores clínicos antes e depois do tratamento foram comparados pelo teste de Wilcoxon. RESULTADOS: Houve diminuição significante nos escores clínicos (P < 0,05) e sucesso terapêutico, com oclusão total e recanalização parcial sem refluxo, em 84% dos casos. Do total, 16% dos casos apresentaram recanalização parcial, com refluxo, ou recanalização completa. CONCLUSÃO: A ecoescleroterapia, método simples, de baixo custo, que dispensa internação e anestesia, mostrou ser promissora no tratamento de varizes tronculares primárias

FLORÍSTICA E ESTRUTURA DE UMA MATA DE TERRA FIRME NA RESERVA DE DESENVOLVIMENTO SUSTENTÁVEL RIO IRATAPURU, AMAPÁ, AMAZÔNIA ORIENTAL, BRASIL

The State of Amapá has 98% of its native forests intact, a high diversity of phytophysionomies and species that still remains unknown to science. The Iratapuru River Sustainable Development Reserve (SDR) is a state conservation unit, which maintains a population of extractive practices. The present study aims to know and record the floristic and structure of part of the tree species of the SDR. Eleven plots of 10x100 meters were delimited in the area next to the banks of the River Jari (53° 06'24 "W and 00° 16'35" N) and inventoried all trees with diameters from 10 cm measured at 1.30 m. A total of 623 individuals trees was identified, 101 species in 32 families were gathered, with total density (TD) of 566.36 individuals/ha, total basal area of 36,192 m2/ha; The area had a marked regenerative capacity with the majority of the individuals represented on smaller diameter classes. Local experts provided various categories of use to the inventoried species, that combined with phytossociological results can provide important indicators on how to use sustainably the local plant resources.O estado do Amapá dispõe de cerca de 98% de suas florestas intactas, além de uma alta diversidade de fitofisionomias e espécies ainda desconhecidas pela ciência. A Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Rio Iratapuru é uma unidade de conservação estadual que abriga uma população com práticas extrativistas. O presente estudo objetivou conhecer e registrar a florística e a estrutura de parte da flora arbórea da RDS. Foram delimitadas 11 parcelas de 10x100 m próximas às margens do Rio Jari (53º06'24” W e 00º16'35” N) e inventariados todos os indivíduos com DAP a partir de 10 cm, medido a 1,30 m de altura. Do total de 623 indivíduos inventariados, foram identificadas 101 espécies em 32 famílias, com densidade total (DT) de 566,36 indivíduos ha-1 e área basal total de 36,192 m2.ha-1. A área apresentou uma acentuada capacidade regenerativa, com a maioria dos indivíduos presentes nas menores classes diamétricas. Especialistas locais inseriram as espécies inventariadas em diversas categorias de uso, que, aliadas aos resultados fitossociológicos, podem fornecer importantes indicadores sobre como utilizar de forma sustentável os recursos vegetais locais.Palavras-chave: Fitofisionomia do Amapá; fitossociologia; floresta tropical. AbstractFloristic and Structure of a terra firme forest located in Iratapuru River Sustainable Development Reserve, Amapá State, Eastern Amazon, Brazil. The State of Amapá has 98% of its native forests intact, a high diversity of phytophysionomies and species that still remains unknown to science. The Iratapuru River Sustainable Development Reserve (SDR) is a state conservation unit, which maintains a population of extractive practices. The present study aims to know and record the floristic and structure of part of the tree species of the SDR. Eleven plots of 10x100 meters were delimited in the area next to the banks of the River Jari (53° 06'24 "W and 00° 16'35" N) and inventoried all trees with diameters from 10 cm measured at 1.30 m. A total of 623 individuals trees was identified, 101 species in 32 families were gathered, with total density (TD) of 566.36 individuals/ha, total basal area of 36,192 m2/ha; The area had a marked regenerative capacity with the majority of the individuals represented on smaller diameter classes. Local experts provided various categories of use to the inventoried species, that combined with phytossociological results can provide important indicators on how to use sustainably the local plant resources.Keywords: Vegetation type of Amapá; phytosociology; forest; tropical forest