Counselor Formation and Gatekeeping Best Practices

Counselor educators and supervisors contribute to students’ development while determining fitness for the profession. How we intervene can either help students work through internal conflicts that prevent them from embracing professional skills and dispositions or undermine that process. Facilitators will interactively engage participants in the application of a developmental framework that maximizes students’ dissonance in service to their counselor identity development process

Identidad taxonómica de Sarcocornia fruticosa y S. hispanica en la Península Ibérica

The recent description of Sarcocornia hispanica, from SE Iberian Peninsula evidences the notable morphological complexity of this genus. This species is quite close to S. fruticosa, as they both show an erect habit and lack of rooting stems. Besides, S. fruticosa has been traditionally recorded for the same geographical area of S. hispanica. However, the original description of S. hispanica did not include any mention about these two taxa would live together and which ones are the differential morphological characters. Our study aims to clarify their main morphological differences and to address two questions. Firstly, if two close species would be coexisting or secondly, if both species would not live together and then only one erect shrubby species should be recognised for the southeastern peninsular. Therefore, a detailed morphological study of these two species was carried out using vegetative and reproductive characters together with SEM features. Based on the original description, the main morphological features of S. hispanica were compared, plus other features which would support their identification. Our data pointed out the existence of a marked overlapping for most of the studied characters independently of the geographical procedence of the samples. As a result, no significant morphological differences have been found between both taxa, and S. hispanica is proposed as a mere synonym of S. fruticosa.La reciente descripción de Sarcocornia hispanica, para el sureste de la península ibérica, evidencia la notable complejidad morfológica de este género. Esta especie es muy próxima a S. fruticosa, ya que ambas tienen el hábito erecto y carecen de ramas enraizantes. Además, S. fruticosa ha sido tradicionalmente citada para la misma área geográfica de S. hispanica. Sin embargo, en la descripción original de S. hispanica no se indica si ambos taxones conviven y tampoco se aportan los caracteres morfológicos que los diferencian. El presente trabajo se centra en clarificar sus principales diferencias morfológicas, y dar respuesta a dos posibles hipótesis. En primer lugar, si estas dos especies coexisten, o en segundo lugar, ambas especies no convivirían y solo una especie arbustivas de hábito erecto, se reconocerían para el sureste peninsular. Para ello, se ha realizado un estudio morfológico detallado de ambas especies basado en diferentes caracteres vegetativos y reproductivos, junto con características obtenidas con MEB. Se han comparado los principales caracteres morfológicos indicados en la descripción original de S. hispanica, así como otros caracteres que apoyen la identificación de ambos taxones. Los datos obtenidos indican que la mayor parte de las características analizadas están solapadas entre ambas especies con independencia de su procedencia geográfica. Por tanto, no se han encontrado diferencias morfológicas entre ambos taxones, y se propone a S. hispanica como un sinónimo de S. fruticosa.The work was partly supported by the projects ACIE10-01 and ACIE11-05 (University of Alicante)

The sequential analysis of transgressors’ accounts of breaking environmental laws

Three-hundred and twenty written accounts of environmental transgressors were assessed by sequential analysis to reveal their argument streams. The accounts were obtained from the written statements that transgressors are allowed to give during the Spanish administrative process and which were included in files handled by four environmental law enforcement agencies. These agencies are distributed across national, regional, island and municipality jurisdictions. The setting for the study is a highly protected environment in which environmental laws have high salience. Results reveal that transgressors use simple argument streams, consistently more defensive than conciliatory, and questioning the perceived legitimacy of environmental law. It was seen also that the empirical functioning of the explanations related to pursuing emotional/prosocial objectives differs from what was expected from the traditional conceptual definition. Results are discussed in terms of how the assessment of the internal dynamic of the accounts would provide valuable information on transgressors’ reasoning in relation to environmental laws.Se examinaron 320 explicaciones exculpatorias dadas por transgresores medioambientales para evaluar, mediante análisis secuencial, sus líneas argumentales. Las explicaciones se obtuvieron a partir de alegaciones que los transgresores pueden presentar por escrito a lo largo del proceso español de sanción administrativa y que estaban incluidas en expedientes tramitados por cuatro administraciones encargadas de aplicar las leyes medioambientales a nivel nacional, autonómico, insular y municipal. El contexto del estudio es un entorno protegido en el que las leyes medioambientales tienen una alta relevancia. Los resultados muestran que los transgresores usan secuencias argumentales simples, consistentemente más defensivas que conciliadoras, y que cuestionan la legitimidad de la ley medioambiental. Se observó también que, empíricamente, las explicaciones relacionadas con la consecución de objetivos emocionales/prosociales funcionan de manera diferente a la esperada según la definición conceptual clásica. Los resultados se discuten enfatizando cómo el análisis de la dinámica interna de las explicaciones proporciona información valiosa acerca del razonamiento de los transgresores respecto a las leyes medioambientales

Microstructural Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles for Bioimaging Applications

Junta de Andalucía FQM-6615, PI0070, FQM31

Estimating Lengths-Of-Stay of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients Using a Non-parametric Model: A Case Study in Galicia (Spain)

[Abstract:] Estimating the lengths-of-stay (LoS) of hospitalised COVID-19 patients is key for predicting the hospital beds’ demand and planning mitigation strategies, as overwhelming the healthcare systems has critical consequences for disease mortality. However, accurately mapping the time-to-event of hospital outcomes, such as the LoS in the intensive care unit (ICU), requires understanding patient trajectories while adjusting for covariates and observation bias, such as incomplete data. Standard methods, such as the Kaplan-Meier estimator, require prior assumptions that are untenable given current knowledge. Using real-time surveillance data from the first weeks of the COVID-19 epidemic in Galicia (Spain), we aimed to model the time-to-event and event probabilities of patients’ hospitalised, without parametric priors and adjusting for individual covariates. We applied a non-parametric mixture cure model and compared its performance in estimating hospital ward (HW)/ICU LoS to the performances of commonly used methods to estimate survival. We showed that the proposed model outperformed standard approaches, providing more accurate ICU and HW LoS estimates. Finally, we applied our model estimates to simulate COVID-19 hospital demand using a Monte Carlo algorithm. We provided evidence that adjusting for sex, generally overlooked in prediction models, together with age is key for accurately forecasting HW and ICU occupancy, as well as discharge or death outcomes.ALC was sponsored by the BEATRIZ GALINDO JUNIOR Spanish from MICINN (Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades) with reference BGP18/00154. ALC, MAJ and RC acknowledge partial support by the MINECO (Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad) Grant MTM2014-52876-R (EU ERDF support included) and the MICINN Grant MTM2017-82724-R (EU ERDF support included) and partial support of Xunta de Galicia (Centro Singular de Investigación de Galicia accreditation ED431G 2019/01 and Grupos de Referencia Competitiva ED431C-2020-14 and ED431C2016-015) and the European Union (European Regional Development Fund - ERDF). PMD is a current recipient of the Grant of Excellence for postdoctoral studies by the Ramón Areces FoundationXunta de Galicia; ED431G 2019/01Xunta de Galicia; ED431C 2020/14Xunta de Galicia; ED431C 2016/01

Bicultural Competence and the Latino 2.5 Generation: The Acculturative Advantages and Challenges of Having One Foreign-Born and One U.S.-Born Parent

The 2.5 generation refers to individuals who have one parent born in the United States and one born in another country. The presence of both native-born and foreign-born parents has the potential to enhance bicultural adaptation. Across two studies with Latino young adults, we examine the extent to which the 2.5 generation is distinct from members of other generations with regard to cultural orientation, acculturative stress, and parent ethnic socialization. Results suggest that the 2.5-generation individuals report greater native cultural orientation, ethnic identity, and parental socialization compared with third-generation individuals, along with greater American orientation than first-generation individuals. The 2.5 generation also reports less language use and more acculturative stress due to Spanish competency pressures than firstand second-generation individuals. These results demonstrate that the 2.5-generation individuals may have some bicultural advantages compared with third-generation individuals; however, they may also experience similar challenges with regard to language maintenance

Bicultural Competence and the Latino 2.5 Generation: The Acculturative Advantages and Challenges of Having One Foreign-Born and One U.S.-Born Parent

The 2.5 generation refers to individuals who have one parent born in the United States and one born in another country. The presence of both native-born and foreign-born parents has the potential to enhance bicultural adaptation. Across two studies with Latino young adults, we examine the extent to which the 2.5 generation is distinct from members of other generations with regard to cultural orientation, acculturative stress, and parent ethnic socialization. Results suggest that the 2.5-generation individuals report greater native cultural orientation, ethnic identity, and parental socialization compared with third-generation individuals, along with greater American orientation than first-generation individuals. The 2.5 generation also reports less language use and more acculturative stress due to Spanish competency pressures than firstand second-generation individuals. These results demonstrate that the 2.5-generation individuals may have some bicultural advantages compared with third-generation individuals; however, they may also experience similar challenges with regard to language maintenance

Severe outbreaks of strawberry crown and root charcoal rot caused by Macrophomina phaseolina in Tucumán, Argentina = Ataques severos de podredumbre carbonosa de corona y raíz en frutilla causada por Macrophomina phaseolina en Tucumán, Argentina

Tucumán province is one of the most important strawberries growers in Argentina. The strawberry crown and root charcoal rot is a soilborne disease caused by the fungus Macrophomina phaseolina. This disease is spread worldwide and M. phaseolina one of the most economically important fungal pathogens. The objective of this study was to determine the susceptibility of different strawberry cultivars to M. phaseolina under field conditions. The evaluation was carried out at INTA-Famaillá in Tucumán, Argentina. Fresh-dug strawberry plants form cultivars ‘Macarena’, ‘Treasure’, ‘Pájaro’, ‘Ruby Gem’, ‘Carmela’, ‘Camino Real’, ‘Albion’, ‘Ventana’, ‘Camarosa’ and ‘Palomar’ were evaluated. All evaluated plants showed decline and death but the pathogens isolated differed among cultivars. Fusarium oxysporum was co-isolated with M. phaseolina in ‘Camarosa’, ‘Camino Real’, ‘Albion’, ‘Carmela’, ‘Treasure’ and ‘Pájaro’. Pure isolates of M. phaseolina were obtained from ‘Ruby Gem’ and ‘Macarena’. Pure isolates of Fusarium spp. were obtained from ‘Palomar’. Plant losses and disease ratings due to M. phaseolina were greater for ‘Macarena’, ‘Treasure’ and ‘Pajaro’, followed by, ‘Ruby Gem’ and ‘Carmela’ than for ‘Palomar’ and ‘Camarosa’, which appeared to be more tolerant to plant decline. This study demonstrates the differential tolerance to M. phaseolina of currently available strawberry cultivars in Tucumán, Argentina.La provincia de Tucumán es una de las productoras más importantes de frutilla de Argentina. La podredumbre carbonosa de corona y raíz es una enfermedad transmitida por el suelo causada por el hongo Macrophomina phaseolina. Este enfermedad se encuentra distribuida en todo el mundo y M. phaseolina uno de los hongos patógenos más importantes desde el punto de vista económico. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la susceptibilidad de diferentes cultivares de frutilla a M. phaseolina bajo condiciones de campo. La evaluación se realizó en el INTA-Famaillá en Tucumán, Argentina. Se utilizaron plantines de frutilla frescos de los cultivares ‘Macarena’, ‘Treasure’, ‘Pájaro’, ‘Ruby Gem’, ‘Carmela’, ‘Camino Real’, ‘Albion’, ‘Ventana’, ‘Camarosa’ y ‘Palomar’. Todas las plantas evaluadas mostraron decaimiento y muerte pero los patógenos aislados difirieron entre variedades. Fusarium oxysporum fue co-aislado con M. phaseolina en ‘Camarosa’, ‘Camino Real’, ‘Albion’, ‘Carmela’, ‘Treasure’ y ‘Pájaro’. Los aislados puros de M. phaseolina se obtuvieron de ‘Ruby Gem’ y ‘Macarena’, y el aislado puro de Fusarium spp. se obtuvo de ‘Palomar’. Las pérdidas de plantas y las tasas de enfermedad debidas a M. phaseolina fueron mayores para ‘Macarena’, ‘Treasure’ y ‘Pajaro’, seguidas por ‘Ruby Gem’ y ‘Carmela’ que para ‘Palomar’ y ‘Camarosa’, que parecían ser más tolerantes al declive de la planta. Este estudio demuestra la tolerancia diferencial de los cultivares de frutilla actualmente disponibles a M. phaseolina en Tucumán, Argentina.EEA FamailláFil: Viejobueno, Josefina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Famaillá; ArgentinaFil: Ramallo, Ana Carolina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia; ArgentinaFil: Kirschbaum, Daniel Santiago. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Famaillá; ArgentinaFil: Baino, Olga M. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia; ArgentinaFil: Salazar, Sergio Miguel. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Famaillá; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia; Argentin

Identidad taxonómica de Sarcocornia fruticosa y S. hispanica en la Península Ibérica

The recent description of Sarcocornia hispanica, from SE Iberian Peninsula evidences the notable morphological complexity of this genus. This species is quite close to S. fruticosa, as they both show an erect habit and lack of rooting stems. Besides, S. fruticosa has been traditionally recorded for the same geographical area of S. hispanica. However, the original description of S. hispanica did not include any mention about these two taxa would live together and which ones are the differential morphological characters. Our study aims to clarify their main morphological differences and to address two questions. Firstly, if two close species would be coexisting or secondly, if both species would not live together and then only one erect shrubby species should be recognised for the southeastern peninsular. Therefore, a detailed morphological study of these two species was carried out using vegetative and reproductive characters together with SEM features. Based on the original description, the main morphological features of S. hispanica were compared, plus other features which would support their identification. Our data pointed out the existence of a marked overlapping for most of the studied characters independently of the geographical procedence of the samples. As a result, no significant morphological differences have been found between both taxa, and S. hispanica is proposed as a mere synonym of S. fruticosa.La reciente descripción de Sarcocornia hispanica, para el sureste de la península ibérica, evidencia la notable complejidad morfológica de este género. Esta especie es muy próxima a S. fruticosa, ya que ambas tienen el hábito erecto y carecen de ramas enraizantes. Además, S. fruticosa ha sido tradicionalmente citada para la misma área geográfica de S. hispanica. Sin embargo, en la descripción original de S. hispanica no se indica si ambos taxones conviven y tampoco se aportan los caracteres morfológicos que los diferencian. El presente trabajo se centra en clarificar sus principales diferencias morfológicas, y dar respuesta a dos posibles hipótesis. En primer lugar, si estas dos especies coexisten, o en segundo lugar, ambas especies no convivirían y solo una especie arbustivas de hábito erecto, se reconocerían para el sureste peninsular. Para ello, se ha realizado un estudio morfológico detallado de ambas especies basado en diferentes caracteres vegetativos y reproductivos, junto con características obtenidas con MEB. Se han comparado los principales caracteres morfológicos indicados en la descripción original de S. hispanica, así como otros caracteres que apoyen la identificación de ambos taxones. Los datos obtenidos indican que la mayor parte de las características analizadas están solapadas entre ambas especies con independencia de su procedencia geográfica. Por tanto, no se han encontrado diferencias morfológicas entre ambos taxones, y se propone a S. hispanica como un sinónimo de S. fruticosa

Análisis comparativo del proceso de dirección estratégica entre los servicios de salud de la Región del Biobío

This Research, contains structurally the review the process of Strategic Management on the fi fth Health Services of the Biobío`s Region. This study was made by a review on the literature, what consider the concepts sees on this study, the key concepts are “Strategic Analysis”, “Strategic Planning”, “Strategies”, “Control” and “Guideline”. After to this revision, it will analyze the relevant information from each entity over study, with the purpose of conclude how the Strategic Management process has been leaded by each organism on study. All this analyze has been perform to get conclusions and recommend futures lines of action for this Service of Health, at the time to defi ne his strategies and how this are generated, defi ned and controlled for the acquire the strategic objectives.La investigación realizada, contempla estructuralmente la revisión del proceso de Dirección Estratégica de los cinco Servicios de Salud de la Octava Región. Este estudio fue realizado a partir de una revisión bibliográfi ca que repasa los conceptos incluidos en el este estudio, siendo claves los de Análisis Estratégico, Planifi cación Estratégica, Estrategias, Control, Directrices. Posterior a esta revisión se analizará la información relevante de cada entidad estudiada, con el propósito de concluir como el proceso de Dirección Estratégica fue llevado por cada entidad. Todo este análisis es realizado para concluir y recomendar futuras líneas de acción para cada Servicio de Salud, al momento de defi nir sus Estrategias y como estas son; generadas, defi nidas y controladas para la consecución de los objetivos estratégicos