An Efficient Block-based Image Compression And Quality-Wise Decompression Algorithm

In this paper, we propose a block-based lossy image compression algorithm that makes use of spatial redundancies of neighboring pixels in image data. Compression is achieved by replacing a block of pixels with their statistical mean. The algorithm helps in decompressing the image at different quality levels. Quality matrices constructed from the quantization table of the JPEG baseline algorithm are used to achieve different qualities of the reconstructed data. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms existing polynomial-based algorithms both in computation time and complexity

State based model of long-term potentiation and synaptic tagging and capture

Recent data indicate that plasticity protocols have not only synapse-specific but also more widespread effects. In particular, in synaptic tagging and capture (STC), tagged synapses can capture plasticity-related proteins, synthesized in response to strong stimulation of other synapses. This leads to long-lasting modification of only weakly stimulated synapses. Here we present a biophysical model of synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus that incorporates several key results from experiments on STC. The model specifies a set of physical states in which a synapse can exist, together with transition rates that are affected by high- and low-frequency stimulation protocols. In contrast to most standard plasticity models, the model exhibits both early- and late-phase LTP/D, de-potentiation, and STC. As such, it provides a useful starting point for further theoretical work on the role of STC in learning and memory

STUDIES ON PESTICIDE REMOVING EFFICACY AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF DHATHRI EAT PURE NATURAL VEGETABLE CLEANER FOR FRUITS AND VEGETABLES

Fruits and vegetables are highly nutritious and form as key food commodity in the human consumption. They are highly perishable due to their low shelf life. These food commodities are reported to be contaminated with microbes and health hazardous chemicals such as pesticides. Hence, it is very necessary to remove the pesticides and prevent the microbial contamination of fruits and vegetables without changing its nutritional value. For this purpose Dhathri Eat Pure Natural Vegetable Cleaner (DEPNVC) have been used to wash out the pesticides along with prevention of microbial contamination. The present study was performed to study the pesticide removing efficiency and antimicrobial activity against the food borne microbial pathogens. Dhathri Eat Pure Natural Vegetable Cleaner contains natural ingredients such as Coconut vinegar, Neem (Azadirachta indica), Turmeric (Curcuma longa). The HPTLC studies were also performed to determine the ingredients of DEPNVC. The results shown that DEPNVC has the 75 % (Organo Phosphorous) 90% (organo chlorines) of pesticides and the dose dependent antibacterial activity with mean zone of inhibition was observed as 11.63 ± 3.03 mm

Effect of tropical monsoon on fishery abundance of Indian squid (Uroteuthis (Photololigo) duvaucelii)

Indian squid, Uroteuthis (Photololigo) duvaucelii (Loliginidae) constitute an important component of the inshore cephalopod fisheries along the eastern Arabian Sea. Local environmental variation plays an important role in species–environment interactions in neritic squids, which inhabit nearshore/coastal waters. Such ‘active’ and ‘passive’ responses of squids to environmental changes is crucial in understanding their relationships and influence on the biological processes, distribution and abundance of the fast-growing shortlived coastal loliginids. The empirical relationship between squid abundance and the variability in rainfall and sea surface temperature (SST) were explored in a tropical monsoon fishery. Monthly catch rates (catch per fishing hour) of squids in commercial trawl during 1987–2009 were used as the abundance index. Linear regression models with ARIMA errors were fitted with catch per unit hour time series as dependent variable and rainfall and SST as exogenous variables. While rainfall was observed to have a negative effect on squid abundance, the SST recorded a positive impact. ARIMA models provided satisfactory fit to observed data and forecast of 22 months. Given that the squid life-cycle is a function of their environment, this result is relevant in forecasting squid biomass for themanagement of tropical monsoon fisheries

Rare double embryos in the egg capsule of Pharaoh Cuttlefish

The embryonic development of cephalopods is considered unique among molluscs. A recently spawned and deposited egg cluster of Pharaoh Cuttlefish Sepia pharaonis (Ehrenberg, 1831) was collected from the Arabian Sea off Kochi (10°01ʹ52ʹʹ N; 75°55ʹ09ʹʹ E) (40 m depth) on 25th November 2021. The egg stalks were attached to a moored coconut spadix and the colour of the egg cluster was white. Fertilized eggs were brought to the laboratory and allowed to develop in tanks with oxygenated seawater (28°C; pH 8.1-8.3; salinity 34-35 ppt) at the ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kochi, India

Edad, crecimiento y maduración en el calamar mesopelágico Abralia andamanica (Cephalopoda: Enoploteuthidae) del mar de Arabia

Age, growth and maturation in the mesopelagic squid Abralia andamanica (Cephalopoda: Enoploteuthidae) were studied in 140 individuals of 15-60 mm dorsal mantle length (DML) captured from open waters in the southeast Arabian Sea. The length-weight relationship was estimated as W=0.278 DML1.884 (R2=0.93). Age estimates based on statolith increment counts ranged from 79 to 177 days, suggesting a short (<200-day) lifespan. Growth in length was best described by a linear function for males and a power function for females. Growth in weight was best described by a power function for both sexes. Growth rates of the DML ranged from 0.16 to 0.30 (mean=0.24) mm/day in males and from 0.23 to 0.43 (mean=0.33) mm/day in females. The hatching season extended from June to August (monsoon season).El patrón de crecimiento del calamar mesopelágico Abralia andamanica se estudió a partir de 140 ejemplares de 15-60 mm de longitud dorsal del manto (LDM) capturados en aguas oceánicas del sureste del mar de Arabia. La relación entre LDM y peso (P) de ambos sexos combinados se estimó como: P = 0.278 LMD1.884 (R2 = 0.93). La edad de A. andamanica se estimó mediante contaje de incrementos de crecimiento de sus estatolitos, oscilando entre 79 y 177 días, lo que evidencia que A. andamanica tiene un ciclo de vida breve (<200 días). El crecimiento en longitud se describió mediante una función lineal para machos y potencial para hembras. El crecimiento en peso para cada sexo se describió mediante una función potencial. El dimorfismo sexual mostró una tasa de crecimiento que osciló entre 0.16 y 0.30 (media = 0.24) mm LDM/día en los machos y entre 0.23 y 0.43 (media = 0.33) mm LMD/día en las hembras. La época de puesta se extendió entre junio y agosto (época de monzones) en el sureste del mar de Arabia

Application of the Point Stress Criterion to Assess the Bond Strength of a Single-Lap Joint

Finite element analysis has been carried out to obtain the interfacial stresses in a single lap joint using a special 6-node isoparametric element for adhesive layer. The analysis results are found to be in good agreement with the closedform solution of Goland and Reissner. The peak normal and shear stresses found in the adhesive layer at the edges of the joint are due to stress singularity. The bond strength of the single-lap joint is estimated considering one of the stress fracture criteria known as the point stress criterion. Bond strength estimates are found to be reasonably in good agreement with existing test results.Выполнен конечноэлементный расчет напряжений в зоне соединения внахлестку с использованием в адгезионном слое специальных 6-узловых изопараметрических конечных элементов. Результаты расчета хорошо согласуются с решениями, полученными в замкнутом виде Голандом и Рейсснером. Показано, что максимальные нормальные и касательные напряжения в адгезионном слое имеют место в торцах соединения, что обусловлено их сингулярностью. Оценена адгезионная прочность соединения внахлестку с помощью критерия прочности, известного как критерий точечных напряжений. Расчетные значения адгезионной прочности тесно коррелируют с известными экспериментальными данными.Проведено скінченноелементний розрахунок напружень у зоні з єднання внапуск із використанням у адгезійному шарі спеціальних 6-вузлових ізопараметричних скінченних елементів. Результати розрахунку добре узгоджуються з розв язками, отриманими у замкненому вигляді Голандом і Рейсснером. Показано, що максимальні нормальні і дотичні напруження в адгезійному шарі мають місце в торцях з єднання, що зумовлено їх сингулярністю. Оцінено адгезійну міцність з єднання внапуск за допомогою критерію міцності, відомого як критерій точкового напруження. Розрахунки і значення адгезійної міцності тісно корелюють із відомими експериментальними даними